Littafi ƙamus na Rasha harshen

Domin mafi fahimtar abin da littafin ƙamus, Ka tuna cewa a cikin harsuna, akwai biyu muhimmanci Concepts - harshen da jawabin, wanda suke zuwa a iya bambanta daga juna. Harshe shi ne tsarin da ãyõyinMu, kuma dokoki a kan abin da mãsu alamomi suna amfani. Shi ne m at kowane lokaci ma'ana da ita muhimmi a cikin kowane mutum. A yau da kullum hira da mutum yana fuskantar wani kankare bayyanuwar da kuma aiki na harshe a cikin sadarwa tsari, watau mai magana.

Yana iya zama na baka ko rubuce. A karshen sa wani mutum musamman da tsauraran sharu, saboda kawai wajen isar bayanai ga wasika ne kalmomi. A bambanci ga real halin da ake ciki na baka sadarwa, rubuce-rubuce da za su iya taimakon kansu da ishãra, fuska, irin murya, da kuma karatu ba zai iya sake tambaya game da abin da rikitaswa. Saboda haka karin magana: "Abin da aka rubuta alkalami - ba sare tare da kawo a cikin tsari." A daidai wannan lokaci don ƙirƙirar baka kalamai mutane sun fi samun zabi da ya dace shiri na albarkatun ilimin harshe.

Duk da kalmomin harshe da na dokoki da wani harshe. Kamar yadda mutane da amfani da harshen domin daban-daban dalilai (sadarwa tare da abokai, abokan aiki da kuma masõyansa, halittar wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu, rubuta kimiyya articles da theses, da halitta na dokokin, kuma mafi), a fili yake cewa da nufin amfani da wannan manufa, ya zama daban-daban. Da farko kusantar da hankali ga shi ko da Mihail Vasilevich Lomonosov. Sai ya zama majagaba a ci gaba da wani "ka'idar 3 a kwantar da hankula", ta kwatanta su a matsayin "babban", "matsakaici" da "low".

Dalili na harshe ne stylistically tsaka tsaki ƙamus (gidan, tebur, cokali, zane, irin, blue, tafiya, gudu, tafiya, a, idan, da dai sauransu). "Low" harshen magana a yau ake kira (jirgin kasa, goofy, ci, ah, yeah) da kuma "vernacular" (dakiki, vtyurilsya, Mummuna da mai kyau da wasu up zuwa ashar).

Littafi ƙamus - kalmomi cewa Lomonosov ake magana a kai a matsayin "babban style." Modern masana ilimin harsuna, tare da wani conversational style ne 4 babban littafin style: aikin jaridar, hukuma, kasuwanci, kimiyya da kuma wallafe-wallafen style. Suna duk halin da amfani, in ban da tsaka tsaki, stylistically canza launin ƙamus.

1. Littafi ƙamus aikin jaridar style (musamman terminology: Chronicle wakilinmu, format, labarai portal, kamfanin dillancin labarai da 'yan adawa, da kisan kare dangi ikirari. Evaluative ƙamus: da avant-garde, anti-mulkin mallaka, upscale, fiasco).
2. Ƙamus na aikin style (kantselyarizmy: Subscriber, wani abokin ciniki ta bank account, ya kamata mai nema, da soke dokar. Aikin kalmomi: sakamako na ruwan inabi a tun; terminology - shirokoupotrebitelnaya da sosai na musamman: attache, ƙulla na yarjejeniya, to cajin).
3. Littafi lexicon na kimiyya style (sharuddan daban-daban: bambantawa shaida, lye, tsangwama, square tushen, phonology, m kuma obscheknizhnaya lexicon: oscillation kwatanta, location, abbreviations RIHMI, CAD. Haruffa: CuS, PbO. «Samar» Tags: gyara, niƙa, mirgina).
4. High art style ƙamus (poeticisms: ma'adanai, harshen wuta, ragweed, bẽne, gado, gafalallu. Archaisms da historicism: goshi, kumatunta, dlan, vizhd, rechonny; kasa poetic ƙamus: kruchinushka, Dutsen baƙin ciki, mils aboki, pohazhivat).

Littafi ƙamus, misalai na wanda aka bai wa a sama, za a iya amfani da baka kalamai, amma a wannan yanayin da bangarorin suna sane da irin kalmomin da phrases da waje, upotreblonnye wani qayyadadden dalili, kamar comic ( "Karanta wannan rubutun," "sallami!" ' abin da irin mulkin wariyar launin fata, "" To, masoyi aboki! ").