Halitta falsafa na Renaissance a matsayin ci gaba da tsofaffin al'adun

Masana falsafa sun dade da aka ƙoƙarin bayyana yanayin da ma'ana - Sa matakai abin da ke faruwa a cikin shi, da dangantakar dake tsakanin ta mamaki, to sami ma'ana cikin shi, da kuma babban ko primary akai. Wannan falsafa shugabanci da aka kira na halitta falsafa. A farko mataki na ci gaba da wannan shugabanci ya halitta falsafar tsufa, mafi hankula wakilan wanda aka dauke Milesian makaranta da kuma mabiya Pythagoras (pre-Socratic lokaci, VII-VI karni BC).

Masana falsafa Milesian makaranta da aka sani ga pragmatism da search for guda manufa yanayi a hade tare da m ƙirƙirãwa kamar astronomical kida, maps, sundials. Saboda haka, Thales yi ĩmãni da al'amarin da rai, amma yafi na farko abubuwa - ruwa. Anaximander kira bigiren al'amarin, "apeiron", imani da cewa a sakamakon data kasance saba wa juna a cikinsa (zafi-sanyi), duniya zo a cikin kasancewa. Shi ne kuma gilozoistom, cewa an yi ĩmãni ya ba da rai al'amari. Anaximenes wakilci na farko manufa kamar iska, da kuma Heraclitus - da wuta. Pythagoras da kuma Pythagoreans gan a cikin kwanaki sufi kafuwar duk abubuwan da su zane ainihi. Suka raba imani da cewa duk abin da aka juna a sarari, ba da rai, duk abin da - mutane, gumaka, dabbobi - suna da wuri da kuma manufa.

Sha'awa, da falsafar da cewa ƙoƙarin bayyana yanayin a irin wannan hanya, har ma da wasu har tanadi cosmocentrism tsufa, sake-fito a cikin Renaissance. Halitta falsafa na Renaissance ne halin da wani ƙoƙari na bayyana ba kawai hali, amma kuma a gama da Kirista falsafa da cosmocentrism kuma ko da pantheism. Irfanin da epistemological gabatarwa na wannan yanayin na tunani rightfully ciki Nikolayu Kuzanskomu, wanda ya zo daga wani baƙauye iyali, wanda ya zama wani Cardinal. Ya yi kokarin bayyana falsafar da kuma tauhidin na ilmin lissafi alamomin, kamar Pythagoreans, kazalika da substantiated irin ainihi of Nature, kuma Allah. Allah, daga ra'ayi Nikolaya Kuzanskogo - shi ne mahalicci, wanda suke guda m da kuma iyakar, amma Wadãtacce ne a "rushe" nau'i samuwa zuwa ga ĩmãni. Ya aka "bayyana" a cikin yanayi, sa'an nan da hankali zai iya fahimta da shi. Ya nuna 'yan ideas cewa tsammani a matsayin Copernican ka'idar, da kuma abubuwa na da Hegelian gabban.

Halitta falsafa na Renaissance, wani m Nikolaem Kuzanskim, da aka ɓullo da aka zahiri dangane Neapolitan Bernardino Telesio. Allah, ba shakka, ya halicci duniya, kasancewa na farko turu, zuba a cikin duniya, amma Ya transcends duniya, da kuma saboda karshen da aka mamaye da manufa na kayan. Duk abubuwa ne abu, ko da yake da manufa na materiality ganuwa. Dalilin da kimiyya suna kira zuwa ga san yanayin da yake zaman kanta, kuma shi ne kawai tushen ilimi. Nazarin yanayi, za ka iya zuwa har ga Allah. Ya farfado da tsoho hylozoism, dauka cewa duk al'amarin yake iya ji, kuma ya gabatar da ka'idar cewa duk motsi a cikin yanayi generated da gaban hamayya da juna.

Bernardino Telesio halitta a garinsu al'umma da masu bincike yanayi (masana ilimi da Telesiana). Za mu iya cewa da na halitta falsafa na Renaissance wakilta naturalists na lokaci, kamar Leonardo Vinci, The hanya na nazarin yanayi da tsammani da gwaje-ilmin lissafi Hanyar bincike na Francis Bacon. Bunƙasa wannan hanya na Galileo Galilei, wanda shi ne kamar Telesio, ya yi imani cewa, Allah ya halicci duniya ba, amma ya fara ci gaba bisa ga dokokin, kuma su yi karatu mai yiwuwa ne kawai ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen.

Masana ilmin Nikolay Kopernik, Iogann Kepler da Tycho Brahe, kamar mutane da yawa Renaissance Figures, ma, sun gudummawar da falsafar yanayi. Halitta falsafa na Renaissance gare su samman cewa aikinsa "A cikin juyin na sama jikinsu," ya zahiri tsallake da Earth daga wani sarari suKe, da kuma mutumin da "akida" cibiyar sararin samaniya, a saka Cosmos, duk da kimiyya paradigmatu lokacinsa. Ba abin mamaki a kan kabarinsa ya ce, "tsaya rãnã da koma da Earth". Kepler da Tycho Brahe shifran tabbatar da Copernican ka'idar da wurare dabam dabam na taurari da kuma lasafta dokokin su motsi.

Halitta falsafa na Renaissance ya gabatar biyu ban sha'awa Figures - shi ne Giordano Bruno kuma Paracelsus (Theophrastus Bombast na Gogeghayma). Bruno ma bai yi musu ba cewa Allah yana narkar da a yanayi da kuma, sabili da haka, Nature yana zama iyaka a duka jihohinsu (halaye na) - wato, a cikin ruhu da kuma a sarari. Saboda haka, dole ne a can ba kawai ƙasa, kuma amma da yawa halittu, da kuma Sun - shi ne daya daga cikin taurari. Kamar mafi yawan halitta falsafa, Bruno kuma dauke da yanayin da abu da kuma a lokaci guda mai rai da ke dauke da hadin kai na biyu ka'idojin. Paracelsus da aka yi, likita, falaki, da kuma alchemist. Ya, ma, ya gamsu da cewa a cikin yanayi akwai wani janar dangantaka, da kuma cewa shi ne mai rai, amma na yi imani cewa wannan dangantaka - "sihiri da kuma sufi" saboda zai yiwu daya key zuwa "samu yanayi". Halitta falsafa ya rare ba kawai daga Sahaban - game da shi shi ne almara da ya ke a Doctor Faustus prototypes a Turai wallafe-wallafe.