Jihar Nature Reserve Zeya, Amur Region

Rasha ƙasar ne sananne ga halitta kyakkyawa. Don kare su daga mummunan tasiri mutum, kare sasanninta aka halitta a jihar matakin. Daya daga cikin wadannan wurare shi ne da Zeya Reserve ma'aikatan suka gudanar a kiyaye yanayi ne kusan m.

Location da topography

Saboda haka, inda ne Zeya Reserve? Da karkararta nasa ne Far Eastern Tarayya District, kuma located kusa da Rasha kan iyaka da kasar Sin. Administratively ake magana a kai a matsayin Amur yankin.

The ajiye bautar da gabashin ɓangare na kunya tare da m sunan Tukuringa inda mountainous ƙasa suka haye kunkuntar kogin kwarin Zeya, a cikin wanda girmamawa da kuma mai suna abu. Ba nisa ne da garin Zeya, yana da wani tsoho tarihi.

The ajiye yanki - kawai a kan 82 dubu kadada. Its topography ne halin da m gangara (har zuwa 70 digiri) da kuma lebur watersheds cewa mamaye bottoms na kogin kwari a cikin 400-600 mita. riverbeds halin da babban zurfin, yalwa ƙofofi rataye bãkunansu, kuma waterfalls.

History of halittar ajiye

Zeya Reserve da aka kafa a kan shirin na fice Soviet a fanning binciken kasa Alexander Stepanovich Khomentovskii. A general, da kafa shi ne har yanzu a cikin twenties karni na karshe, amma shi ya koma a gaba ne kawai a cikin sittin. Haihuwa Shekara Reserve fara 1963rd.

Its main nufi da kariya mãsu halittawa sa wani tunani site tsaunuka da kuma ta binciken. Bugu da kari, masana kimiyya suna nan wajen saka idanu da tasiri na Zeya tafki a kan halitta tsarin.

Aikin da za'ayi a cikin ajiye gandun daji Rangers, foresters da su mataimakansa, ne a kan kafar, a kan doki, da jirgin ruwa ko jirgin kai a kai duba da ƙasa wakkala a gare su da kuma ci gaba domin.

yanayin siffofin

A sauyin yanayi na ajiye ne moderately sanyi. A talakawan shekara-shekara zazzabi - debe hudu zuwa shida digiri. A cikin hunturu da zazzabi saukad da zuwa talatin da digiri a kasa sifili, kuma a lokacin rani da wuya lẽƙãwa vosemnatsati.

Winter ne bayyananne, malovetrenaya bushe. Snow da dama kadan, amma saboda low zafin jiki ne kiyaye barga, shi ba ya narke, kuma shi ne a ko'ina cikin hunturu, daga watan Oktoba zuwa watan Afrilu. A tsawo daga snow drifts a filayen da kwaruruka yankunan kai ashirin da santimita, amma kusa da sama, fiye da snow. Tare da kowane kilometer cover tsawo an karu da talatin santimita.

Spring a kan ajiye fadada iska, amma ruwan sama da dama ma low. da zazzabi da aka kiyaye isasshe sanyi. Summer Zeya Reserve mamaki baƙi tare da daukan hankali sabon abu - a cikin sama kai na kõguna a kan bango na ceri blossoms unmelted kankara. A general, lokacin rani a mafi sassa na ƙasa ne halin da mai dumi da kuma gumi weather. A cikin kaka ne bushe da iska. A kalla hazo da dama a watan Oktoba.

A kasa a ajiye

A kasar gona cover a cikin ajiye ba za a iya kira m. A gabashin ɓangare na kunya da iyaka da yankin na permafrost, kuma wannan yana da wani tasiri a kan ƙasa. Daskararre Layer ne ruwa, ƙarshe rufe mountainsides aka overdried kuma stony. A ƙasa depressions da kududdufai, a maimakon haka, a kan-cikakken tare da danshi, wanda shi ne ma ba zai amfana wa haihuwa.

kududdufai

Duk da kõguna da cewa haye ƙasa na ajiye dangantaka da tasa na kogin Zeya, wanda Zeya tafki gina.

Kafin halittar mutum-sanya teku kogin sãɓã wa jũna, girman hali. Movement a kan shi ya kusan ba zai yiwu saboda babbar kwarara kudi da kuma manyan yawan Shoals da kuma sashen kogin. Game da illar da tafiya a kan kogin nuna sunayen da sassa: Manyan da Kananan Cannibals, Iblis tanda, da dai sauransu.

Da zarar, a lokacin rani Zeya yawo ta bankuna, da kuma kusa da nan ƙauyuka sami kansu a karkashin ruwa. Ta hanyar gina kududdufai mutumin gudanar a hora da hankalinsa. Yau Zeya ne navigable kuma Yanã fitar da mai yawa fiye da amfani, fiye da da.

A duka yankin a karkashin ruwa jikuna a ajiye shi ne 770 kadada. M shi ne da wani kõgi. Akwai swamps.

kayan duniya

Kayan lambu ajiye zone ne wani dutse-tundra, boreal hadaddun. A cikin ƙananan ɓangare na kunya ne mai haske larch da sutura da Rosemary. kawai sama ne coniferous gandun daji tare da m dutsen ash, Birch da woolly dutse (ƙasa a nan aka rufe da kore gansakuka). kuma a sosai saman wani impenetrable bango tsiro mai rarrafe da itacen al'ul.

