Mene ne mafi tsawo dutse a duniya. A tsawon Caucasian da Ural duwãtsu

da samuwar duwatsu a lokacin da miliyoyin shekaru. Su bayyanar da shi ne saboda collisions kafa ɓawon burodi tectonic faranti.

Andean Cordillera

Mene ne mafi tsawo dutsen a duniya, to ka shi ne ƙarfi? Ka ba su yi shakka tuna wasu Andes. Suna located in South America. Kuma sunan daga Inca harshen nufin "Copper Mountain". Daidai da su a kan mu duniya ba.

Ga waɗanda ba su san abin da mafi tsawo dutsen a duniya, ya kamata a ce cewa tsawon na Andean Cordillera na unprecedented girma. Shi ne tara kilomita dubu.

The asalin mafi tsawo dutsen kewayon daukan Caribbean Sea. A lokaci guda, ya zo up zuwa Tierra del Fuego.

The girma ganiya na Copper Mountain

Andean Koldilerov samuwar tsari ya ci gaba a wannan lokaci. Wani lokaci dutsen zangon sa kanta da aka sani volcanic eruptions. Popular sau da yawa akwai girgizar kasa. A tsari ne kammala da kiwon samuwar duwatsu.

Babbar folds, kunsha na dutse, tashin wani m tsawo.
The girma ganiya a Andean Cordillera dutsen Akonkagau dauke. Its iyakar tadawa ne 6962 m.

Main halaye Andean Cordilleras

Idan an ce muku: "Mene ne mafi tsawo dutsen a duniya da kuma bayyana su", shi ne ake ambata da sauran sigogi. Matsakaicin nisa daga cikin jerin wadannan na musamman jeri na da ɗari bakwai da hamsin kilomita. Wannan darajar da aka rubuta a cikin Andean Filato a tsakiyar Andes. Akwai wuraren da nisa daga cikin Copper Mountain ne da ɗari biyar kilomita.

Amma da babban yankin sun shagaltar da Koldirer Andean tudu. Shi ne ake kira Pune. A tsawo daga cikin dutse range akwai wani talakawan na game da hudu kilomita.
A cewar masana, Copper Mountain - a gwada matasa samuwar. A tsari na da samuwar aka kammala a kan tsari na shekaru miliyoyin da suka wuce. Burbushin fara fito fili a cikin Precambrian da Paleozoic a cikin lokaci. Wannan ke nan a lõkacin da wuri ya fara bayyana a sararin teku da yankunan ƙasar. Kuma na dogon lokaci yanki inda a halin yanzu a cikin Andes, ya teku, da ƙasar rabo.

A mafi tsawo dutsen iyaka a duniya a lokaci guda hidima a matsayin manya-manyan watershed tsakanin tekuna. A Copper Mountain ne tushen daga cikin shahararrun Amazon River. Akwai ke ma fãra, da ta aikin gandu. Andean Cordillera ne farkon yawa daga cikin manyan koguna na Kudu Amurka nahiyar, wanda daga ƙarƙashinsu Paraguay, Orinoco da Paraná State.

yanayin damina

Idan ka aiki za a kammala a cikin tambaya: "Wãne ne mafi tsawo dutsen a duniya, da kuma yawan zafin jiki zone a cikin abin da suke located," shi ne daraja ambata game da su insulating nufi. Domin babban yankin Andean Koldirery bauta a matsayin yanayin shinge. Gaskiyar cewa suna daidai ware ta ƙasa daga Atlantic tasiri a yamma. Kare da babban yankin da kuma ridges daga Pacific Ocean zuwa gabas.

Shan la'akari da tsawon da dutsen sarkar, shi ne ba abin mamaki bane cewa Andes ba located a cikin wannan yanayin zone. Wannan subtropical da kuma kudancin temperate wurare masu zafi, da Equatorial da sub-Equatorial kudu da arewa. Mountain kewayon lullube fadin duk shida na sama climatic zones. Saboda haka, a sassa daban daban na sarkar jeri matuƙa, daban-daban data kasance wuri mai faɗi. Bambanci ne shi ne kiyaye saboda asarar daban-daban ruwan sama. Idan a kan yammacin gangara wannan da nawa zuwa dubu goma millimeters, sa'an nan kudu - da yawa kasa.

Rabuwa da taimako

Idan kana bukatar ka amsa tambaya: "Wãne ne mafi tsawo dutsen a duniya da kuma su na asali gyara", shi wajibi ne don bayyana cikin yankuna, wanda raba da Andean Cordillera. By taimako ware tsakiya, kudanci da kuma arewacin Andes. Kowane yankin rike ta ridges. Domin gudanar da Arewa Caribbean, Ecuadorian, da kuma arewa maso yamma Andes. Main duwãtsu rabu da kwaruruka na biyu koguna - da Magdalena da Cauca. A cikin wadannan yankunan akwai babban adadin volcanoes. Daya daga cikinsu - Huila. Tsayinsa ne 5750 mita. Amma Ruiz aman wuta kai matakin na 5400 mita.

A Ecuadorian Andes ne a dukan sarkar high volcanoes. Mafi mashahuri ne giant Chimborazo. Its mafi girma tadawa - 6267 m kawai su ke kasa da Cotopaxi (5896 m) .. Wannan dutsen sarkar gudanar ta hanyar da ƙasa na kawai bakwai jihohin ayi a kan ta Kudu Amurka nahiyar. Daga cikin su Colombia da Ecuador da Venezuela da Bolivia, Peru da kuma Chile, da kuma Argentina. Tsororuwar da Andes aka located a kusa da 6769 m. A nasa ne zuwa Dutsen Huascaran.

