Magnetic Levitation: Siffar, halaye da kuma misalan

Kamar yadda muka sani, a duniya, saboda yanzu duniya domin, akwai wani gravitational filin, da kuma mutum mafarki ya kasance kullum a shawo shi ta kowane hanya. Magnetic Levitation - ajalin mafi dama fiye da nufin yau da kullum gaskiya.

Da farko, yana nufin tamkar ikon mysteriously shawo nauyi da kuma matsawa mutane ko abubuwa a cikin iska ba tare da na'urorin haɗi. Yanzu, duk da haka, Kalmar "Magnetic levitation" riga quite kimiyya.

Suka ci gaba da dama m ideas, wadda ake bisa wannan sabon abu. Kuma dukansu a cikin dogon lokaci wa'adin m dama ga m amfani. Duk da haka, da Magnetic levitation yi ba sihiri dabaru, da kuma yin amfani da sosai musamman nasarori a kimiyyar lissafi, wato cewa karatu Magnetic filayen da dukan abin da yake da alaka da su.

Quite a bit da ka'idar

Daga cikin mutane nĩsantarwa daga kimiyya, akwai wani hasashe cewa Magnetic levitation, an shiryar da jirgin maganadisu. A gaskiya, wannan lokaci da ake nufi shawo nauyi batun yin amfani da wani Magnetic filin. Daya daga cikin halaye ne Magnetic matsa lamba, shi ke kawai amfani da su "gwagwarmaya" da duniya janye.

Kawai sa, a lokacin da nauyi na jan da abu saukar, Magnetic matsa lamba da aka directed sabõda haka, an mayar da ta da shi a gaban shugabanci - up. Saboda haka akwai wani levitation maganadisu. A crux na aiwatar da ka'idar cewa a tsaye filin ne m, kuma ba ya mayar da hankali a iyakancen lokaci, don haka da yadda ya kamata tsayayya da janye iya ba quite. Saboda haka, ake bukata karin abubuwa da ba a tsauri Magnetic filin da kwanciyar hankali, don haka da maganadisu levitation sabon abu ya na yau da kullum. Kamar yadda cakosoban daban-daban hanyoyin da ake amfani da shi. Mafi yawa daga dukkan - lantarki ta hanyar wani superconductor, amma akwai sauran aukuwa a wannan filin.

fasaha levitation

A gaskiya, da Magnetic iri-iri yana nufin mafi fadi lokaci zuwa cin nasara da gravitational Pull. Saboda haka, fasaha levitation: a review na hanyoyin da (gajere).

Tare da Magnetic fasahar, mu ze iya kadan gane, amma har yanzu akwai wani lantarki Hanyar. Ba kamar na farko, na biyu za a iya amfani da su yi amfani da articles wani iri-iri na kayan (a cikin farko idan - kawai magnetized) ko dielectrics. Raba kamar yadda electrostatic da electrodynamic levitation.

The yiwuwar barbashi ƙarƙashin rinjayar haske a gudanar da wani motsi har yanzu jira Kepler. A haske matsa lamba tabbatar Lebedev. A barbashi motsi a cikin shugabanci na haske Madogararsa (Tantancewar levitation) photophoresis kira tabbatacce, kuma a gaban shugabanci - korau.

Levitation iska, sabanin da na gani ne yadu zartar a yau fasahar. Ba zato ba tsammani, da "matashi" - daya daga cikin iri. A sauki airbag samu sosai sauƙi - wani m substrate da wani jam'i na ramukan ya fadi na sukar ta su, matsa iska a cikin ƙaho. A wannan yanayin, da iska daga karfi ma'aunan nauyi da na magana, da ya hovers a cikin iska.

Karshe da aka sani zuwa kimiyya a wannan lokaci hanyar - levitation amfani Ft Irfan tãguwar ruwa.

Menene wasu misalai na Magnetic levitation?

Visionaries mafarkin na mai ɗaukuwa na'urar da girman da wata jakar baya cewa zai "levitate" wani mutum a cikin zama dole shugabanci a wani gagarumin kudi. Kimiyya ya dauka a daban-daban hanya, a mafi m, kuma m - an halicce shi da wani jirgin kasa motsi a kan wani Magnetic levitation.

tarihi Supertrain

Domin da farko lokacin da ra'ayin da abun da ke ciki, yin amfani da wani mikakke mota, yi (har ma ya jadadda mallaka) Jamus injiniya da kuma kirkiro Karin Zeyn. Kuma shi ne a 1902. Bayan da cewa, ci gaban electromagnetic dakatar da jiragen kasa sanye take da su, ya bayyana punctually: 1906 Franklin Scott Smith miƙa wani samfur, tsakanin 1937 da 1941. mai yawan kafa dokar kare mallakar a kan wannan topic ya Hermann Kemper, da kuma kadan daga baya Birtaniya Eric Leyzveyt halitta mai aiki samfur na engine a full size. A cikin 60s ya ma halarci da ci gaban sa ido Hovercraft, wanda ya zama mafi high-gudun jirgin kasa, amma da ya yi ba, saboda saboda rashin kudade a shekarar 1973, aikin da aka soke.

