Hanyar kariya ga bayanai a fasaha ta kwamfuta

Ubiquitous sarrafa kwamfuta kiwata gaba ɗaya sabon tambayoyi da cewa babu wanda ya samu kafin a gaban zamani mai amfani. Musamman ma, dole ne mu san yadda za a kare bayanin da aka gabatar a cikin nau'i na nau'i. Bukatar wannan shi ne saboda amfani da kwakwalwa ba kawai a matsayin tashoshin kwamfuta na gida ba, amma har ma a matsayin mahallin cibiyoyin sadarwa na duniya. Alal misali, hanyoyin da za a kare bayani game da kwamfuta wanda ba'a haɗa shi da cibiyar sadarwar ta damu da maigidansa da digiri fiye da lokacin da yawancin kwakwalwa suke haɗuwa da cibiyar sadarwa ta yau da kullum. A bayyane yake, a cikin akwati na biyu, tsaro yana da ƙasa. Kodayake wannan ya gabatar da wasu bambance-bambance a hanyar da aka kariya da bayanin, tsohuwar makirci yana da dacewa, wanda tsaro ɗin ke dogara ne akan wasu abubuwa uku: hardware, software da sadarwa. A hanyar, wannan batu na gaskiya ne ga masu rai (sadarwa) da kuma musayar bayanai na musayar bayanai.

Software hanyoyin da bayanai kariya ne quite sauki - shi ne mai tsarin na samun iko akan kalmomin shiga, lists na izini masu amfani (IP adiresoshin da sauran identifiers), anti-virus aikace-aikace, bayanai coding da sauransu. Domin karshen-mai amfani da hulda da bayanai, kare da irin wadannan jami'an tsaro tsarin, mafi m da kuma Mai dacewa, amma tasirin su ya kamata a kiyaye su a daidai matakin. Matsayin kariya da software ke aiwatarwa, duk da bayyanuwar su, ba ta cika ba. Ya isa ya fahimci wannan babban jerin sabuntawa, wanda dole ne a shigar da shi kullum don kiyaye kariya a halin yanzu. Rashin haɓakar wannan hanyar da za a magance matsalar ita ce ƙwarewar software, wadda ba ta riga ta sauƙi ba. Bugu da ƙari, a wasu lokuta, yana yiwuwa ya rage aiki tare da bayanan kare.

Kariyar bayanan sirri na fasaha ya kasu zuwa:

- rigakafin samun dama marar izini .

- hanawa kwafin ayyuka;

- ajiyar muhimman bayanai;

- nazarin matakin kariya;

- ƙayyade ikon mai amfani-baƙo.

Hardware bayanai kariya aiwatar da wani mabanbanta tsarin kula da batun. Abubuwan da ke da kwarewa suna da sauri da kuma tabbaci mai ƙarfi. Alal misali, an ƙyale shi shigar da jerin masu amfani da suke damar samun dama ga ƙofar hanyar yin gyare-gyare. Har ila yau, ana amfani da maɓallin lantarki da yawa musamman sau da yawa musamman, tare da taimakon wanda zai yiwu a yi aiki tare da bayanan kare. Bugu da ƙari ga hana ƙwarewar izini mara izini, kayan aiki suna ba da kariya daga ayyukan da ba daidai ba suke barazana ga tsaro bayanai. Alal misali, idan akwai abubuwa masu mahimmanci na tsarin, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da ajiyar atomatik na bayanan da aka ƙayyade. Rashin raguwa a cikin samar da wutar lantarki, wanda ke barazanar barazana ga bayanai, ana iya sauke shi ta hanyar hada magungunan gaggawa, da dai sauransu. Ko da yake hardware bai zama abin dogara ba da software, wasu siffofin ba su ƙyale kawai tareda taimakon su don ƙirƙirar tsarin kare kariya ba.

A mafi alamar wani zaɓi ne na m data kariya, hada duka biyu software da kuma hardware tabbatar da tsaro na bayanai. Yawancin lokaci ba zai yiwu a nuna ko wane ɗayan ke da wata hanyar tsaro ba. Ta haka ne, duba na'urorin da ke gane mai amfani ba zasu iya aiki ba tare da goyon bayan software ba, amma, a gaskiya, hardware ne. Ma'anar kalmar ingantattun kalmar sirri ta ƙara yin amfani da bayani wanda, baya ga ruwa mai ma'anar kalmar sirri, yana buƙatar aika da lambar tabbatarwa daga wasu na'urorin.

Ana bada shawarar yin amfani da mafita mai mahimmanci, kamar yadda ya fi tasiri, duniya da kuma sauƙi a gyare-gyare.