Me Epiphany aka mai suna da hikima? Photo da biography na Epiphanius Mai hikima

Saboda littattafan tarihi, da yawa daga cikin mu suna sane da shahararrun mutane ta wurin zamanai, kamar babban janar-janar, 'yan siyasa da kuma masana kimiyya. Amma, abin takaici, da makaranta kawai samar da wani kankanin bit da wani ilmi daga waɗanda Figures, wanda ake, ɗaukar ta hanyar ransa hikima da alheri, da kuma bar tarihi facts.

Offer gyara shi da kuma koyi game da wani mutum mai girma da gaske cewa taƙawa mutane da churched da aka sani da St. Epiphanius Mai hikima (photo nekanonizirovannykh St., da rashin alheri, ba ya zama bayan haka shekaru masu yawa). Ya - marubucin sada texts game da shahararren mutane a lokacinsa, ya dauki bangare a cikin labarinsa muhimmanci events na zamanin da yake iya yi tasiri a high jama'a. Rayuwa na Epiphanius Mai hikima, a takaice na da ya wallafa ayyukansa, wanda ta hanyar mu'ujiza tsira da ba rana, suna bayyana a wannan labarin.

Babu ranar haihuwa

Shi ba a san lokacin da aka haife ni a Epiphany Mai hikima. Biography m yana da isasshen zaran da kuma wani lokacin m bayanai: Rev. Epiphanius rayu a cikin rabi na biyu na 14th karni, don haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa bayan haka da yawa daruruwan shekaru bayan mutuwarsa, wannan mutumin umneyshem da haka kadan bayanai. Amma har yanzu akwai da crumbs tattara facts daga disparate guda ƙara har zuwa wani rai labarin wani m Epiphany.

hazaka novice

A tartsatsi ra'ayin cewa rayuwa na Epiphanius Mai hikima fara a Rostov. Ruhaniya hanya matasa Epiphany fara a garinsu, a cikin sufi na St. Grigoriya Bogoslova, wani alama na abin da yake cewa akwai ayyuka a cikin harsuna biyu. Church Slavonic da Girkanci.

Bugu da kari ga m nuna bambanci sufi sanannen domin ta m library dauke da mai girma da yawa littattafan da aka rubuta a cikin harsuna daban-daban. An tambayar hankali da kuma irrepressible kishin ilimi himma novice ya kai ga cewa ya shafe sa'o'i kan folios, karatu harsuna daban daban, kazalika da chronographs, tsani, Littafi Mai Tsarki texts, tarihi Byzantine da kuma zamanin da wallafe-wallafe.

A babbar rawa a cikin samuwar Epiphany taka leda dangantaka ta kusa da Stefan Perm - nan gaba saint, da suka yi aiki a wannan sufi. Erudition kuma m shiryayye - daya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa Epiphany an mai suna hikima.

iska na wanderings

Bayan littattafan Epiphany kusantar da ilmi a tafiyarka. Akwai shaida da cewa da m mai yawa tafiya a duniya, ya yi a Konstantinoful, sanya wani aikin hajji a Dutsen Athos a Urushalima, da kuma sau da yawa mutane sukan zo Moscow da sauran Rasha garuruwa da kauyuka. Hujja na tafiya Urushalima shi ne aikin da "Tatsũniyõyi Epiphany Mnich a kan hanyar zuwa birni mai tsarki na Urushalima." A fili, da ilmi tsiwirwirinsu, daga wani m a cikin expeditions, kuma iya zama da amsa ga tambayar da dalilin da ya sa Epiphany an mai suna hikima.

Gramotnik Triniti sufi

Bayan kammala horo a cikin sufi na St. Georgiya Bogoslova Life of Epiphanius Mai hikima ci gaba a Moscow. A 1380, ya canjawa wuri zuwa Triniti sufi da tafi shahara ascetic a Rasha - St. Sergius na Radonezh - almajiri. A wannan sufi da aka jera gramotnikom Epiphany da ya jagoranci wani aiki knigopisatelskuyu ayyukan. Evidence da wannan hujja ne da cewa tari na rubuce-rubucen a Sergiev-Triniti Lavra iske an rubuta ta da shi "Stihirar" da yawa tarawa da kuma bayanan kula ga sunansa.

