Girka ta most tsibirin. Mafi Greek Islands

Girka - aljanna a Turai. A kasar ta zama yadu sani na da arziki tarihi, babu kasa amfani da shi wakiltar matsayin kasa da kasa makõma. Ka yi la'akari da mafi babbar tsibirin na Girka.

janar bayanai

By kasa hada da fiye da dubu ɗari huɗu da tsibiran. Mafi yawa daga cikinsu inda ba wanda yake zaune, kuma su masu girma dabam ne kadan. The most tsibirin a kasar Girka, wanda akwai mutum ɗari biyu da ashirin, yayi amfani da mutane. Duk da haka, mutane da yawa ba rayuwa fiye da dari mutane.

A mafi yawan tsibirin a Girka - Crete, Euboea, Lesbos, Rhodes da Kefalonia. Su ma da most a yankin. Kowace daga cikinsu yana da wani arziki tarihi na fiye da shekaru dubu. Suna da tafi ta hanyar Yunƙurin da fall na dauloli, wanda yanzu zama na musamman kango na Ibada, manyan gidãje, fortifications, da gidãjen Aljanna.

Crete

The most tsibirin Girka idan hazo tana tattare a camfin da Legends. Yana da wani matsananci batu na dukan Turai. Crete bautarka 550 dubu mutane, ta yanki -. 8.336 murabba'in kilomita. A peculiarity na tsibirin ne cewa shi ne a tsaka-tsaki na Maritime hanyoyi tsakanin Afrika da Turai da kuma Asiya Ƙananan. A manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Crete - Agios Nikolaos, Heraklion, Chania da Rethymno.

A tsibiran a Girka sani na da ban mamaki kyau na halitta, da kuma Crete - shi ne ba togiya. Its kudancin tekun ne m, kuma precipitous, da kuma arewa - yashi da kuma lebur. Matsakaicin tsawo daga duwãtsu - 2400 mita, da su wani m adadin kogwanni - fiye da dubu uku! A cewar labari, daya daga cikinsu, Zeus aka haife. Deep ravines, m tuddanta, kuma kauyuka, binne shi a greenery na zaitun - duk wannan shi ne tsibirin Crete a Girka. A da karkararta za ka iya sha'awan da chestnut, itacen oak, cypress, Pine da dabino Ashtarot. A dutsen gangara an rufe tare da kyãwãwa sanya ganye da flowering shrubs.

kyautai yanayi

Top Greek tsibiran samar da har zuwa sau uku a shekara. Alal misali, a Crete girma lemu, peaches, dankali da kuma barkono. Kowane yanki na ƙasar sun shagaltar da free greenhouse, ciki wanda launi polutorametrovy furen karnesha ko hõre nunannun ayaba. Mafi na kowa zaitun.

Euboea

A na biyu wuri jerin "Most tsibirin a Girka" ne Euboea. Daga gaba na ta Kudu Thessaly shi ne raba Trikkeriyskim mashigar, yamma da Locris, Boeotia da Attica - Straits Talaktiyskim da Eurypylus. A narrowest batu da karshen wata gada da babban yankin na Girka, saboda nesa ne kawai 38 mita.

Euboea wadãta a cikin tsawon tsufa, yanzu shi ne na sha'awa a matsayin kyakkyawan makõma yankin. A total yanki na tsibirin - fiye da 3.600 square kilomita, shi ne halin da duwatsu ƙasa. Rum sauyin yanayi (bushe subtropical), ƙasa m kwaruruka. A kogin cibiyar sadarwa yana talauci ci gaba. Babban kayayyakin - ruwan inabi, da zuma, alkama da lemu. Very kowa lemo, da kuma mulberries (Mulberry).

Tsibirin ta yawan

The most tsibirin Girka mafi maida su ba kome mutane. Saboda haka, a Euboea riga a 1889 da yawan jama'a na dan kadan fiye da casa'in da mutane dubu. Kamar yadda na aikin kafofin, Helenawa sa up babban jama'ar na tsibirin.