Wadanda gangara daga cikin kunya, wanda suna magana ne da tafki, halin da Manchurian Flora. Plateaulike watersheds matalauta itatuwan ciyayi - su ne a tundra wuraren da cewa an rufe tare da shrubs kuma ganye.

Reserve Zeya sani thickets Ajan spruce, wanda tana ta size. Bishiyoyi kai talatin mita tsawo da kuma na mita a girth. Suna zaune for shekaru hudu. Wasu daga cikin wuraren da fir da aka a baya hallaka da wuta, shi ne a yanzu overgrown tare da larch Gmelin.

Makiyaya da ciyayi a ajiye bit, kuma shi ne ma sau da yawa da sakamakon wuta, a lokacin da a wuri na ƙone thickets Ajan spruce Reed bayyana shunayya, da Sugawara.

A kunya iya kira Tukuringra yanzu mulkin fungi. Ga su sun riga 158 jinsunan. Wasu daga cikin su decompose matattu itace. Daga edible iri suna samu kamar haka: fari naman kaza, boletus talakawa, ja boletus, greasers, kuma larch rawaya agaric real, Saffron, Lactarius pubescens.

Lichens an same 155 jinsunan, kuma same ashirin-daya irin bryophytes. 637 jinsunan jijiyoyin bugun gini shuke-shuke za a iya samu a ajiye.

Shrubs mamaye daji Rosemary, Dahurian rhododendron, blueberries, Rosa acicularis, Spiraea talakawan kuma Tuddan. A dausayi da kuma rigar gandun daji da kuma spruce gandun daji akwai daban-daban sedges, aconite Lyubarskii, shamrock, Pedicularis Labrador, Volzhanka Asian, Maianthemum bifolium, wintergreen, fern. A bushe gandun daji girma gashin tsuntsu, buttercup Japan, Amur furen karnesha, Violet palmate, da dama jinsunan geranium, goutweed dutsen, aster Tatar, Kozelec haskakawa.

Zeya Reserve: dabbobi da tsuntsaye

Kafin halittar Zeya tafki bambancin da nau'in kifi a cikin ƙananan kuma babba kai na kogin ne quite daban-daban. Bayan da zoba na kogin Zeya hannun jari kifi, Grayling, whitefish, Chub sauri ki. Duk da haka, da ya karu yawan gudgeon, Dace, rotan da minnow.

A Reserve ta ƙasa hidima a matsayin stopover domin da yawa jinsin dabbobi. Bisa ga tsaunuka daga arewa zuwa kudu koma fauna daga Eastern Siberia. A kogin kwaruruka, wucewa a gangare, sun shige ta dubu mutane Amur dabbobi, wadannan, a kan m, zuwa arewa.

Zeya Reserve ne domin ta shahara feathered, wato na kaza, wanda aka gabatar a nan mafi alhẽri daga ko ina kuma a cikin Far East. Daga cikin mafi yawa jinsunan - Hazel takaddamarsu, capercaillie, ptarmigan da tundra, spruce takaddamarsu, da dai sauransu

Amma hoofed dabbobi ne ba yawa. Yana za a iya kira a muz, Roe barewa, ja barewa da kuma Musk barewa, da kuma ko da a sau zo boar.

A cikin ajiye ne tartsatsi Sable, ermine da kuma wasu sauran 'yan weasel. Wani lokacin da ta je a fadin wani Lynx. A gaba na dutse kõguna ga iyalan 3-5 mutane rayuwa Wolves. A duk altitudinal belts kowa ruwan kasa bear. A general, dabba duniya a kan gangara na kunya Tukuringra zalla taiga.

Kariya na rare jinsuna

Aiki a ajiye da nufin maximally adana rare jinsin dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke, wanda akwai da yawa.

Idan muka magana game da Flora, a cikin Rasha Federation Red Littafi suna hade, kamar lady ta sifila (real kuma macranthon) epipogium leafless, Paeonia obovata, calypso albasa, da dai sauransu

Daga cikin tsuntsaye ne rare spruce takaddamarsu riga aka ambata a sama, kazalika da kananan swan, Baikal Teal, Mandarin duck, da mujiya, shaho, black stork da sauransu.

Na rare dabbobi masu shayarwa iya bambanta predator, wanda shi ne shahara ga Amur yankin da kuma Far East a general. Wannan shi ne Siberian damisar. Wani namun dajin, kare a nan - Solongo.

yawon shakatawa

Ba za mu iya ce cewa Zeya Reserve touristy. Duk da haka, yana da wani kare yankin, da kuma gaban mutane ya kamata a iyakance nan. Amma waɗanda suka yi sa'ar samun a nan, a ziyarar da ajiye zai kawo mai yawa fun.

Hankali matafiya cancanci a yanayin gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda ya bude a 1991. Zaka kuma iya shirya wani yini yin yawo ko ruwa yawon shakatawa da ziyarar da Char.

Goltz kira a tsakiyar ɓangare na zangon Tukuringra, tattarã da dutsen tundra gandun daji da kuma itacen al'ul Elfin itace. Daga wannan lokaci na tudun bude m ra'ayoyi na Zeya tafki, picturesque kwarin da kuma The kashin. A sarari weather, da ƙasa daidai gani a nesa na 150 kilomita.

A tsabta dutsen iska, ruwan tekun Atlantika gandun daji, da damar saduwa a kan hanya ta dabbobi, kazalika da binciken da sihiri panorama yi Zeya Reserve ne mai tsananin kyau ga yawon shakatawa wanda aka neman karfi da motsin zuciyarmu da kuma yana murna ga ado da yardarSa.