Wallafe-wallafe da kuma zane

A 1392, bayan rasuwar shawarta da kuma ruhaniya mahaifin Sergiya Radonezhskogo, Life of Epiphanius Mai hikima ne jurewa gagarumin canje-canje: ya canjawa wuri zuwa Moscow a karkashin jagorancin Lardi Cyprian, inda ya gana da artist Theophanes da Girkanci, wanda baya da shi za su ɗaure dogon abota. A artist da aikinsa samar a m matsayin m ra'ayi da kuma sa a irin wannan indescribable farin ciki da cewa Epiphany da ya fara zuwa cin.

Word of Stefan Perm

A cikin bazara na 1396 ya rasu blagopriyatel m-tarihin Bishop Stefan Permsky. Kuma bayan wani lokaci damu gaya duniya game da ayyuka na St. Epiphanius Mai hikima rubuta "The Life of Stephen na Perm." Wannan aiki - ba wani cikakken tarihinsa, da kuma na gargajiya coci da kuma umarni bayanin duk albarkun da bishop na Perm: Epiphany murna Stephen matsayin saint, wanda Ya halitta Perm haruffa, kusantar al'ummai a cikin bangaskiyar Kirista, fasa gumãka kuma gina Kirista majami'u a ƙasashen da Komi al'ummai.

A exploits na Stephen na Perm a Epiphany Kirista filin daidaita zuwa abubuwan tarihin da, saboda ban da kyau kwarai ingancin rubutu na "The Life of Stefan na Perm '- wannan shi ne wani invaluable tarihi source, domin baya daga cikin hali na Stephen Bishop shi ya ƙunshi overarching facts da alaka da ethnography, al'adu da tarihi na zamanin da da kuma abubuwan dake faruwa a Perm, dangantaka tsakaninta da Moscow da kuma siyasa halin da ake ciki a general. An kwarai da kuma cewa babu mu'ujizai a cikin wannan wallafe-wallafen aiki.

Sahaban quite wuya ba karatu na ayyukan Epiphanius Mai hikima. Ga 'yan kalmomi da suke da sau da yawa ba a tãtsũniyõyin Epiphany:

• wadannan kasashe;
• Zama DRC asali Ruthenian.
• polunoschnyya, glagolemyya.
• daga iyaye da gangan;
• velikyya malamin.
• takozh wani Kirista.

Da shigewar lokaci, labarinsa da aikin, iyawa da kuma rinjãye na kalmar m yaba da pundits. Wannan shi ne wani dalilin da ya sa Epiphany an mai suna hikima.

Jirgin zuwa Tver

A 1408, m ya faru: a Moscow fadi damu da yaki m Yedigei Khan da sojojinsa. A Life of Allah da taƙawa Epiphanius Mai hikima sa kaifi nuna: wani suna fadin knigopisets gudanar a Tver, ba manta dauki ayyukansu. A Tver Epiphany tattarã Archimandrite mai ceto sufi Afanasyeva Cornelius (a duniya - Cyril).

M Epiphanius zauna a Tver kamar yadda 6 years old, kuma a tsawon shekaru da karfi abokai da Karniliyas. Yana Epiphanius Archimandrite gaya game da aikin na Feofana Greka, sosai yaba da aikin da artist. Epiphanius gaya Cyril cewa Theophane ya fentin game da 40 majami'u da kuma da dama gine-gine a Konstantinoful, Cafe, Chalcedon, Moscow da kuma Novgorod. A cikin haruffa zuwa Archimandrite Epiphany kuma kiran kansu da icon-zane-zane, da cewa shi ne, littafin da misalai, da kuma Notes cewa ya zane-zane - shi ne kawai wani kwafin kerawa Feofana Greka.

