Lambar farko ta Nobel a cikin tattalin arziki

Kowane mutum yana da sha'awar yin gwagwarmaya don babban nasara. Kuma a cikin kowane kasuwanci na motsa jiki da kuma karfafa wa kansu. Don haka, 'yan wasan suna mafarkin zinariya a gasar zakarun Turai ko kuma suna murna a gasar Olympics. Reporters a wildest mafarki ganin kansu a matsayin zakaran da Pulitzer Prize. 'Yan wasan kwaikwayo na tafiya tare da karar murya don zane-zane na kabilar Uncle Oscar. Masana kimiyya sun yi mafarki na tafiya zuwa Stockholm, amma ba don komai ba, amma don kyautar Nobel. Duk da haka, ba wai kawai likitoci, likitoci, likitoci, marubuta da masu zaman lafiyar suna so wannan ba. Wane ne wanda ya lashe kyautar Nobel a ... tattalin arziki ne kuma abin da ya faru a cikin shekara ta shekara.

Ƙarshe mafi ƙanƙanci

An kafa asusun Nobel a shekara ta 1900. Tun daga wannan lokacin, kawai mafi kyawun mafi kyawun abin da ke cikin duniya, abin da ya fi dacewa da duniyar duniya, masu daraja masana kimiyya suna girmama wannan kyautar. Lauren Nobel a cikin tattalin arziki sun sami damar karɓar shi kawai kwanan nan. Wannan kimiyya ba a cikin shahararrun shari'ar ba. Tun daga shekarar 1969, ana girmama darajar tattalin arzikin Nobel a duk faɗin duniya. Kafin wannan tattalin arzikin da kimiyya ba musamman dauke, da farko nasara kasance masana kimiyya: Norwegian Frisch (wanda buga ajalin yanzu al'ada hikima na macro- da microeconomics da tsunduma a sabuntawan a cikin "Great mawuyacin") da kuma Dutchman Tinbergen (lissafi, wajen qaddamar da amfani da zamani statistics a cikin tattalin arzikin ), wanda ya? ir? ira da hanyar na ilmin lissafi analysis ga tattalin arzikin kasar. Yana da nasara. Ya kamata mu lura cewa wannan kyautar ba ta kafa ta asusun ɗaya ba, amma ta hanyar bankin Sweden.

Yawancin kyautar Nobel Prize a cikin tattalin arziki

Babu shakka, kowane masanin kimiyyar da al'ummomin duniya ke nunawa nan da nan ya zama haske mai haske. Tun lokacin da aka fara bayarwa, fiye da mutane 40 sun sami sa'a (daga cikin 'yan'uwanmu). Na biyu shi ne Paul Samuelson - mutumin da ya fi dacewa, wanda ya kai ga zurfin kimiyya a shekarunsa ashirin. Littafinsa "Ma'anar Tattaunawar Tattalin Arziki" ya zama mahimmanci ga ƙwararrun matasan da kuma littafi na masana kimiyya. Duk da haka, ya aka bayar da kyauta ga canzawa kuma tsauri tattalin arziki ka'idar. An haifi Vasily Leontiev a St. Petersburg, amma ya zama masanin tattalin arziki na Amurka. Ya bincika matsalolin ka'idar "shigarwa-fitarwa", wanda ya ba da damar duba bambanci a wasu matsalolin. A shekara ta 1975, Rasha ta sake nasara a Stockholm - don nazarin ka'idar farfado da kayan aiki, Tjalling Kupmans da Leonid Kantorovich suka lashe kyautar mafi girma. Leonid Kantorovich ya shiga babban makarantar sakandare a lokacin da yake da shekaru goma sha huɗu, kuma a yanzu yana da shekaru 23 yana likita ne na kimiyya. Kwanan nan, masana kimiyya da yawa suna so su magance matsalolin da zasu iya taimakawa mutane ba kawai daga hanyar kudi ba - mafi mahimmanci - don hana matsaloli na duniya da ke shafi dukkanin bil'adama.

Me ya sa ake ba da izini ga masu kyautar Nobel a cikin tattalin arziki?

Zai yiwu, ba don kowa ba, tattalin arziki shine kimiyya kamar haka. Bayan haka, wannan ba alamar ƙwaƙwalwar gwaji ko tsinkayen mice ba. Wannan aiki ne mai kyau da kuma kusan kayan aiki tare da takardun shaida, kididdiga, alamomi. Matsalar kudi ba abu mai mahimmanci kamar yadda, ce, hanyar da za a bi da mutum daga ciwon daji? Amma idan ba don kyautar Nobel a cikin tattalin arziki ba, 'yan adam ba za su iya rinjayar da bayawar wasu ƙasashe ba, da yawa daga cikin alamu na duniyarmu cewa ba mu fuskanci kai tsaye, amma ba tare da rayuwarmu ba za ta kasance daidai ba a yanzu, ba a saukar da shi ba.