A Chilean-Argentine da Patagonian Kudancin Andes dabam- dabam suke. The girma ganiya wannan part - Tupungato. Shi yakan zuwa 6800 m. A kadan ƙananan saukar da dutsen Medsedario. Tsayinsa - 6770 m.

picturesque gangara

Idan an ce muku: "Mene ne mafi tsawo dutsen a duniya da kuma bayyana wannan musamman wuri," to ya kamata ka yi magana game da m kyau na ridges na sarkar. Kuma a cikin wannan dutse tsarin a kowace jiha na da peculiarity. Saboda haka, a cikin Venezuelan Andes a cikin ja kasa girma Bishiyoyi da deciduous gandun daji. Wani wuri mai faɗi iya fariya gangara daga cibiyar zuwa arewa maso yammacin ɓangare na dutsen kewayo. Suna rufe da Equatorial kuma wurare masu zafi da gandun daji. Ga za ka iya samun ayaba, roba shuke-shuke, cacao itacen da na itatuwan dabino, inabõbi da bamboo. Akwai kuma irin sassan Andean Cordillera, wanda aka rufe da m m sarari ko gansakuka bogs. Kuma duk da cewa shi ne a sama da hudu da rabi kilomita, shi ne snow kuma madawwami kankara.

dabba duniya

Andes ne mai girma iri-iri na fauna. Su gida alpacas da llamas, deer Pudu da Cebidae. Nan za ka iya ganin relic spectacled bear, sloth, blue Foxes, chinchillas da Humming birds. A wasu kalmomin, da wakilan da dabba duniya, wanda a Rasha an samu kawai a zoo.

Andes dauke mazauninsu a kan ɗari tara jinsunan halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, shida jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma dubu biyu da jinsunan tsuntsaye. A fadi da dama nau'in kifi (400 jinsunan) da kuma daban-daban na gida koguna.

Ural duwãtsu

Mene ne dogon Rasha duwãtsu? Ural. Wannan dutsen da kewayon lullube tsakanin West Siberian da kuma Gabas Turai Bayyana. A tsawon da Ural duwãtsu ne kusan 2000 da kuma tare da Mugodzhary da Nai Hoem - 2600 km.

Mene ne dogon Rasha duwãtsu sun sigogi a fadin? A m ne 40 km. A wasu wurare, da nisa daga dutsen taro kai 150 km.

A tarihin abin da ya faru

Ilimi Ural ridges faru a cikin marigayi Paleozoic lokaci. A wani shekaru na tsanani orogeny. A sosai samuwar tsararru fara game da ɗari uku da hamsin shekaru miliyan da suka wuce. Yana da yake wa marigayi Devonian. Yana kammala aiwatar da kusan ɗari biyu da miliyan shekaru da suka wuce.

A Ural zones ya tashi sama da surface maras kyau, kuma sau da yawa metamorphic dutse hako ma'adinai irin. Su suna kira zuwa ga Palaeozoic zamanin.

Gwargwadon yankunan

Ural tsararru na conventionally kasu kashi biyar sassa. Ware ta Kudu da kuma ta tsakiya. Akwai Arewa da iyakacin duniya da kuma na iyakacin duniya.

A widest wani ɓangare na dutsen iyaka ne Yuzhnyy Ural. Its gabashin gangara an rufe tare da gandun daji da kuma kuri'a na tabkuna. Ƙasa yamma wani dutse kudu sarkar wakiltar steppe. A kadan arewa na shi aka maye gurbinsu da gandun daji.
Sredniy Ural - shi ne mafi ƙasƙanci da narrowest ɓangare na dutsen kewayo. A dutsen gangara a yankin rufe coniferous gandun daji.

More tsanani sauyin yanayi ne Severnyy Ural. A dutsen gangara a wannan yanki aka rufe da gandun daji, wanda mai yawa berries da namomin kaza.

A mafi yanki ne na iyakacin duniya Urals. A ta tsakiyar ɓangare akwai da Mutane ta koli. Shi yakan zuwa 1894 m. A kadan a kasa da shi, kamar yadda a cikin iyakacin duniya Urals ne dutsen Karpinski. Tsayinsa - 1876 m.

A tundra located iyakacin duniya Ural. A wannan yankin, da dutse taro ne a rage ta tsawo da nisa. Iyakacin duniya Urals ne halin da mai kauri sauyin yanayi. A tsawon lokaci na bazara lokaci a cikin wannan yanki shi ne kananan - kawai wata daya (daga tsakiyar watan Yuli zuwa tsakiyar Agusta).

Caucasus duwãtsu

Wannan tsararru ne zuwa kashi biyu tsarin. Wadannan sun hada da Big da Small Caucasus. Mountain kewayon lullube tsakanin Azov, Black kuma Caspian Tekuna.
Idan an ce muku: "Mene ne mafi tsawo dutse a kudu da Rasha," ka ba su yi shakka a kira Caucasian. Su samuwar aka kammala a cikin zurfi na lokaci.

Mene ne tsawon na Caucasus Mountains? Greater Caucasus lullube ga fiye da dubu ɗaya da ɗari kilomita. Yana da wani picturesque wuri mai arziki a cikin bambancin Flora da fauna.

A cikin duwatsu na Caucasus za a iya samu daji boar, chamois da zinariya gaggafa. Array ne mazauninsu na rare Caucasian damisa.