Luka da Satin: wanda shi ne dama?

Yawa daga cikin mu tuna sanannen play na Maxim Gorky, wanda yana da biyu heroes: Luka da Satine. Kowace daga cikinsu kare ra'ayi, da kuma kawai masu sauraro za su iya yanke shawarar wanda shi ne daidai.

La'akari da hujja daga wadannan haruffa a more daki-daki.

A mãkirci kuma babban haruffa daga cikin play Gorky

A play "The Lower acan karkashin" da aka rubuta ta hanyar marubucin a farkon karni na karshe. Its farko farko, da aka gudanar a 1902 a Moscow Art gidan wasan kwaikwayo, sanya wata babbar alama a kan masu sauraro.

Ba ta kasance ba abin mamaki bane, saboda matasa marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo iya haifar ba kawai shãfe a tsirkiya tare da mãkirci, amma m images na leoyan.

Rayuwa labarin ya zama mazaunan wani doss gidan ga matalauta, mutanen da suke da kome: babu kudi, ba matsayi, babu matsayi a al'umma, da kuma ko da a fili burodi. Su ƙaddara shi ne mai ban tausayi, ba su gani batu na su zama, su nan gaba - shi ne kawai mutuwa da zullumi.

Daga cikin heroes aka kasaftawa biyu antipodes - Luka kuma Satin, da kuma cewa shi ya gaya wa masu sauraro, ma'anar asali na play.

matsayin da Luka

Albasa, tsohon mutum-baƙo shekaru 60, ya bayyana a cikin play nan da nan. Ya zo a cikin wani rooming gidan da kuma a nasa hanya yayi kokarin ta'aziyya akwai mazaunan.

Ya yi alkawari da mutuwa daga cutar Anna samaniya ni'ima ga baƙin ciki a kan duniya baƙin ciki barawo Vaska - damar fara sabon rayuwa a cikin wani m da sanyi daga Siberia, wani giya - asibiti inda zai iya warke, karuwa - wata damar samun soyayyar gaskiya, kuma haka a kan ..

Wasu mazaunan wannan wuri suna fara yi imani da kyau tsohon mutum, amma wasu daga cikinsu sun ƙaryata da labarinsa, da imani (da kuma wajaba a kirgawa) da qarya.

Luka Falsafa

A gaskiya ma, Luka yayi sauraronsa fahimta da m Kirista falsafar rayuwa: wani mutum dole ne duk daure saboda shi mai zunubi ne shi, a kan ƙasa cancanci azaba, da kuma bayan mutuwa za a bayar da su kasuwanci.

Wannan falsafa ne a gaskiya kuɓutar da ɓarna a cikin ƙasa, Allah canza a cikin wani iko da kuma m mai mulkin mutane, wanda kowa da kowa yana biya hakkinsa.

Saboda haka, Luka, da kuma neman ya yaudari m mutane kama a rooming gidan, da imani da cewa irin wannan rikici zai taimake su jimre da matsalolin rayuwa da. Luka ne da shirin karban zamantakewa rashin adalci a matsayin ba, idan akai la'akari da shi a sakamakon da ajizanci na dabi'ar mutum.

matsayin Satina

Satin - wannan ne kawai harafin rooming gidan, wanda aka ƙoƙarin kula da mutunci a cikin rashin tausayi da yanayi na matsananci talauci.

Da zarar shi ne mai muhimmanci mutum (ko da yake shi ne sharper da yar wasan caca), amma bata da matsayi bayan da farkon na girmamawa na 'yar'uwarsa, ya aka yanke masa hukumcin ɗaurin kurkuku ga wani ajali na shekaru 5.

Luka da Satin - sosai daban-daban. Suna bambanta ba sosai shekaru kamar yarda dasu.

Satin - humanist, a wuya yanayi, ya bai rasa bangaskiya cikin mutane, da ba ya son ya yi imani da zaki jawabai Luka, da imani da cewa kowane mutum yana da wani "mahaliccin kansa da farin ciki."

Falsafa Satin

Shawara Luka da Satin ta fara da cewa karshen fara musanta maganganun da tsohon mutumin. Babu, Satin ba bukatar consolation, ya kuma yana neman aiki. Yana da gaskiya - shi ne ba da Kirista falsafa. Satin kusa da matsayi na basu yarda, imani da cewa duk abin da yake a cikin hannãyenku daga mutum da kansa, kuma ba a dogara a kan ayyuka na wani iko mafi. Satin da bai yi imani a cikin dauwama na mutum rai, ba ya bukatar Allah, ya ce yana da "a kasa" ba, domin shi ne ya ƙaddara, amma saboda da suka yi abin da aka sani, kuma gaskiya, da kuma aka hukunta zãlunci.

"Shi ne gaskiya - akwai wani abin bautãwa mutumin free!" - exclaims Satin. Ya yi ƙoƙari ya gina wani sabon harkar kawai jama'a na free mutane wanda zai iya zama cikin jituwa tare da juna.

Feature Satin da kuma Luka ya nuna mana cewa mutanen biyu nuna da su misali ne guda biyu sosai daban-daban wurare, biyu daban-daban halaye domin rayuwa da kuma fahimtar mutum ta wurin a cikin wannan duniya.

Matsayin da Luka - mai tausayi, amma m, Satin matsayin - aiki Converter, aiki. A cikin play, da ainihin nasara a shawarwari tsiwirwirinsu Satine, saboda cewa Luka bar rooming gidan.

Shawara Luka da Satin: Sahaban dauki

Gorky ta play ya ji dadin gagarumin nasara tare da masu sauraro kuma saboda marubucin ya iya ji, kuma kai shi a cikin ruhun da lokaci.

Society ilmantuwa canji. Falsafa Luka bai dace da matasa da suke so su sake fasalin al'umma bisa ga sabon alamu. Suka yi tsayayya da mafi ra'ayin mazan jiya na mazan tsara wanda ya so ya ci gaba da siyasa da kuma ginin zamantakewa.

Satin rukũ'i, kuma ku kawai ya bayyana a bainar jama'a tsaga. Sun yi wahayi a biyu daga cikin wadannan irreconcilable matsayi da falsafar rayuwa.

Af, marubucin daga cikin play, ba shakka, mallakar karshen, ya raba da matsayi na adalashi, ga shi, wannan gwarzo ne abin da ya yi tunani. All rayuwata m yãƙi tãre da waɗanda suka yi kokarin wa'azi juna da ragowa da lenience, da kyawawan dabi'unsa da aka gwagwarmaya da kuma addini a wani girma a nan gaba ga kasarsa.

A gaskiya ma, Gorky kansa za a iya kira da "neman sauyi a cikin Rasha adabi," wanda a cikin rubuce-rubucen vividly isar da yanayi na fata da sabon rai ɓangare na m shiryayye matasa.

Mutane so ta yi watsi da monarchical na'urar, zai daina ikon da arzikin masu arziki sun yi imani da cewa za su iya gina wani sabon da kuma mafi kawai jihar.

A karshen, ko Luka da Satin ya unequal. A kasar, akwai wani juyin juya hali, da Bolsheviks kwace mulki, wanda, kamar adalashi, yanke shawarar watsi da addini a matsayin wani zaman naúra da nauyi.

Saboda haka cewa play Gorky gaske tabbatar da annabci. Kuma wancan shi ne baiwa na ayyukan Rasha wallafe-wallafe.