Mene ne kabeji: sa, description, photo, namo

Kowa ya sani cewa da kabeji da amfani sosai da kuma dadi kayan lambu. Yana cike da bitamin da kuma alama abubuwa da ake bukata da jikin mutum. Ba tare da kabeji da aka dafa shi miya. Its fermented, stewed, pickled, da sauransu. D. A sabo kayan da aka yi amfani a daban-daban salads. Saboda haka, masu nasu lambu sau da yawa girma wannan shuka.

Akwai da yawa bambance-bambancen karatu. Akwai jinsuna, kamar Broccoli da farin kabeji sprouts, kabeji, Brussels sprouts, akwai ko da breeds wani nau'in. Kowace daga cikinsu yana da peculiarities. Don girma amfanin gona mai kyau, rani baƙo bukatar ya san iri-iri na tsaba da kuma da fasali. Domin daban-daban na jita-jita dace da irin kabeji.

Janar halaye

Nazarin tambaya na abin da ya faru kabeji, kamata kula da ta halaye. All iri fãce Beijing, leaf, Sin da kuma canza launin iri ne biennial shuke-shuke. Lokacin da kiwo ne a yi la'akari da kayan lambu. A farkon shekarar da biennial iri samar da rosette na ganye da kuma ajiya gabobin (kai). To tattara tsaba for namo, bukatar jira har na gaba shekara.

Duk irin kabeji za a iya raba 3 kungiyoyin. A farkon iri-iri ne a shirye domin tarin cikin 2-3 watanni bayan fitowan. Average amfanin ƙasa amfanin gona iri bayan 3-5 watanni, da kuma daga baya - bayan 5-7 watanni.

Dangane da kiwo dalilai, shi wajibi ne yin lissafi da tarin lokaci. Idan kana bukatar wani spring kabeji don sabo salads, shakka ficewa domin farkon-type al'adu. Late iri dace da girbi kayan lambu domin hunturu.

seedling

So su sa a cikin lambu wannan ban mamaki kayan lambu, dole ne ka san inda ta tsiro kabeji, kamar dasa ta tsaba. The Ideal lokacin kiwo seedlings dauke Fabrairu - May. A wannan yanayin, tabbata a la'akari da shi, a lokacin da ya jira da girbi.

Tsaba suna mafi kyau dasa a tukwane da peat. Seedlings ba jure transplanting. Saboda haka, da suka ragu a wadannan tankuna. Lokacin da seedlings zai zama 40-60 kwanaki, suna dasa a cikin ƙasa a cikin akwati, inda suka yi girma. Kana iya yin wannan kadan a baya, amma wajibi ne a samar musu da mafi dadi yanayi.

Idan shi ne farkon spring dasa ne da za'ayi a cikin wani greenhouse. Ga frosts ba zai cutar da shuke-shuke. Suna girma a cikin irin wannan yanayi da karfi da lafiya, a shirye su girma a cikin bude filin.

History of namo

Seedlings na kabeji, irin wanda aka sani a gare mu a yau, girma a cikin gadaje na zamanin d mutane ko 4 da dubu. Shekaru da suka wuce. Wannan kayan lambu ya bayyana a tsakiya da yammaci da kuma Rum da aka yi amfani da matsayin abinci da tsoho Romawa, Masarawa, da al'ummai duka. A dangi na kabeji, daga abin da na zamani iri Kochan, kuma wani ganye iri-iri.

A kan aiwatar da ci gaban wayewar da cinikayya na shuke-shuke, a yi amfani da abinci, shi ya fara girma, kuma a cikin m yankuna. A daidai da sharuddan da sauyin yanayi, kasar gona ya fara bayyana sabon iri na kabeji.

A kasar mu, wannan shuka ta samu zuwa 13-15 karni daga yammacin Turai. Kabeji ne da tabbaci a cikin rai na mazaunan Rasha. Ga shi an horar da yawa iri. Su kuma a yanzu suna aikawa zuwa kasashe makwabta. A cikin karni na 19th akwai 22 irin kabeji. Wasu daga cikin su ne musamman.

