Kiyashin a Srebrenica a 1995: Sanadin

Kiyashin a Srebrenica a watan Yuli 1995, ya zama daya daga cikin mafi muni aukuwa na da Bosnian yaki. A cewar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya shawarar da birni da aka ayyana a tsaro zone, inda fararen hula iya amince hau fitar da zubar da jini. Domin shekaru biyu a Srebrenica koma dubban Bosniaks. A lokacin da ta kama da Serbs, sojojin halshen a kisan kiyashin. A cewar daban-daban kimomi, sun mutu daga 7 zuwa 8 dubu Bosniaks - kagaggun boys, maza da tsofaffi. Daga baya an kotun kasa da kasa ya gane abubuwan da suka faru a matsayin kisan kare dangi.

abubuwan da ake bukata

Kisan kiyashi na fararen hula ba a rarity ga Bosnian yaki. Kiyashin zama mai ma'ana ci gaba da wannan tausayi lura da abokan adawar su juna. A shekarar 1993, birnin da aka shagaltar da ta Bosnian sojojin karkashin umurnin Naser Oric. Kamar haka ya tashi da Srebrenica marasa cigaban tattalin arziki - a kananan yanki na ƙasar, sarrafawa da Musulmai, amma gaba ɗaya suka kewaye ta da ƙasa na Jamhuriyar Srpska.

Saboda haka, Bosnians fara punitive hare-hare a kan makwabtaka da kauyuka. da dama, Serbs aka kashe a lokacin harin. Duk da wannan kara man fetur zuwa wuta. Biyu takaddama sojojin ƙi juna, kuma sun kasance a shirye don nuna fushinsu a kan m fararen hula. A 1992 - 1993 shekaru. Bosnian Serb kauyuka sun kone. Total lalata wasu 50 ƙauyuka.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 1993, a Srebrenica kusantar da hankali ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Organization ayyana birnin mai hadari Haven. Don Dutch sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya da aka gabatar. Domin su an kasaftawa a raba database, wanda ya zama safest wuri saboda mutane da yawa kilomita kusa. Duk da haka, da marasa cigaban tattalin arziki da aka karkashin kewaye. "Blue kwalkwali" ba zai iya shafar halin da ake ciki a yankin. Abubuwan da suka faru a Srebrenica a 1995 ya faru daidai lokacin da Bosnian sojojin mika birnin da unguwa, da barin fararen hula kadai tare da Serbian teams.

Kame Srebrenica Serbs

A watan Yuli 1995, da Republika Srpska Army kaddamar da wani aiki ya dauki iko da Srebrenica. A hari da aka za'ayi sojojin Drinskogo jiki. The Dutch kusan bai yi kokarin dakatar da Serbs. Duk da cewa sun aikata - kora a kan kãwunansu daga cikin maharan, don tsorata su. A hari da hannu game da dubu 10 da sojoji. Suka ci gaba da tafiya a kan Srebrenica, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya yanke shawarar fitad da su da tushe. A bambanci ga Majalisar Dinkin Duniya dakarun kungiyar tsaro ta NATO jirgin sama kokarin wuta a kan Serb tankuna. Bayan nan, da ciyar da crack barazana a kan da yawa karami sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya. A Arewa Atlantic Alliance yanke shawarar ba su tsoma baki tare da kawar da Bosnian marasa cigaban tattalin arziki.

Yuli 11 a kauyen Potočari game da dubu 20 'yan gudun hijira taru a cikin ganuwar soja naúrar na zuwa MDD. Kiyashin a Srebrenica ba zai shafi 'yan Bosniaks wanda gudanar ya karya, ta hanyar zuwa da kare database. Isa sararin samaniya ba duk. Kawai 'yan dubu mutane sun dauka mafaka. Sauran a jira na Serbs ya boye a cikin kewaye filayen da kuma watsi da masana'antu.

