Kazan Kremlin, Tatarstan: description, tarihi, gine

A kasar mu da yawa ban sha'awa da kuma tunawa wuraren da cewa domin ganin dukkan su, bai isa ba rai. Yau za mu je Tatarstan. Landmark, wanda alfahari a babban birnin kasar na jamhuriyar - Kazan Kremlin, mafi tsufa ɓangare na birnin, musamman hadaddun na tarihi, archaeological da kuma gine-gine da Monuments cewa bayyanãwa da dogon tarihi na Tatar mutane, da tsohon birnin da kuma kasar baki daya.

A dukan hadaddun ne yanzu da Museum-Reserve, wanda shi ne tun 2000 a karkashin kariya da UNESCO. Kazan Kremlin (Tatarstan) - da main janye daga jamhuriyar. A sararin ƙasa a cikin jituwa Tatar da kuma Rasha al'adu.

Kazan Kremlin: tarihi, gine

Ci gaba da kuma shiri na ƙasar tudu inda a yau aka located da Kremlin fara yawa ƙarni da suka wuce. A cewar wasu kimomi, da farko shiri bayyana a cikin X karni, da kuma riga a cikin XII karni, da Kremlin zama wani outpost na arewacin kan iyakar na Bulgaria na Volga. A ƙarshen XIII karni shi ya zama cibiyar da Kazan Kremlin sarauta na Golden taro, kuma daga baya - da Kazan Khanate.

Bayan Kazan aka dauka da sojojin na Ivan da Munin, mafiya yawa daga cikin Kremlin gine-gine da aka lalace kuma hallaka kusan duk masallatai. Sarkin umurce su da su gina nan wani farin dutse Kremlin, kuma wannan karshen da aka aiko daga Pskov gine-ginen da suka gina a cikin Moscow St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo. Kagara ƙwarai kumbura, kuma katako kufaifan aka maye gurbinsu da dutse a farkon rabin na XVII karni.

A cikin XVIII karni, Kazan Kremlin (Tatarstan) ya rasa ta soja aiki da kuma zama wani al'adu da administrative cibiyar na Volga yankin. A cikin wadannan karni can aka gina da Gwamna Palace, ɗan jam'iyyar kadet makaranta, bishop gidan, ruhaniya consistory, ginin hukuma wuri. Bugu da kari, da Cathedral na Gaske Shelar aka gyara.

Bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin (1917) a cikin Kazan Kremlin da aka halakar da kararrawa Hasumiyar Cathedral na Gaske Shelar, haikali Spassky sufi, da ɗakin sujada a Spassky Tower da sauran musamman abubuwa. A cikin nineties na XX karni Kazan Kremlin (RT) ya mazaunin Shugaban Jamhuriyar. A wannan lokaci, za mu fara manyan sikelin-sabuntawa aiki.

Tun 1995, ya fara aiki a kan gina wani masallaci Kul Sharif. Yau ita daya daga cikin mafi girma a Turai. Kazan Kremlin (Tatarstan) - na musamman da daukan hankali misali na kira na Tatar da kuma Rasha gine-gine style. Shi ne kuma arewacin batu na yaduwar al'adar Musulunci a duniya.

Yau, da yawa yawon bude ido daga ko'ina cikin duniya ziyarci Tatarstan. Janye daga jamhuriyar, wanda ya haddasa mafi girma sha'awa - da Kazan Kremlin. Ya kamata a lura da cewa domin ya duba duk da wuraren, zai bukaci a kalla kwanaki biyu, da kuma yawon shakatawa kawai yana rabin awa. Amma tun da muka ba su iyakance zuwa, ganin gani na Kremlin a lokacin more.

wuraren Kremlin

Kazan Kremlin (Tatarstan) - Museum-Reserve, rufe da wani yanki na 13,45 kadada. Kewaye garun - game 1.8 dubu mita. A wannan sararin ƙasa located WWII Memorial Museum, da Museum of Islamic Center "hermitage-Kazan", da Museum of History of Tatarstan da sauran cibiyoyi.

Spasskaya hasumiya

A wannan hasumiya ne babban ƙofofin Kremlin. Gine-ginen Shiryai da Yakovlev gina hasumiya a 1556. A tsawo daga wannan gini - 47 mita. A square tushe yana da wani mike arched ƙofar. Octagonal bene ya arched clearances a kowane gefe da kuma shi ne belfry inda ƙararrawa kararrawa.

Ayi a kan saman tubali mazugi, wanda aka lashe ta a biyar-nuna star. A duk da haka wani octagonal mazugi located daukan hankali agogo. Sun yaba da Kazan Kremlin (Tatarstan). Ban sha'awa na'urar farko watches, wanda aka shigar a cikin XVIII karni, sha'awar da yawa waje artists yin irin wannan shirye-shirye. Wannan bayani da cewa agogon da aka shirya sosai m - a kusa da gyarawa da kibiyoyi juya da sauri.