Bayan rikice dangane da fadada daga cikin Ottoman Empire da kuma mamayar da 'Yan Salibiyya a tsibirin zo zuwa manyan kungiyoyin na mutane wanda asalinsa ya ba Greek. A kudancin yankunan Evia zaunar Venetians, da kuma bayan - arnauts Albanians da Turks. A tsakiyar zamanai da ke arewa maso yammacin aka swarmed da nomadic makiyaya romanoyazychnymi shafts. Halkis aka sanaki Gypsies. A farkon karni na sha tara da aka alama ta taro hijirarsa a kan Euboea karakachanov, Greek-magana nomadic kungiyoyin na unknown asali, da tsayawa tsayin daka ga Orthodox bangaskiya.

Don kwanan wata, tsakanin mazaunan Euboea fi na kowa Modern Greek harshe, amma a wasu kauyuka guda iya har yanzu ji da Albanian yare.

Lesbos

Wannan tsibirin da ake located in arewa-maso-gabas da Aegean Sea. Shi ne na uku a cikin ranking na "The most tsibirin Girka" da na takwas a size a cikin Bahar Rum (mafi Lesbos kawai Sicily, Cyprus, Sardinia, Corsica, Crete, Euboea da Mallorca). Tare da wani yanki na 1632,81 murabba'in kilomita. An dauke da babban birnin Mytilene.

Yawon shakatawa a cikin gabata

A farko ƙauyuka, wanda aka sani ga wasu, ya bayyana a Lesbos a farkon na uku Millennium BC. The mafi sanannun 'yan qasar na tsibirin ne Terpander - mawãƙi, aiki a ƙarni na takwas BC.

A karshen bakwai - a farkon na farko da rabi na shida karni BC, Lesbos ya da wurin zama na rayuwa irin wannan shahara kasida kamar yadda Arion, Alcaeus da Sappho. Godiya ga aikin na karshe sunan tsibirin shi ne tushen fitowan da wani sabon lokaci - " 'yan madigo soyayya" na nufin mace kishili dangantaka.

Ga wasu lokaci, tsibirin da aka gida Aristotle (kafin ya samu da kotun daraja na King Philip na Macedonia). An zaci cewa a karni na biyu ya rayu a kan Lesbos Tatius Long - marubuci, ya zama shahararren tsibirin a shafukan da labari "Daphnis da Chloe".

A tsakiyar zamanai, da Genoese kama Lesbos. Iko a kan ƙasa a cikin hannãyenku daga cikin HALITTAR Gattiluzio. Ya wakilan sun dauka da lakabi na archons (surori) na tsibirin. Su yi mulki daga 1355 har zuwa 1462-th shekara, yayin da a kan Lesbos bai zo da Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II. Kawai a karshen 1912, Greek sojojin retook tsibirin a cikin shakka daga cikin 'yanci aiki. Bisa ga yarjejeniyar da Sevres, ya sa hannu a 1920, ya zama wani ɓangare na Lesbos a Girka.

Rhodes

Wanne tsibirin a Girka mafi girma? Mun riga mun ambata Crete, Euboea da Lesbos. Yanzu la'akari da hudu area (1398 sq km) tsibirin da ake kira Rhodes. An located a kudu maso gabashin ɓangare na kasar da kuma wani bangare ne na wata kungiyar na tsibiran Dodecanese a cikin Aegean Sea. Daga Rhodes zuwa babban birnin kasar - Athens - ɗari biyu da saba'in da mil.

Tsibirin ne sau da yawa ake magana a kai a matsayin lu'u-lu'u da Rum. A da karkararta mai girma iri-iri na halitta kyakkyawa da kuma archaeological shafukan. Bisa ga shawarar da UNESCO tarihi na Rhodes shiga a cikin World Heritage List.

yanayin siffofin

Top Island na Girka iya fariya sabo lokacin bazaar, kuma da m winters. Kuma Rhodes ne Firayim misali. Akwai Rum sauyin yanayi, talakawan zafin jiki ne 18-20 digiri Celsius. Sunny kwana a tsibirin yawa - game da ɗari uku a shekara. A warmest watanni - watan Yuli da Agusta (29 kan talakawan), da kuma shaawa - Disamba, Janairu, Fabrairu da Maris (+ 9-11 digiri).