Bosnian gwamnatin gane cewa tare da isowa da makiya marasa cigaban tattalin arziki za su kawo karshen. Saboda haka, management yanke shawarar fitad da Srebrenica fararen hula a Tuzla. Wannan manufa da aka sanya wa 28th Division. Shi ne mai 5000 yaki, game da dubu 15 'yan gudun hijira, da ma'aikatan asibitin, gwamnatin birnin da sauransu. D. Yuli 12, wannan shafi an kwanton bauna. Tsakanin Serbs da Bosniaks fara wani soja yaƙi. Fararen hula suka gudu. Daga baya suka yi a kan nasu don samun to Tuzla. Wadannan mutane sun m. Sun yi kokarin kiyaye hanyoyi bypassing, domin kada su yi tuntuɓe a kan Serbian wuraren binciken ababen hawa. A cewar daban-daban kimomi, kafin su fara kisan kiyashi a Srebrenica a Tuzla gudanar ya tsere game 5 dubu mutane.

kisan kiyashi

Lokacin da sojojin na Republika Srpska, ya dauki iko da marasa cigaban tattalin arziki, da sojoji suka fara kisan kare-dangi na Bosniaks wanda ya ba gudanar ya gudu zuwa ga mafi aminci yankunan. Kiyashin dade kwanaki da dama. Serb raba Bosnian maza cikin kungiyoyin, kowanne daga abin da aka aiko zuwa raba dakin.

A farko kisan kare-dangi da ya faru Yuli 13. Bosniaks aka dauka zuwa Cerska kwarin kogin, inda manyan sikelin-yanke hukuncin kisa da aka za'ayi. Har ila yau, harbe-harbe faru a manyan barns na zuwa gida m m. Musulmi, wanda aka jiran sananne mutuwa, kiyaye a cikin zaman talala ba tare da abinci. Sai suka ba kawai wani ruwa kadan a kula da rayuwar har lokacin da kisa. Yuli zafi da maƙil dakunan na watsi da gine-gine sun zama wani kyakkyawan matsakaici for unsanitary yanayi.

Da farko kashe jikin da aka jefa cikin ramuka,. Sa'an nan shugabanni fara ware musamman dabara don cire gawawwaki a cikin wani musamman shirye wuri inda cikin babbar salla kaburbura aka hako. A soja so rufe up su laifuka. Amma da suka sami ikon boye irin wannan babban sikelin kisan-kiyashi da isasshen don samun bãya. Daga baya, masu binciken sun tattara da yawa daga shaidar da tashin hankali. Bugu da kari, jimlace shaidar da yawa shaidu.

ci gaba da tashin hankali

Kisan da aka yi amfani da ba kawai bindigogi, amma kuma gurnetin da cewa ya jefa wani barikin cike da kama Bosniaks. Daga baya, masu binciken samu wadannan warehouses saura jini, gashi kuma bama-bamai. Analysis na dukan abu shaida shi yiwuwa a kafa wasu daga cikin wadanda aka ci zarafinsu, da irin makaman amfani, da sauransu. D.

Mutane da aka kama a filayen da kuma a kan hanyoyi. Idan Serbs tsaya bas tare da 'yan gudun hijira, kuma suka riƙi tare da su duk da maza. Mata sun fi m. MDD wakilan sun fara tattaunawa da Serbs da aka rinjayi aika su fita daga cikin marasa cigaban tattalin arziki. Srebrenica ya bar 25 dubu mata.

Kiyashin a Srebrenica ya fi manyan sikelin-kashe fararen hula a Turai tun bayan yakin duniya na II. Mummunar sun kasance haka da yawa cewa binne su da aka samu shekaru da yawa daga baya. Alal misali, a 2007, an ba da gangan gano kabari na Bosniacs, wanda ya huta fiye da 600 a jikinsu.

Management nauyin da Republika Srpska

Ta yaya ne zai yiwu abubuwan da suka faru a Srebrenica a 1995? Domin kwanaki da dama a cikin birnin akwai wani kasa da kasa kallo. Suna iya akalla rubanya bayani game da abin da ya faru ga dukan duniya. Yana da muhimmanci cewa jita-jita, da kashe-kashen da suka fara tace fita kawai 'yan kwanaki bayan da ya faru. Babu daya da babu bayani game da abin da ya sikelin da kisan kiyashin a Srebrenica. A dalilai domin wannan ya ta'allaka ne a cikin kai tsaye taimaka mãsu laifi da hukumomi na Republika Srpska.

Lokacin da Yugoslav wars ne a bãyanmu da kasashen turai sun kafa yanayin Belgrade extradite Radovan Karadzic da kotun kasa da kasa. Ya kasance shugaban Republika Srpska da shugaban jami'an, saboda wanda ya fara kashe a Srebrenica. Hotuna da wannan mutumin ko da yaushe samun a shafukan of Western jaridu. Domin bayani game da shi da aka ayyana wata babbar lada na biyar dala miliyan.

