Kai: da girma da kuma damar kekunan shanu

A filin na zamani sufurin kaya kai ne daya daga cikin mafi m da kuma dace hanyoyi na kaya bayarwa. Kalmar "wagon" ya zo daga wani tsohon Jamus sunan ga wani babban wagon ga harkokin sufuri na daban-daban na abubuwa. A zamani ji - An rufe kaya trailer, Semi-trailer trailer ko ga harkokin sufuri na consignments na dukiya da cewa suna classified cikin sharuddan girma da kuma dauke da iya aiki. Weight kekunan shanun dogara a kan da dama sigogi kamar zane, yawan axles, girma.

Trailers da kuma Semi-Trailers

Trailer - propelled abin hawa aka yi nufi ga safarar Motoci (towing abin hawa). Ana subdivided cikin uku azuzuwan: trailer axles tare da daga 1 zuwa 6, ba tare da gaban aksali Trailers, kuma Trailers dissolutions for dogon lodi. Bisa ga makõma, akwai da dama iri Trailers da kuma Semi-Trailers: na cikin gida, waje, hukumar, dandali, firiji, juji, low Radlader da sauransu.

A general zane na darasinsa motocin kunshi wani firam da jiki, da dakatar, birki da kuma hada guda biyu. Fastening na trailer ga towing na'urar da trailer hawa yana ɗauke da kwance hannu (shaft) na daban-daban siffofi. Semitrailers hawa da musamman motocin sanye take da biyar dabaran towing inji (kujeru). Saboda haka sunan da motocin - tarakta. Lokacin da wani trailer ko semitrailer haɗa a ja abin hawa, da dukan yi ne ake kira hanya jirgin kasa (wagon).

The main iri manyan motoci da kuma Trailers

Volume da kuma iya aiki kekunan shanun dogara da iri da kuma manufa:

• Semitrailer. Mafi na kowa irin. Dace da mafi iri kaya sufuri. Dangane da jiki tsarin damar loading da Ana saukewa daga saman, gefe da kuma raya. Amfani girma na 60 zuwa 92 m ^3. Lori Weight - 20 ton, amma na iya zama 25 m, kuma mafi girma, dangane da tarakta, da firam tsarin da yawan axles.
• Firiji. Semi-trailer ga kai na hãjar, wanda ya bukatar da zazzabi iko. Sanye take shigarwa iya rike a barga zazzabi a cikin kewayon ⁰ C zuwa +25 ⁰ -25 C. A dangane da ƙarin man fetur amfani bukata yi aiki da refrigeration naúrar aiki a firiji semitrailer ne mafi tsada da ta 10-25% idan aka kwatanta da sauran iri manyan motoci. Domestic kaya girma na 60 zuwa 92 m ^3. Dangi truck firiji 12-22 tons.
• Alaƙa abin hawa da trailer (s) - frame truck da daya ko fiye Trailers. Amfani girma irin wannan truck-coupler iya zama daga 60 zuwa 160 m ^3. Couplings ba su dace ga shari dogon lodi, da amfani da shi ne a dace loading da Ana saukewa. Matsakaicin load-truck jinkirta zuwa 25 m, amma ga mafi kowa quadrature hada guda biyu jiragen kasa girma na 115-120 m ^3, wannan darajar ba fiye da 18 m, a ra'ayi na zane fasali.
• Dandamali domin nauyi da kuma oversized kaya, da kuma yi kayan. Lori Weight 40 ton da kuma sama. Wasu irin dandamali ne iya yin tsayayya da nauyi na 200 tons.

karkatar semitrailer

Evrotenty, evrofury - curtainsider Semi-Trailers, mafi m irin hanya motocin ga karusa na dukiya. Babban amfani - duniya jiki tsari. Idan ya cancanta, za a iya cire rumfa frame gefe, wanda damar domin loading / Ana saukewa saman, gefen ta wajen musamman cranes da hoists. A rastentovannom tsari da kuma cire daga frame za a iya amfani da wani fili. Zurfin 30-50 cm. The girma da kuma siffar evrofury daidaita ga loading pallet (da pallet ɗora Kwatancen) biyu layuka na fadi. A amfani adadin, dangane da firam tsawo na 92 m ^3. Motsi eurowaggon, sun fi mayar da godiya ta zuwa ga versatility, mafi m sabis sufurin kaya kamfanoni. Weight wagon zuwa 25 m.

Isotherm da refrigerators

Tsara domin safarar kayayyakin abinci, Pharmaceutical kayayyakin da sauran kaya da bukatar gyaran wani zazzabi, da thermal rufi daga waje muhalli. Isotherm da refrigerators iya zama Semi-Trailers, kuma guda mota firam. Weight kekunan shanun dogara a kan zane na trailer (semitrailer), wato da kansa nauyi da zai iya kai 25 m.

Isothermal Trailers ba su da nasu refrigeration naúrar, amma saboda rufi iya dogon lokaci domin tabbatar da data kasance zafin jiki cikin kaya daki. Firiji manyan motoci suna sanye take da thermal rufi a Bugu da kari zuwa da kansa tsayawar-shi kadai sanyaya tsarin. A gaskiya ma, cikin firiji - wani mobile refrigeration (sanyi) jam'iyya. Dace da harkokin sufuri na zurfin-daskararre kayayyakin.

Lori manyan iya aiki

Matsakaicin damar kekunan shanun manyan iya aiki ne m fiye da misali evrofury, amma yafi hakan ajiya iya aiki.

Wannan irin hada da:

• Autotrains-coupler girma daga 110 zuwa 125 m ^3.
• Autotrains Mega - semitrailer tare da wani lebur kasa kuma babban tsawo (3.0-3.1 m).
• Semi-high-girma mahaukatan. Capacity karu da wani L-dimbin yawa bene. A wannan hanya duk kaya daki tafi bayan na biyar dabaran karusa zubar a kasa da RV na rage diamita. Volume: 96-125 ^M3, load up to 20 tons.

Taƙaitawa a kan size da kuma nauyi na jiragen kasa a duniya

A mafi girma canja tsawon kuma nauyi na manyan motoci a yarda a Nordic kasashe (na farko sun Finland da Sweden). M sigogi zuwa 60 m kerbweight (+ trailer load) da kuma har zuwa 25,25 m, a tsawon, yayin da girma ne 160 ^M3. A cikin wadannan kasashe suna sarrafa jiragen kasa, da suka hada da wani mota-tarakta, Semi-misali kuma tilas 2-aksali trailer.

Matsakaicin canja tsare nauyi 6-aksali lori CIS ne 38 m, a cikin EU - 44 m tsawon na Semi-trailer a North American kasashe ya zama kasa da 16.15 m, nisa -. 2.6. Similar gazawar tambaya a fadin kuma a Turai, amma ba mafi halatta tsawon 13.6 m.