A gargajiya analogue su canza a 1780. Watches, wanda aka located a kan ganuwar da Spasskaya Tower a yau, da aka kafa a shekarar 1963. Abin lura shi ne cewa da farkon yakin chimes fari ganuwar hankali fentin a arziki garura.

ofisoshin gwamnati

Lardin ofishin aikin ci gaba da m na Moscow VI Kaftyrev. A gini bayyana a cikin Kremlin a karshen da XVIII karni. Akwai Staff (liyafar), kuma mai rai da dakuna ga gwamnan iyali. Hawa na biyu da aka ajiye wa wani marmari kursiyin dakin da Choirs ga ƙungiyar makaɗa. A tabo inda a XV-XVII ƙarni ya Mamallaki ta yadi, da aka gina a cikin tsakiyar karni XIX guardhouse.

Yau, a cikin tsohon gabatarwa na Office na waje Relations Sashen located shugaban kasar na Tatarstan, Central hukumar zabe da kotun sauraron kararrakin.

Transfiguration sufi

Kazan Kremlin, wani bayanin wanda za a iya gani a kusan duk brochures na birnin, shahara ga wani abu. A kudu maso gabas da Kremlin ne sufi hadaddun. A cikin hedkwatarsu da suke cikin saura na Transfiguration Cathedral, wanda aka hallaka a cikin twenties na XX karni. A gindin babban bango na babban coci za ka iya ganin wata kananan kogo, wanda tun 1596 ya kasance binne wurin Kazan mu'ujiza ma'aikata.

Brotherhood gini aka kẽwayesu da wani shinge na sufi. A 1670, zuhudu Kwayoyin aka gina a nan. Da yawa daga baya, aka gina shi gallery da taskar gidan. Church of St .. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, kazalika da majalisar na Archimandrite located a bangon yamma na hadaddun. The coci da aka kerata da Alexander Schmidt a 1815. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a lokacin da maimaitawa na ginshiki na XVI karni da aka adana a cikin ta asali form.

soja makaranta

A kan ƙasa da Kremlin ne wani fagen da aka gina ta a baya a gina a St. Petersburg. Wannan tsarin da aka tsara don gaban-line ayyukan. Yau da shi gidaje Cibiyar Wallafe-wallafe da kuma Art. Ibragimov. Domin fagen fama ne da makaranta jiki. Yana da aka halitta da m Pyatnitsky barikin ga cantonments.

Gininsu, an mika su ga sojoji a 1861, da kuma daga baya yar jam'iyyar kadet makaranta da aka bude a cikin shi.

Kul-Sharif Masallaci

A cikin tsakar gida na makaranta ne mafi kyau masallaci na birnin. Hudu minarets harbe har zuwa sararin sama da hamsin da bakwai mita. Capacity na wannan babban gini ne 1,500 mutane. Minarets suna fentin a sa turkos launi, wanda ya bada yi wani abin mamaki mai haske image. Bugu da kari ga masallaci, a cikin hadaddun hada da wata babbar bude library-gidan kayan gargajiya wallafe-wallafe cibiyar da imam gwamnati.

Taso kananan kyau gini da turquoise Dome, located kudu da masallaci - a wuta tashar, wadda aka stylistically nasaba da gine-gine. Kul-Sharif aka sake halittarsa a shekarar 2005. A kudi don ta yi aka bayar da ta 'yan kasa da kuma kamfanonin da babban birnin kasar.

Cathedral na Gaske Shelar

Wannan shi ne mafi tsufa dutse tsarin Kazan, wanda ya tsira zuwa yau. Yana da aka tsarkake a cikin 1562. The gine na babban coci za a iya gano yayi na Pskov, Vladimir, Moscow da kuma Ukrainian gine. Makovytsya kwalkwali, sanya, a gefen sassan a 1736 aka maye gurbinsu da kwararan fitila. A tsakiyar Dome aka kashe a cikin Ukrainian Baroque style.

A cikin ginshiki na babban haikalin gidan kayan gargajiya na Orthodoxy Volga. A kadan kara a kan shi ne Haikalin bishop, wanda aka gina a 1829, a wurin, inda ya kasance da fadar Kazan bishops. Kammala gungu na consistory. Wannan ginin da aka gina daga episcopal stables.

manyan bindigogi yadi

Bayan da masallaci da kuma wani makaranta na igwa Yard ne, a maimakon haka, ta kudancin yadi. Wannan shi ne mafi tsufa gini na hadaddun - aka gina shi a farkon XVII karni. manyan bindigogi samar shuka fara aiki a nan a cikin XIX karni. Kuma a bara, shi bakuncin sabuntawa. Yana fãra halittar da gidan kayan gargajiya na Gun Kotun.