Karadzic kama kawai shekaru masu yawa daga baya. Game da shekaru 10 ya zauna a Belgrade, canja sunansa da kuma bayyanar. Tsohon dan siyasa da kuma soja yin fim a kananan Apartment a Yuri Gagarin Street da kuma aiki a matsayin likita. Hukumomin leken asirin gudanar ya isa gudun hijira kawai saboda kiran waya daga wani makwabcin hijira. Belgradets rika duba a unacknowledged saboda ya m kama Karadzic. A shekarar 2016 ya yanke masa hukuncin shekaru 40 a kurkuku a kan zargin da shirya taro tsõro da farar hula Bosniak yawan jama'a da kuma sauran laifukan yaki.

musu da laifukan

A farkon kwanaki bayan da bala'i ya faru da Bosnian Serb janar ƙaryata game da manyan sikelin-yanke hukuncin kisa. Yana aika a hukumar wadda aka gudanar da bincike da events in Srebrenica a watan Yuli 1995. A rahoton, magana game da daruruwan matattu fursunoni.

Karadzic ta gwamnati da aka sa'an nan tsaya tare da version cewa Bosnian sojojin kokarin karya ta encirclement kuma tserewa zuwa Tuzla. Gawarwakin wadanda aka kashe a cikin wadannan fadace-fadace Serb abokan adawar nuna matsayin shaida na "kisan kare dangi". Kiyashin a Srebrenica a 1995 aka ba a gane ta da Jamhuriyar Srpska. Makasudin gudanar da bincike a kan ƙasa fara kawai bayan ƙarshen Bosnian yaki. Up zuwa wannan lokaci da marasa cigaban tattalin arziki ci gaba da za a sarrafawa da awaren.

Ko da yake a yau da kisan kiyashin a Srebrenica a Yuli 1995 Allah wadai da Serbian hukumomi, da na yanzu na Shugaban kasa ya ki ya gane da kisan kare dangi da ya faru. A cewar Tomislav Nikolic, jihar dole sami cin zarafin da kuma azabtar da su. Duk da haka, ya yi imanin cewa wording "kisan kare dangi" zai zama ba daidai ba. A Belgrade, rayayye aiki tare da kotun kasa da kasa. Extradition Kotun The Hague ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci da yanayi na hada da Serbia a cikin Tarayyar Turai. Matsalar da hadewa da wannan kasa a general "iyali" na Old World sun kasa warware for baya 'yan shekaru. A wannan yanayin, da makwabtaka da Croatia shiga cikin EU a shekarar 2013, ko da yake shi ma ya shafi Balkan yaƙe-yaƙe da obscurantism zubar da jini.

siyasa abubuwan

Munin kisan kiyashin a Srebrenica a 1995 ya kai tsaye na siyasa sakamakon. Kama Serb yankunan karkashin iko da MDD, ya kai ga farkon na NATO harin bom a Republika Srpska. A baki na Arewa Atlantic Alliance a gaggauta kammala yaki. A shekarar 1996, Bosniaks, Serbs da Croats hannu da Dayton ya haɗu da ya kare da jini Bosnian yaki.

Ko da yake kisan kiyashin a Srebrenica a 1995, akwai riga mai dogon lokaci, da amsa kuwwa na waɗanda events har yanzu ba a duniya siyasa. A shekarar 2015 wani taron da kwamitin sulhu na MDD, inda wani daftarin ƙuduri a kan bala'i a cikin Bosnian marasa cigaban tattalin arziki da aka dauke. UK samarwa don gane da kisan kiyashin da na Musulmi kisan kare dangi. Wannan shirin da aka ma goyan bayan da Amurka da kuma Faransa. China kaurace. Rasha saɓa wa ƙudurin da kujerar naƙi da shi. Kremlin jami'ai a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya bayyana wannan mataki da cewa ma kaifi kima na abubuwan da suka faru a Bosnia zai iya haifar da wani zagaye na Inter-kabilanci rikici a yankin Balkans a yau. Duk da haka, wording "kisan kare dangi" har yanzu ana amfani a wasu lokutta (misali, da Hague kotun).