Al'adu da kuma Art of tsufa

Mutane da yawa ƙarni Rhodes taka rawa a matsayin wani muhimmin ciniki tashar jiragen ruwa a gabashin Rum. Island matukar yin tasiri a tarihin yankin, a lokacin da yake heyday musamman ci gaba ya kasance art da kuma wallafe-wallafe. Da ta kai ta apogee zanen, falsafa, kimiyyar lissafi, taurari, labarin kasa, da sassaka.

Abin baƙin ciki, har zuwa yanzu mun ba kai Rhodes Masterpieces na zanen. Kawai tushen bayanai - zamanin d rubuce-rubucen. Su za a iya samu ambaci aiki na da yawa talented artists.

Fiye da aka sani game da tukwane. A archaeological Museum of Rhodes ya wakilci haske misalai na wannan art. Hankula kayayyakin gargajiya na cewa lokaci - tasoshi, wanda ya siffanta awakin jeji, barewa, da griffins, cike da koyaswa flower tutocin furanni da kuma anfemiev.

Sassaka, ma, ya kai wani musamman matakin na ci gaba ne a Rhodes. Local sana'a sun yi amfani a cikin aikin da kalmar sirri, ba marmara. A karo na biyar karni BC, shi kafa mai zaman kanta sculptural makaranta a tsibirin. A Hellenistic lokaci shi ne mafi muhimmanci a cikin Gabas da kuma daya daga cikin mafi shahara a Girka. A wannan zamanin a tsibirin shi ma'aikata game da ɗari da talatin da iyayengijinsu a cikin filin na birane talatin. Daga cikin mafi shaharar su ne Briaskida daga Athens da kuma Lysippos na Sicyon.

Rhodes rayu kuma ya yi aiki mawãƙi Afaloni da Aristippus Kirensk - Falsafa, dalibi na Socrates. Ta kafa Aeschines na Athens a tsibirin makaranta na oratory. Mutane da yawa Rhodians nasara a falsafa. Daga cikin su Panetay, Evdem.

"Daskararre music"

The gine-gine da bayyanar da wani yanki ne kai tsaye dogara a kan ilimin halittar jiki na da karkararta, da tarihi da kuma Gwargwadon wuri.

Kwaminonin kasu kashi Rhodes located shiga cikin tsibirin kuma seaside. A karshen hada da birnin Rhodes da Lind. An gina a cikin siffar wani amphitheater, wanda fariya ban mamaki ra'ayoyi kan al'arshi na ruwa surface.

Amma ga ƙauyuka a cikin m yankunan na tsibirin, da alãmarsu, suka da ake bukata don bukatar kare gida yawan yaƙi da akai harin na yan fashin teku a lokacin da Byzantine lokaci, kuma bayan da kama na Konstantinoful da Turks. Saboda haka, mutane sun zaba wa rayuwa wuraren da cewa ba za a iya gani daga cikin tẽku, kananan filayen, hillsides da duwãtsu, kwari da wuraren a kan bankunan na gudãna. Mafi yawa daga cikin sababbin matsugunai aka garu. Stone, duniya da kuma itace amfani a gina gidaje da kuma birãnensu, amma tsibirin ya isa.

Kefalonia

Wannan tsibirin - mafi girma na Ionian. Its sunan zo daga sunan mullet - gwarzo na Girkanci mythology. Akwai wani version. Saboda haka, an yi imani da cewa kalmar "Kefalonia" za a iya fassara a matsayin "Tsibirin tare da kai", da kuma shi ake dangantawa da sunan Kefalus dutse.

