Mangup Kale: yadda za a samu a can? Mangup Kale - photo

Mangup-Calais - wani tsoho kogo gari, wanda aka located ashirin kilomita daga Sevastopol. Daga 6 zuwa 15. da shi shi ne babban birnin kasar na sarauta na Theodoro. A karshen mamaye yankin kudu maso yammacin Crimea. A baya sau, Mangup Kale shi ne mafi girma na da garin a cikin wannan bangare na wannan yanki.

wuri

Kango, da zarar mallakar mafi girma a yankin na zamanin d birane, ne a saman dutsen Mangup. Wannan tsararru ne biyu da ɗari-mita-high hasumiyai majestically kan uku kwaruruka (Jan-Dere da Ai-Todorsky da Karalezskoy) daidai tsibirin.

Mangup Filato a kan uku bangarorin da m cliffs ƙare. Height a wasu na da maki ne 70 m. Arewa Gangara dutse taro da aka yanke ta uku zurfin gullies. Daga cikin su Kapu Dere, Gama-Dere da Taban-Dere. A wannan gefe na kan tudu za a iya isa a kan kafar ko ta mota. A cikin ravines girma deciduous da coniferous itatuwa. Akwai kuma shrubs.

Tsakanin gullies ne hudu kabido (protrusion). Sun yi kama da giant yatsunsu miƙa zuwa wajen arewa. Eastern Cape kira Tekshli-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi (ma'ajiyar nuclear). An gaba daya yanke ta kogwanni. Next zuwa gare shi - Cape Elli-Burun (Windy). Sa'an nan located Chufut- Choargan-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi. Its sauran sunan - Cape Stormcaller Bayahude. A westernmost protrusion - Chamlou-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi (Pine).

protohistory

The cewa birnin Mangup-Kale (Crimea), da masu bincike ba su sani ba daidai da aka kafa. Bisa ga tono a shafin na wurinta mutum shiri da shi aka kafa riga a farkon ƙarni na mu zamanin. Shi ne mai manyan jam'iyyun siyasa da kuma soja cibiyar na Christianization. A kan wani tudu Mangup ya Pontian gari kira Priscian.

Mutane da suke zaune a cikin kayyade yanki 3 a., Kiyaye kusa dangane da Chersonesus. Wannan al'amari ya tabbatar da wasu daga cikin abubuwa samu a wancan lokaci. Saboda haka, a nan muka samu amphorae na ga marigayi Roman zamani, da kuma jan tsabar kudi, minted a zamanin mulkin Arcadia.

Specific data on farkon lokaci a cikin tarihi na sarauta kusan fakowa ba. Unknown da kuma sunayen ta farko shugabanni. Akwai jita-jitar cewa sarakuna mulki Theodoro, mallakar Armenian velmozhnomu haihuwa Gavras.

The na da lokaci

Tun da farkon na 15th karni. kuma har zuwa 1434 a shugaban da Theodoro sarauta ya kaifin baki da kuma mai kuzari Prince Alexei. Ya bayar da damar yin amfani da kasuwanci teku yan hanyoyi, maido da tashar jiragen ruwa Calamita.

A lokacin rani na 1475 tare da Turks shiga su Tatars fara kawanyar Mangup-Kale. Maqiyan mallaki bindigogi, wanda a wancan lokaci ya kasance mafi kyau. Mun kasance a cikin arsenal na Turkish sojojin da bindigogi cire daga jirgi. Amma ga mazauna birnin, da suka dogara kawai a kan nasu ƙarfin hali da kuma impregnability na sansanin soja ganuwar. Duk da haka, bayan wani dogon kewaye, da kare kagarar Mangup aka tilasta su mika wuya. A Turks halakar da kama garin, shafa fitar da kusan dukkan mazaunanta. Mangup Kale ya zama wani ɓangare na Baturke gundumar. Up har da 18th karni. cikin ganuwar da ya kagara ya soja sojojin da sabon masu. A sa'an nan da lakabi na Mangup Kale Turks kara da cewa, wanda yake nufin "sansanin soja".

A 1783, Crimea aka annexed zuwa Rasha. A wannan lokacin, da Filato, ya bari ya karshe mazauna. Kuma tun sa'an nan da cibiyar da zarar iko sarauta da kuma babban birni daina wanzuwa har abada.

A lokacin babban Patriotic War, da Jamus aika zuwa Mangup archaeological balaguro. Its nufin ya kafa burbushi na Aryan asalin Jamus mutane. A sauran ganuwar zuwa kwanan Mangup Kale ne har yanzu yiwu a samu da watsi da sojoji na Wehrmacht autographs.

hanya

Kogon birni Mangup-Calais aka located a arewa maso gabashin kauyen Krasny mayak. Daga wannan Locality to shi kilomita biyar.

A karshen batu na your tafiya ne Mangup Kale? Yadda za a samu to wannan kogo birni? Don yin haka, fitar zuwa kauyen Krasny mayak ko Zalesnoe. Wannan za a iya yi da bas daga Bakhchisaray ko Simferopol "Yammacin." Next, za ka bukatar ka bi hanya, wanda gudanar a kudancin shugabanci. Daga can, kawai takaice na wani wucin gadi lake, za su juya bar zuwa kauyen Haji Salah. Kafin wannan kauyen da kuke so, datti hanya. Na Haji Salah da zai tashi a kan wani tudu Mangup da ta arewa. Ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa hanya zuwa kauyen da aka biya.

Akwai wani zaɓi. Daga cikin tashar, "5th kilometer", located in Sebastopol, za ka iya isa kauyen Terovka. Ci gaba da hanya ya bi hanya T-0105 a wani easterly shugabanci. A gindin Mangup sawu jũya arewa. Ga shi wajibi ne su tafi tare da ita, da kuma, bayan da wani babban share, fara hawa kan Mangup daga wajen kudancin kafaɗar.