Srebrenica bayan da yaki

A shekarar 2003, shugaban kasar Amurka a shekarar 1993 - 2001. Bill Clinton da kaina zo zuwa Srebrenica bude da tunawa da wadanda ke fama da laifukan yaki. Shi ya sanya yanke shawara a lokacin da yaƙe-yaƙe a cikin Balkans. A kowace shekara da tunawa ne ziyarci da dubban Bosniaks - dangi wadanda aka kashe da kuma raunata da kuma sauki countrymen. Har ma da wadanda mazauna wanda ba kai tsaye shafi cikin kisan kiyashin, sun sane da fahimtar munin yaki. Kazamin rikici keta dukan ƙasar na Bosnia, ba tare da togiya. Kiyashin a Srebrenica a watan Yuli 1995 ne kawai ya culmination na kabilanci adawa.

A birni samu da sunan da daga gida ma'adinai adibas. Game da Azurfa da aka sani da tsoho Romawa. Bosnia ya kasance wani matalauci kasar da kuma maras ban sha'awa sasanninta (a Habsburgs a Ottoman Empire da t. D.). Srebrenica domin shi ga mutane da yawa ƙarni zama daya daga cikin mafi saba da wani dadi a birane. Bayan yakin basasa, wannan ƙasa bar kusan dukan mazaunan (duka Bosnians da Serbs).

A fitina daga cikin masu laifin

The kotun kasa da kasa ta samu da cewa mutum sanctioned kisan kiyashi da aka Janar Ratko da ake sauraren karar. Tuni a cikin Yuli 1995, ya aka tuhuma da kisan kare dangi da kuma cin zarafin bil'adama. A lamirinsa ya ba kawai abubuwan da suka faru a Srebrenica a 1995, amma kuma kawancen na Bosnian babban birnin kasar, shan na garkuwa, wanda ya yi aiki a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, da sauransu. D.

Na farko, da janar rayu tabbata a cikin Serbia, wanda bai ba da kwamandan kasa da kasa kotu. Lokacin da Milosevic gwamnatin da aka kifar, da ake sauraren karar ya gudu da kuma rayuwa a ɓoye. A sabon hukumomi sun kame shi a shekarar 2011 kadai. The fitina Janar ke ya zuwa yanzu. Wannan tsari da aka sanya yiwu godiya ga shaidar sauran Serbs da ake zargi da hannu a cikin kisan kiyashin. Shi ne ta hanyar da ake sauraren karar sun duk sanda rahotanni, wanda bayar da rahoton a kan kashe-kashen na Bosnians kuma kaburburansu.

M Janar zabi wuraren da taro kaburbura aka haƙa babbar. Bincikensa samu dama dozin kaburbura. Dukkan su suna da ka sanya a cikin kusanci da Srebrenica. Trupovozki rangadin da tsohon marasa cigaban tattalin arziki, ba kawai a lokacin rani amma a kaka 1995.

ikirari

Bugu da kari to da ake sauraren karar for laifuka a Srebrenica da aka tuhuma da yawa fiye da membobin rundunar Republika Srpska. A farko a shekarar 1996, ya lokaci a kurkuku ya mai harsunan 'yan barandan Drazen Erdemovic. Ya ba mai yawa shaida a kan wanda sahu cigaba da bincike. Ba da da ewa bi ta kame 'high-ranking Serb jami'an - Radislav Krstic da ayarinsa. Nauyi ya ba kawai sirri. A shekarar 2003, sabuwar gwamnatin na Jamhuriyar Srpska, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare na Bosnia da Herzegovina, ya amsa laifin a kisan kiyashin na farar hula Bosnian yawan jama'a. A cikin 90s akwai wani yaki tare da musulmi, tare da gudummawar Belgrade. Independent na Serbia, ta hanyar da majalisar dokokin kasar a shekarar 2010 kuma yi Allah wadai da kisan gila.

Yana da ban sha'awa cewa Hague kotun ba ta bar ba tare da sakamakon connivance na Dutch sojojin kiyaye zaman lafiya, aka located a kan tushe kusa wuraren zubar da jini. Kanar Karremants aka zargi cewa ya ba da wani ɓangare na Bosnian 'yan gudun hijira, da sanin cewa su za a kashe Serbs. Fiye da biyu shekarun da suka gabata na iyaka matakai da zaman kotu da aka tattara muhimmanci shaida tushe daga waɗanda kisan-kiyashi. Alal misali, a shekarar 2005, godiya ga search for Serbian kare hakkin dan Adam da aka samu kuma aka buga da video, wanda aka rubuta da hujjojin da na yanke hukuncin kisa.