'yan qasar makõmarsu

A 1414 Epiphanius Mai hikima koma zuwa ƙasar haihuwarmu - to Triniti sufi, wanda ta sa'an nan aka kira Trinity-Sergius (a cikin girmamawa Sergiya Radonezhskogo). Duk da aiki a kan tarihin rayuwar Stephen na Perm, kazalika da ci gaba da wanzuwar nesa daga gida sufi, Epiphany ci gaba da yin rikodi da kuma tattara bayanai da hujjojin da na ayyuka da ya shawarta Grigoriev sufi, tara a cikin daya da bayanai na shaidu da kuma nasu lura. Kuma a cikin 1418 ya rubuta Epiphanius Mai hikima "Rayuwa Sergiya Radonezhskogo". Sai da na ɗauki shi dogon shekaru 20. Domin sauri rubuce-rubuce m rasa da bayanai da kuma ... ƙarfin hali.

Word of Sergii Radonezhskom

"A Life of Sergiya Radonezhskogo" - ko da mafi voluminous aiki fiye da "The Word of Life, kuma koyarwar Mai Tsarki namu Uba Stephen, wani tsohon bishop na Perm." Ya bambanta daga farko "Life of" wani yawa na sada facts daga rai Sergiya Radonezhskogo, kuma yana da mafi daidai na shekara-shekara jerin al'amuran. Special ambaci ya kamata a rubũtacce a "Rayuwa" ne mai tarihi gaskiya game da yakin Prince Dmitry Donskoy da Tartar sojojin m Khan Mamai. Yana Sergiy Radonezhsky albarka yarima a kan m yaƙin neman zaɓe.

Dukansu "The Life" - a gani a kan Epiphany Mai hikima rikitarwa yan Shi'ah na leoyan, da motsin zuciyarmu da kuma juyayinsu. Aikace-aikace na Epiphany cikakken hadaddun epithets, florid phrases, ma'ana, kuma daban-daban allegories. Marubucin kansa ya kira gabatar da ra'ayoyi kamar "fi'ili cobwebs."

A nan ne ya fi kowa kalmomi na Epiphanius Mai hikima, dauka daga "Life of Sergiya Radonezhskogo":

• Ka byst.
• Shida sedmits.
• chetverodesyatny rana.
• Ku mladenets.
• vzdayusche.
• Yako guda priasta.
• kupno guda.
• iereivi povelevayuscha.

Zai yiwu shi ne irin wani sabon abu hanya zuwa knigopisaniya samar da amsa ga tambayar da dalilin da ya sa Epiphany an mai suna hikima.

Wani sanannun version of "The Life of Sergiya Radonezhskogo" a zamaninmu babu godiya ga aiki na Mount Athos m Pachomius Serbs da suka rayu a cikin Triniti-Sergius sufi a cikin lokaci daga 1440 zuwa 1459. Ya halitta wani sabon version of "Zaune" bayan St. Sergius canonized. Pachomius da Serb canza salon da kuma gaba da aiki na Epiphanius Mai hikima labari game da gano da sauran kaya daga Reverend da aka bayyana a cikin posthumous mu'ujjizan halitta a kan Sergius na Radonezh.

Babu ranar mutuwa

Kazalika da ranar haihuwa ne ba a sani ba Epiphanius Mai hikima, ya ba da aka kafa da kuma ainihin ranar da mutuwa. Daban-daban kafofin da'awar cewa knigopisets hau zuwa sama a cikin tazara tsakanin 1418 da 1419 da shekaru. Kiyasta Watan rasuwar - Oktoba.

Ranar Tunawa da Epiphany Mai hikima - on 14 Yuni. Don kwanan wata, ya ba a canonized, cewa ba canonized. Amma, mafi yawansu duk, shi ne kawai wani al'amari lokaci ...