A pre-neman sauyi lokaci a cikin filayen da muka fara girma shigo da tsaba wannan shuka. Interbreeding tare da 'yan qasar jinsunan, suka ba mai yawa sabon iri. Tun tsakiyar karni na 20th, shayarwa kawo iri tare da ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa, juriya da sauyin yanayi.

hybrids

Yau a kasar mu girma duka biyu na gida da kuma shigo da nau'in wakilta al'adu. Su total number yanzu TOTALS 133 jinsunan. Akwai ma wasu irin kabeji hybrids. Kuma sun sanya wani alama F1.

A cikin 'yan qasar abun da ke ciki hada da 24 da kuma 58 haye artificially shigo da amfanin gona. Shayarwa aiki a cikin wannan shugabanci zai yiwu ya haifar da iri da suke resistant zuwa m yanayin yanayi.

Tattara da girbi a daban-daban yanayi, yana yiwuwa ya ci wannan kayan lambu a ko'ina cikin shekara. A farkon iri nunarsa a watan Afrilu. Late kabeji da ake samu har zuwa Oktoba. Zai yiwu don adana kayan lambu na dogon lokaci.

kabeji

Daya daga cikin na kowa a cikin kasar ne da kabeji. Grade, description cewa daidai wannan kungiya kuma zuwa kashi farkon, na tsakiya da kuma marigayi. Ya kamata ba za a girma a wannan wuri.

Seedling tsiro da kyau kusa da albasa, dankali da tumatur da cucumbers. A kasar gona da aka shirya a cikin fall. Its Dug da kuma yin taki (taki, humus) a cikin wani adadin 4 kg / m². A cikin bazara ƙasa sassauta. Haka ma wajibi ne don yin taki. Rijiyoyin da aka dasa seedlings. A rami da aka cika humus da takin. Next, ruwa yana zuba a cikin su. Lokacin shi ne tunawa, a fara a cikin kowane kyau kafa seedlings. Su tushen tsarin ya kamata a yi clod na duniya.

A nesa a saukowa dole 75h35, 60x40 ko 50x50 cm. A farkon zamanin watering ne da za'ayi a kusa da kowace shuka kullum. Bayan 1.5-2 makonni za a iya shayar da a total yanki na flower gadaje.

A mafi mashahuri a kasar mu ne irin iri kamar farkon: Number daya Gribovsky 147 (shugaban 1-1.5 kg), The Yuni (1-12 kg). Tsakiyar: 1432 Golden kadada (1.2-2 kg) Stakhanovite 1513 (1.5-2.5 kg). Mazan: koyo 611 (2.5-3 kg) Mai goge 1474 (3.5-4 kg).

scotch Kale

By karatu abin da ya faru kabeji, shi wajibi ne su yi la'akari da wannan irin yadda irin ja. Wannan subspecies nasa ne da baya kungiyar na al'adu. An bambanta da purple-ja launi na ganye da kuma kabeji kai. Shi ne mafi resistant zuwa sanyi shuke-shuke. Ana amfani da salads, ciki har da abin da ake ci. Wannan kayan lambu pickle. Magani Properties na shuke-shuke suna amfani da ko'ina a mutãne magani.

Wannan al'ada da aka dasa a bude ƙasa. Ta lokaci girma na 160 days. Kula da kuma dasa na seedlings samar kamar kabeji. Popular iri - Example F1 (4 kg) Firebird (3 kg), Juno (1.2 kg).

Savoy

Savoy kabeji (photo gabatar daga baya) ya wrinkled ganye. Suna rufe da kumfa, da kurakurai. An ci abinci sabo ne ko bayan zafi magani. Adana wannan kayan lambu ba muddin yana da wani dangi na kabeji. Amma da dandano da ake ci halaye nisa m zuwa karshen.