Kawai shida shekaru daga baya, a sake a Jamus, aka gina Magnetic levitation jirgin kasa, samun lasisi don fasinja kai. A hanya, aza a Hamburg, yana da tsawon na kasa da wata kilometer, amma da ra'ayin da aka yi wahayi zuwa da wata al'umma don haka da cewa jirgin kasa da aka sarrafa da kuma bayan da nuni, da ciwon da wani sashe 50,000 mutane na watanni uku. Gudun da shi, ta zamani nagartacce, ba haka ba ne mai girma - kawai 75 km / h.

Ba Fair, da na kasuwanci maglev (haka suka kira da jirgin kasa, yin amfani da wani maganadisu), shuttling tsakanin filin jirgin sama da kuma tashar jirgin a Birmingham tun shekarar 1984, da kuma gudanar da post domin shekaru 11. A tsawon kasance ko da karami, kawai 600 m, da kuma horar da a kan yanar gizo har zuwa 1.5 cm.

Japan version

A nan gaba, da talla game da halin maganaɗisu levitation jirgin kasa a Turai ya kwanta. Amma da ƙarshen 90 ta su ne rayayye da sha'awar a cikin irin wannan high-tech kasa kamar Japan. Da karkararta an riga an kwantar da wasu kyawawan m en, wanda tashi maglev amfani da sabon abu na Magnetic levitation. Sun kasance a cikin wannan kasar da kuma gudun records kafa ta wadannan jiragen kasa. A karshen su ya nuna gudun iyaka fiye da 550 km / h.

Bugu da ari al'amurra na

A daya hannun, da damar su m maglev azumi dabba ba a kanta: bisa ga lissafin theorists, suna iya zama a nan gaba to overclock har zuwa 1000 kilomita awa. Bayan su actuates Magnetic levitation da damuarn kawai iska juriya. Saboda haka ba da iyakar nata irin shaci abun da ke ciki da kuma ƙwarai rage tasiri. Bugu da kari, saboda gaskiyar cewa ba su taba dogo, da lalacewa daga irin jiragen kasa ne musamman m, wanda shi ne tattalin arziki sosai da amfani.

Wani da - rage amo sakamako: da Maglev matsawa kusa da shiru a kan al'ada jiragen kasa. A bonus ma shi ne yin amfani da wutar lantarki, ta haka ne rage tasiri a kan yanayi da kuma muhalli. Bugu da kari, da Magnetic levitation jirgin kasa ne iya shawo kan steeper gangara, kuma yana gusar da bukatar kwanciya da Railway layi jingine duwãtsu, kuma descents.

Aikace-aikace a Energy

Babu kasa ban sha'awa m fuskantarwa za a iya daukan tartsatsi amfani da Magnetic bearings a key nodes sunadaran. Su shigarwa solves wani gagarumin matsalar fara abu lalacewa.

Kamar yadda ka sani, da classic bearings sa fita fairly da sauri - suna fuskantar kullum high inji lodi. A wasu wuraren, da bukatar su maye gurbin wadannan sassa na nufin ba kawai ƙarin halin kaka, amma kuma wani babban hadarin ga mutanen da suka bauta wa inji. Magnetic bearings ne iya aiki sau da yawa ya fi tsayi, sabõda haka, su aikace-aikace ne sosai dace da kowane matsananci yanayi. A musamman, a cikin makamashin nukiliya, iska ko fasahar masana'antu, tare da sosai low / high zazzabi.

jirgin sama

Matsalar yadda za a yi Magnetic levitation, wani m TAMBAYAR: a lokacin da, a karshe, za a iya samar da sallama zuwa m mutãne cikakken jirgin sama, wanda zai yi amfani da Magnetic levitation? Lalle ne, anecdotal shaida cewa irin wannan "UFO" wanzu a can. Dauki, misali, India "Vimana" tsoho zamanin ko riga kusa da mu, a lokacin da rabo Hitler "diskolety" amfani, ciki har da hanyoyi na shirya electromagnetic daga. Kiyaye abar zane da kuma ko photos of data kasance model. The tambaya ya rage: yadda za a sa dukan waɗannan ra'ayoyin cikin gaskiya? Amma fa, ba ma mai yiwuwa prototypes a zamani? Ir shi ba ya je. Ko watakila yana da har yanzu ma sirrin bayanai?