Gwargwadon bayanai

A wabtansu ne tsibiran - Zakynthos da Gesso. Enos Mountain - tsororuwar Kefalonia (1628 mita), yankin - 781 murabba'in kilomita. A administrative cibiyar da kuma mafi girma a birnin - Argostoli. Kefalonia aka located a kan girgizar kasa-yiwuwa yankin. Mafi yawa daga cikin tsibirin buga da girgizar kasa a 1953. A sakamakon haka, mafi yawan kauyuka da aka halakar da kuma dukan biranen. Yana tsira kawai arewacin gari - Fiscardo.

A kadan tarihi

Duk da Girka ta most tsibirin, sunan da kuma bayanin da muka gabatar a sama, an kafa dubban shekaru da suka wuce. Saboda haka, masana tarihi da kuma archaeologists sun gano cewa, mutane suka fara gano Kefalonia a lokacin da Paleolithic. A farko da aka sani mazaunan - Greek kabilar Leleges. Da suka je wa tsibirin a cikin karni na sha biyar BC. A halin yanzu, da talatin da biyar da mutane dubu rayuwa a yankin. Majiɓinci, kuma m na tsibirin da ake gani a saint Gerasima Kefaloniyskogo.

kai cibiyar sadarwa

Tsibirin aiki tare da filin jirgin sama titin jiragen sama 2.4 kilomita. An located game da goma kilomita daga garin Argostoli. Babban hanya - "Kefalonia - Athens." Bugu da kari, da filin jirgin sama na'am da yawa shatan flights daga ko'ina Turai.

Daga mai tashar jiragen ruwa a kan tekun gabas, na yau da kullum ferries zuwa ɓangaren duniya. Saboda haka, daga tashar jiragen ruwa na Poros sanya mararraba zuwa yamma Peloponnese, kuma daga kansu, - in Patras.

Kefaloniytsy ya dade da aka tsunduma a seafaring. Mutane da yawa ƙarni da suka wuce, shi ya kawo kyau ya dawo. Kamar yadda ya tabbatar da farfado da Ethnographic Museum, mazaunan wannan tsibirin sun arziki mutane. Na tafiya, sai suka kawo gida tsada gaye furniture, jita-jita, da tufafi, da art abubuwa. Wasu zamani kefaloniytsami shi shirya manyan shipping kamfanoni.

abubuwan al'ajabi yanayi

Tsibirin ne domin ta shahara ma'aunan kasa mamaki da za a iya lura saboda tectonic matakai faruwa a baya. Saboda haka, a gaske musamman sabon abu faruwa a wani wuri da ake kira Katavores: ton na marine ruwan ci gaba da boye a karkashin kasa, ya wuce ta cikin peculiar karkashin kasa da rami goma sha bakwai kilomita tsawo da kuma ja da surface, fadowa cikin ƙorama Melissani da Karavomylos.

A Kefalonian kogo Drogarati kide. Godiya ga mai kyau acoustics a lokaci guda, mutane takwas iya ji dadin sauti na kyau music tsakanin stalagmites da stalactites.

Enos Mountain Range - a kasa hali ajiye. A da karkararta za ka iya ganin mutane da yawa rare shuke-shuke da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi, ciki har da rare jinsunan violets da orchids. Mountain tanada ga mafi part rufe duhu kore Pine itatuwa, da itace daga abin da aka yi amfani da shiri na jiragen ruwa.

fauna

A tsibirin gida ce rare jinsin dabbobi. Daya daga cikin mafi girma a kunkuru - Caretta - shi ne a karkashin jihar kariya. Wakilai na namun dajin sa su qwai a cikin yashi rairayin bakin teku ajiye a garin Munda.

ƙarshe

The most tsibirin Girka, da jerin abin da aka nuna a sama, suna na kwarai sha'awa ga tarihi, archaeologists da kuma talakawa matafiya da suke so su kawai jiƙa up Sunshine a kan kyau rairayin bakin teku.