Savoy al'ada yana da wani babban abun ciki na bitamin C, ma'adinai da kuma gina jiki aka gyara. Wannan iri-iri da aka girma a cikin kamar yadda ta gabata iri. Wajibi ne a yi la'akari da sharuddan da saukowa daga ta seedlings.

Popular sa - Mila 1 (3 kg), Jubilee 2170 (0.8 kg), bigiren (2.5 kg).

kohlrabi

Savoy kabeji, a photo na wanda aka buga a sama, shi ne bambanta da ta abin da ake ci halaye, amma shi ne adana talauci. Saboda haka uwar gida karfe sa amfani kamar kohlrabi a shiri na daban-daban jita-jita.

Wannan kabeji zangarniya yana da wani mai siffar zobe siffar. Wannan shi ake amfani a soups, salads. Wannan kayan lambu tsame manyan ake samu da kuma wani babban abun ciki na bitamin C. Yana da aka girma a cikin greenhouse da kuma bude hanya. Tsire-tsire ana shuka a nesa na 25x15 cm.

Girbi faruwa a lokacin da mai tushe zama 8-10 cm a diamita. A kasar mafi sau da yawa girma Picante (0.5-0.9 kg), Vienna White 1350 (2.5 kg).

Brussels sprouts

Tushen furotin ga jiki zai iya zama Brussels sprouts. By wannan siga wakilta sa gaba belokochannaja kungiyar 1.5. Wannan shuka yana da tsayi kara, waɗanda wasu ƙananan kochanchiki ci gaba a cikin axils na kananan ganye.

A lokacin ci gaban da tsarin Wajibi ne mu karfafa cikin takardar ciyar nitric shuke-shuke. Lokacin da kochanchiki girma ta fara, wajibi ne a yi amfani da phosphorus-potassium taki. Girma sprouts a bude filin ne halin a matsayin wajen lengthy tsari. Seedlings an sanya shi a cikin rijiyoyin a mita 60x60 ko 70x70 cm. Wannan inji ba ya bukatar m ban ruwa. Kawai a musamman bushe lokaci wajibi ne zuwa waƙa da wani isasshen matakin na ƙasa danshi.

Domestic manoman girma iri kamar Hercules 1342 (20-30 kochanchiki), kashiya (60-70 kochanchiki).

farin kabeji

La'akari da abin da kabeji ne, ba za mu iya watsi da wani mashahuri iri-iri. Kansa ake ci, shi ya dubi kamar karfi da proliferating Inflorescence. Saboda haka sunan iri-iri. Wannan farin kabeji.

Yana sosai da sauri za su raira waƙa. Kamar bayan 15-20 kwanaki bayan dasa shuki da shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa, kansa ya riga ya dace da abinci. Wannan kayan lambu ne da taushi da kuma fleshy. Shirya shi a duk yiwu hanyoyi.

Mafi dukkan al'adu tsiro a zazzabi na 14-17 digiri. A wannan zafi da kuma ƙasa iya zama low. A shuka ba jure karfi bushe iska. Kafin dasa ƙasar hadu da taki, humus. A rukunin farko na seedlings kara wa rijiyoyin a karshen watan Afrilu. Daga baya, za ka iya yi wani kira 2-3 da kwanaki 10 tazara. Girbi ne da za'ayi a cikin 2-2.5 watanni.

Yau da bukatar iri kamar snow duniya (650-850 g), Express (350-500 g).

Broccoli

Broccoli da kuma farin kabeji ne mafi kusa dangi. Amma da farko na su da kuma tastier. A Broccoli shugaban loosely folded. The abinci ne ma dace da kasa da harbe. Saboda haka, wannan iri-iri ne kuma ake kira Broccoli.