A zamanin yau a cikin hadaddun gudanar m nune-nunen, fashion nuna collections, jam'iyya wasanni. Kusa da kudancin yadi za ka iya ganin wani ɓaɓɓake daga wani tubali gini a kan wani dutse tushe. Bisa ga zurfin abin da ya faru, wannan abu nasa ne da Khan ta zamanin Kremlin. A waɗannan kwanaki, akwai aka gina gidaje.

Gwamnan Mansion

Yana da aka gina a 1848 zuwa gwamnan Kazan tare da sarauta da bẽnãye for musamman baƙi na girmamawa. Ya directed aikin KA Ton, wanda aka sani da ya ban mamaki aiki. Wannan ne Ikilisiyar Almasihu da kuma Grand Kremlin Palace a Moscow. A wannan wuri akwai Khan ta farko fadar hadaddun.

A mi} a mulki dangantawa da gidan sarauta coci na biyu bene na fadarsa. Ta aka mai suna Vvedenskoj, gina shi a cikin XVII karni. Ciki da coci a yau ne gidan kayan gargajiya na tarihi na jihar, da kuma gwamnan fādar zaune da shugaban kasar na Tatarstan tare da iyali.

hasumiyar Syuyumbike

Wannan alama ce Kazan. Hasumiyar da aka mai suna bayan da Tatar Sarauniya. Da labari cewa, Ivan Grozny, wanda koya game da kyakkyawa Syuyumbike, ya aiki manzanni zuwa Kazan tare da wani tsari don kyakkyawar yarinya zama sarauniya na Moscow. Amma da manzannin kawo kin amincewa da m kyakkyawa. Fusatar da sarki kãma Kazan. A yarinya da aka tilasta yarda da shawara Ivana Groznogo, amma shi ya sa a gaba a yanayin: zuwa kwana bakwai a cikin birni ya tsaya a hasumiya, wanda tsayinsa ya yi husufi duk data kasance minarets.

Ivan Grozny cika so farka. A lokacin wani biki celebratory Syuyumbike ce tana son ta jefa a rabuwar duba garinsu tare da kawai da tsawo daga hasumiyar da aka gina. Hau zuwa sama da dandali shi ruga.

Outwardly, wannan tsarin ne sosai kama da Borovitskaya hasumiyar na Moscow Kremlin. Abin baƙin ciki ba mu ci gaba da samun bayanai game da kafa wuraren ban sha'awa.

Hasumiyar kunshi biyar tiers, wanda aka rage a cikin size. A karshe matakin - shi ne octagons, wanda aka lashe ta a alfarwa a cikin nau'i na wani octagonal truncated dala da spire da jinjirin wata. Daga cikin steeple zuwa ga ƙasa gini tsawo ne 58 mita. A baya karni, a can ya kasance uku maimaitawa, kamar yadda aka rubuta a drop hasumiya. Yau karkacewa daga tsaye capstan ne 1,98 mita.

Taynitskaya hasumiya

Kasa Syuyumbike located Taynitskaya ƙofar ƙofofi. Wannan sunan da aka bai wa su girmama na kurkuku, wadda take kaiwa zuwa Madogararsa. A kewaye da birnin da shi aka yi amfani da yan unguwa. A baya can, da hasumiya da aka kira Nur-Ali. Rasha mazaunan birni da ake kira ta Muraleeva. Yana da aka nike tashi a lokacin da Kremlin ta riko. Sai a ƙofar shiga gari, Ivan IV.

Hasumiyar da aka mayar, amma gine-gine datsa aka sanya a cikin XVII karni. Wane ne saman bene ne mai cafe "Muraleevy kofa."

Kazan Kremlin: balaguro din, farashin, yanayin na aiki

Guests da kuma yan unguwa Tourdesk Kremlin kiran ku zuwa stroll ta cikin gidan kayan gargajiya-ajiye, tare da wani kwararren sandarka. Tours aka gudanar a Tatar, Rasha, Jamus, English, Turkish, Italiyanci da kuma Faransa.

Daily bude ƙofar ta hanyar Spassky hasumiya. Ta hanyar Tainitzky hasumiyar da za'ayi ƙofar Kazan Kremlin (Tatarstan). Bude sa'o'i: bazara - daga 8:00 zuwa 22:00, kuma a cikin hunturu - har zuwa 18:00.

Yawon shakatawa ga kungiyoyin na mutane shida ne 1360 rubles. Tare da wani rukuni na mutane shida - 210 rubles da adult.

Yadda za a samu a can?

Kazan Kremlin (Tatarstan), da adireshin wanda - da Kremlin, 2, located a kan hagu banki na Volga. Ga iya fitar da motar № 6, 29, 37, 47, trolleybus № 4, 10, 1 da 18. Tsayawa "Buttfuck", "Str. Bauman "ko a kan jirgin karkashin kasa - dakatar" Kremlin ".