Hawa a kan tudu

Mangup Kale za a iya kyan gani, ta zuwa saman joists Taban-Dere Dere ko Gamam. More m Yunƙurin ne a kan hanya, wanda aka located a wajen gefen kudu. A ƙofar zuwa tudu, za ka iya ji dadin kasancewa a cikin m cliffs na wucin gadi kogwanni, wanda bauta don kare kai kawai.

A cikin minti 40 bayan da farkon hawan katako Gama Dere sawu zai kai ga hasumiyar, wanda aka kiyaye quite da kyau. Daga ta hanyar hawa steeply ga dama gangara na kwazazzabo, kuma kara tare da tsaron gida katangu. A kan ƙasa na birnin za a iya isa ta hanyar wani rami. A cikin tsohon kwana a wannan wuri, mafi m, akwai wata ƙõfa.

View daga Filato

Sabõda haka, ka yi kai da burin na tafiya, kuma ya shiga cikin ƙasa da tsoho Mangup-Kale. A taswira tafii da su, don taimaka Orient kanka. Don yamma na kan tudu za a iya gani wani karamin yanki arewa na bay na Sevastopol daga gudãna a cikinta da Black River. A nan ne kango na kagara Kalamita.

Don hagu na shi ba za ka iya ganin silhouette hasumiyar da zarar mallakar sarauta Chembalo. Don arewa na kan tudu falalen cliffs Eski-Kermen, wanda tafi da nisa fiye da tuddai zuwa kauyuka dake kan su.

Tsaye fuskarka ga kudu maso gabashin, za ka iya ganin majestic silhouette na Chatyr-Dag. A nasa saman babban kunya daga cikin Crimean Mountains.

Tour na Plateau

A ƙasar da garin da aka ayi sama da wani elongated gabas maso yammacin form. Filato an sauƙi bayyane, m sassaka a cikin dutse kogwanni da kango na da zarar babban ganuwar da hasumiyarki.

Mangup a 5-6 ƙarni. located a kan ƙasa da babba gari. An located a kan Tekshli-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi. Da ɗan baya, birnin da aka fadada. Houses gina a kan sauran promontories. Wannan yanki shi ne a cikin ƙananan gari. Har yanzu baya da shi da aka zaune da headwaters na Taban-Dere. Sun kasance a craft yankin. Har zuwa karshen birnin zauna inda ba wanda yake zaune zama kawai Pine kabido. Ya yi aiki domin Mangup Kale kayayyakin yankin.

Kango na tsohon birnin

Mangup Kale (duba ƙasa photo) gaishe yawon bude ido a Cape Tekshli-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi kango na kagara. Sai ya zama mai high garun tsaron gida type, gina a kan gabashin ɓangare na ƙasar tudu wajen yamma. A ƙofar akwai kango na wani gini. Yi gyara ga karshe lokaci a cikin 15th karni. Don kwanan wata, shi mai tsanani lalace. A ciki gefen ginin za ka iya sha'awan da fadi da kofa da taga takware, wanda aka yi wa ado da wani musamman dutse sassaƙa. A nan, da yi ne mafi kamar fada fiye da wani castle. An yi imani da cewa shi ne wurin zama daga cikin sarakunan Mangup.

Ba da nisa daga Ƙofar ne ragowar wani octagonal coci gina a cikin 8th karni. Kuma a gabashin bango na ma'ajiyar Cape daura casemates kogon. Daga cikin wadannan, sauƙi bayyane hanya abu da babban ƙofar birnin. A wannan kogo akwai kuma daga yamma dutse. Sun kasance sũ ne zama dole domin ya buga abokan gaba daga sama, idan ya matsa zuwa cikin birnin. A m sau, da kogon da aka yi amfani da na tattalin arziki dalilai.

Daga fama casemates a tsakiyar gabashin dutse kogo coci da aka located, wanda aka ziyarci ta kare da kagara. The hanyoyin tudu daga kwarin Belbek sarrafawa tare da wata hasumiya. Ta kasance a sosai karshen kabido. Kusa da hasumiyar da aka gina barikin, da ƙananan ɓangare na abin da aka sassaka a cikin dutse. Top, gina na dutse, ya ba tsira zuwa yau. A tushe na hasumiyar ne a ƙofar, bayan da a can ne a bene abu zuwa manyan wucin gadi kogon. Daga shi zaka iya sauka a kasa, za a matsayin zaci a cikin wani boye kurkuku.

A kudancin tudu ne babban adadin kogwanni. Wasu daga cikinsu sun kasance Kirista majami'u. Don yamma na Gamam Dere bim za a iya samu a saura na Palace na karshe sarakunan Theodoro. A takaice nesa ne kango na wani Kirista coci, gina a cikin girmamawa ga biyu tsarkaka - Helena da kuma Constantine.

Vacation a duwatsun Crimea

Sha'awan da kuma gano kango na wani kogo gari located a kan wani tudu Mangup - ba wani al'amari na rana daya. Ga waɗanda suka yi sha'awar zama a tarihi taskõkin duka wayewar da yalwa sha'awan m kyau na halittarsa, a cikin kafa na hotel ne bude. Yana daukan baƙi duk shekara zagaye.

Great hutu "Mangup-Calais" (sunan da hotel) zai samar maka da duka wajen. Akwai aka bayar da wani ganiya hade da ayyuka da kuma farashin. Bugu da kari, yana yiwuwa ya zauna daga yau da kullum da matsaloli da kuma bustle birnin.