Wannan irin unpretentious ga girma yanayi. Yana iya zama nan da nan vyseevat a cikin ƙasa a cikin marigayi Afrilu. Idan kana so ka tara da girbi a cikin fall, ta zauna a cikin watan Yuni. Shi ne kuma zai yiwu shuka seedlings. Yana zama mafi karfi a cikin 35-45 rana bayan da fitowan na harbe. Tazara rijiyoyin ne 20x50 cm. Dole a sassauta kasar gona, sako gadaje da kuma shayar da su. Mafi girma iri Linda (0.5 kg), Monterey (1.9 kg).

Kale

Idan yanayin zone halin da gajeren lokacin rani, shi ne ya cancanci a duba a matsayin madadin su waddan Kale. Wannan shi ne wani biennial shuka. Gabatar aji hada forage da ornamental jinsunan.

All iri leaf kabeji za a iya amfani da shiri na daban-daban jita-jita. Musamman ma bayan sanyi. Amma mafi wannan nau'in horar da matsayin ornamental shuka a gonar. Al'adu yana da wani garaya-dimbin yawa pinnate ganye. Su launi dabam daga kore zuwa Violet.

Wannan iri-iri za a iya dasa a bude ƙasa seedling hanya. Yana ba ya bukatar wani babban adadin danshi.

Sheet kabeji yin salads, ta yin amfani da matsayin ƙari a lokacin pickling. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa band takardar kuma sun hada da wasu irin Sin kabeji. Duk da haka, wannan al'ada za a iya girma a Kochan da polukochannoy siffofin. Ba kamar ganye iri, kabeji ne sosai wuya a kan watering. Amma ta yawan amfanin ƙasa ne high saboda short balaga.

Sinadirai kuma magani Properties

Ko da kuwa nau'in, Kale yana da wani sinadirai masu darajar high. Mutane da yawa iri suna amfani da wani abin da ake ci abinci. Ta soyayyen, stewed, marinated da kuma ci raw.

Dangane da ci gaban da yanayi, da kayan lambu samun wani sa na Properties. Idan watering ya kasance wanda bai isa ba, a cikin kabeji zai yi kasa da sukari. A ganiya zafin jiki da kuma yanayin haske shi kulawa don tara more bitamin C. The abun da ke ciki ya hada da wani karamin adadin furotin xin kayan lambu. Amma shi yana da kyau tunawa da jikin mutum.

Har ila yau, wannan kayan lambu ne mai arziki tushen bitamin. Na micronutrients shi ya ƙunshi alli, potassium, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine. Wannan samfurin ne da amfani ba kawai sabo ne amma kuma pickled siffan. Ana amfani da a matsayin ƙarin kayan aiki a cikin derivation na duwatsu daga hanta, gall mafitsara, da kuma inganta narkewa.

Zabar kabeji iri-iri domin pickling, kana bukatar ka kula da Slavyanka, Yuzhanka 31 Biryuchekutskuyu 138 Volzhanka 9. Wannan high samar da gwaggwabar riba amfanin gona. Sai suka samar da wani babban shugaban. Su ayyana wani babban sugar content cewa accompanies fermentation tsari quality. All bitamin da kuma ma'adanai data kasance irin kabeji ne rayayye shiga a cikin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a cikin jiki.

Mutane suka kai a kai cinye abinci a cikin wannan samfurin, qara rigakafi, da aka fi samun narkewa. Saboda haka, nutritionists bayar da shawarar cin wannan kayan lambu da dama cututtuka da kuma domin rigakafin. A iri-iri maki samuwa a yau damar zuwa karba kowane version na abinci samfurin bisa ga dandano.

Bayan gani, abin da kabeji ne, za ka iya zabar mafi kyau iri-iri domin lambu. Dace kula zai taimaka wajen tattara arziki girbi. A kai a kai cin wannan kayan abinci, na iya inganta harkokin kiwon lafiya, goyon baya rigakafi, da kuma ko rabu da wasu cututtuka.