Hydrobromic acid. Hanyoyin da shirye-shiryen, ta jiki da kuma sinadaran Properties

Hydrobromic acid (wanda kuma ake kira hydrogen bromide) - shi ne wani inorganic fili na hydrogen (H) tare da bromine (Br). Yana da wani colorless iskar gas, wanda Forms wani lokacin farin ciki hazo a cikin m iska.

Mene ne hanyoyin da samun hydrogen bromide

Saboda babban mataki na oxidizability bromovodoronoy acid, makamantanta ba za a iya samu ta hanyar mayar da hankali sulfuric acid don Alkali karfe bromides. Wadannan dauki auku:

2KBr (potassium bromide) + 2N2SO4 (sulfuric acid) = K2SO4 (potassium sulfate) + SO2 (sulfur oxide) + Br2 (bromine kwayoyin) + 2H2O (ruwa)

1. A cikin masana'antu da samun acid kamar hydrobromic, za'ayi da wani dauki a wadda bijiro da batun kafa abubuwa amsa. Alal misali, muna la'akari da abu za a iya samu kamar haka:

H2 (hydrogen kwayoyin) + Br2 (bromine kwayoyin) = 2HBr (hydrobromic acid)

Wannan dauki m at zazzabi na 200 zuwa 400 digiri.

2. Shi ne kuma zai yiwu a samu wani hydrobromic acid a cikin vitro kuma a hanyoyi da dama.

- by hydrolysis pentabromide ko phosphorus tribromide:

PBr3 (tribromide) + 3H2O (uku ruwa kwayoyin) = H3PO3 (phosphoric acid) + 3HBr (hydrobromic acid, sinadaran dabara)
PBr5 (pentabromide) + 4H2O (hudu ruwa kwayoyin) = H3PO4 (phosphoric acid) + 5HBr (hydrogen bromide)

- by rage bromine:

3Br2 (uku kwayoyin bromine) + S (sulfur) + 4H2O (ruwa) = (dauki yiwu a zazzabi na 100-150 digiri) H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) + 6HBr (hydrogen bromide)
3Br2 (uku kwayoyin bromine) + KNO2 (potassium nitrite) + 4H2O (ruwa) = KNO3 (potassium nitrate) + 2HBr (hydrogen bromide)

- wuce nufin da tsarma acid daga Alkali karfe bromides:

KBr (potassium bromide) + H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) = KHSO4 (potassium hydrogensulfate) + HBr (saki kamar gas)

3. Kamar yadda wani da-samfurin hydrogen bromide za a iya samu a cikin kira na gudanar da mahadi bromoproizvodnyh.

The jiki Properties na hydrogen bromide:

1. hydrobromic acid - a gas ba tare da launi da ciwon wani m da pungent wari. Karfi da smokes a cikin iska. Yana yana da babban jure yanayin zafi.

2. To narkar da a H2O (ruwa), da kuma ethanol samar da electrolyte. The mai ruwa-ruwa HBr bayani Forms wani azeotrope cewa tafasa a zazzabi na 124 digiri. A daya lita na ruwa dissolves kamar rabin lita na hydrogen bromide (a 0 digiri).

3. The aiwatar da sanyaya wani ruwa-ruwa bayani na hydrogen bromide crystalline hydrates iya shirya kamar haka: HBr * H2O, HBr * 2H2O, HBr * 4H2O.

4. Clean bromide siffofin lu'ulu'u na orthorhombic crystal tsarin, sarari kungiyar F Mmm.

5. A zazzabi na -66,8 digiri zama ruwa, kuma a - 87 digiri solidifies.

Chemical Properties na hydrogen bromide:

1. hydrobromic acid siffofin da maida martani da ruwa da karfi acid ne monobasic. Wannan dauki ne kamar haka:

HBr + H2O (ruwa) = Br- (bromine anion) + H3O + (hydronium ion)

2. Wannan abu ne resistant zuwa high yanayin zafi, duk da haka, a 1000 digiri game da 0.5% na dukkan kwayoyin ne bazu:

2HBr (hydrobromic acid) = H2 (hydrogen kwayoyin) + Br2 (bromine kwayoyin)

3. dauke lamba da sinadaran fili reacts tare da wani iri-iri na karafa, kazalika da kwasfan dirkoki guda kuma oxides. Misalan halayen:

2HBr + MG (magnesium) = MgBr2 (magnesium bromide) + H2 (saki kamar gas)
2HBr + Cao (alli oxide) = CaBr2 (alli bromide) + H2O (ruwa)
HBr + NaOH (sodium hydroxide) = NaBr (sodium bromide) + H2O (ruwa)

4. bromide ne ma a rage wakili. An oxidized a iska sannu a hankali. Saboda wannan dalili, ta ruwa-ruwa mafita bayan wani lokaci fentin a launin ruwan kasa. A dauki za a irin wannan:

4HBr (hydrobromic acid) + O2 (oxygen kwayoyin) = 2Br2 (bromine kwayoyin) + 2H2O (ruwa)

aikace-aikace

Bromide ake amfani da su haifar da wani (kira) na daban-daban Organic bromine Kalam kuma domin shiri na daban-daban karfe bromides. Na musamman muhimmancin ne azurfa bromide an yi amfani da a samar da fim na daukar hoto kayan.

Ta yaya ne sufuri

A cylinders 68, ko capacitance na 6.8 lita karkashin matsin na 24 atmospheres.