Fuel wadata tsarin. Allura tsarin bayanin da aiki manufa

Fuel wadata tsarin da ake bukata domin shigowa da man fetur daga man fetur tank, ta kara tacewa da kuma ƙarni na wani oxygen-man fetur cakuda ta watsa zuwa engine cylinders. A halin yanzu, akwai da dama iri na man fetur tsarin. The fi na kowa a cikin karni na 20th ne carburetor, amma yanzu ƙara rare allura tsarin. Akwai uku - guda allura, wanda yana da kyau kawai a cewa shi damar da 'yan don rage man fetur amfani. Bari mu dauki wani kusa look at allura tsarin da kuma magance ta manufa na aiki.

Janar tattalinsu

Mafi zamani ikon tsarin, man fetur engine kama. Bambanci iya zama kawai a mataki na hadawa. A tsarin da man fetur tsarin kunshi wadannan aka gyara:

1. Fuel tank - wani m samfurin ciwon famfo da kuma a tace domin tsarkakewa daga inji barbashi. Babban manufar - man fetur ajiya.
2. Samar da wani hadadden man fetur tiyo da kuma tubing don matsar da man fetur daga cikin tanki da hadawa tsarin.
3. Hadawa na'urar. A cikin yanayin da za a tattauna a kan injector. Wannan taro da aka tsara don samar da wani emulsion (iska-man fetur cakuda) da kuma samar da shi zuwa ga cylinders a cikin engine aiki zagayowar.
4. Control naúrar carburetion tsarin. Shigar kawai a kan allura injuna, saboda bukatar da iko na'urori masu auna sigina, injector kuma bawuloli.
5. Famfon. A mafi yawan lokuta, a submersible version. Yana da wani kananan damar mota, wanda aka haɗa zuwa ruwa famfo. Lubrication gane man fetur, da kuma shafe tsawon amfani da TC tare da adadin kasa da 5 lita na man fetur zai iya kai wa ga mota gazawar.

Idan takaice, injector - wani batu da wadata da na man fetur ta hanyar da bututun ƙarfe. Lantarki siginar zuwa daga iko naúrar. Duk da cewa da injector yana da yawan gagarumin abũbuwan amfãni a kan carburetor, shi ya ba da aka yi amfani da na dogon lokaci. Wannan ne saboda da fasaha wuya daga cikin samfurin da kuma low maintainability daga sassa cewa kasa. A yanzu lokaci batu allura tsarin kusan maye gurbin da carburetor. Bari mu dauki wani kusa look at abin da yake haka mai kyau injector da kuma abin da suke da fasali.

Features na man fetur kayan aiki

The mota ya kasance kullum da abu na hankali da muhalli kare. A shaye gas an saki kai tsaye cikin yanayi, wanda shi ne fraught tare da samu. Ganewar asali man fetur tsarin ya nuna cewa sallama adadin lokacin da ba daidai ba carburetion aka ƙara muhimmanci. Domin wannan sauki dalili, an yanke shawarar kafa wani catalytic Converter. Duk da haka, wannan na'urar ta nuna sakamako mai kyau kawai idan ingancin da emulsion, kuma a cikin taron na kowane sabawa ta yadda ya dace saukad da muhimmanci. Aka yanke shawarar zuwa maye gurbin carburetor a kan wani mafi daidai man fetur allura tsarin, wanda shi ne wani injector. Na farko zaži ya hada da babban yawan inji aka gyara, da kuma bisa ga nazarin, da irin wannan tsarin ne samun muni a matsayin abin hawa aiki. Ya quite halitta, tun da muhimmanci aka gyara da kuma aiki da jikin ƙazantar da daga oda.

Don allura tsarin ya iya daidaita da kanta, da lantarki iko naúrar da aka halitta (ECU). Tare da gina-lyamba bincike, wanda aka located cirewa daga cikin catalytic Converter, shi ya ba mai kyau yi. Yana da hadari a ce cewa farashin man fetur a yau ne quite high, da kuma injector ne mai kyau kawai saboda ba ka damar ceton fetur ko kuma man gas. Bugu da kari akwai wadannan abũbuwan amfãni:

1. Kara engine yi halaye. A musamman da ya karu iya aiki da 5-10%.
2. Inganta tsauri yi na abin hawa. A injector ne mafi kula canje-canje a load kuma adjusts da emulsion kanta.
3. A mafi kyau duka man fetur-iska cakuda da kuma rage adadin shaye gas yawan guba.
4. Allura tsarin ne sauki gudu, ko da kuwa yanayin yanayi, wanda shi ne wani gagarumin amfani ga fetur injuna.

Fuel allura na'urar da ta

Da farko shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa zamani injuna suna sanye take vpryskovyh nozzles daidai da adadin cylinders. Injectors alaka tsakanin wani gangara. Akwai da man fetur da aka dauke a low matsa lamba, kuma Halicci wani lantarki na'urar - fetur famfo. The adadin man fetur allura dogara da bude daga cikin bututun ƙarfe, wanda aka ƙaddara da iko naúrar. Domin wannan harbi yi tare da wani iri-iri masu auna sigina, wanda aka saka a kusa da motar. Yanzu muka dubi babban wadanda:

1. Iska ya kwarara haska. Yana hidima domin sanin cikar Silinda iska. A taron na gazawar alamomi an yi watsi da dauka da tebur data matsayin babban Manuniya.
2. Matsayin haska maƙura nuna engine kaya, wanda ya sa aka ta da matsayin da maƙura, iska da kuma cyclic cika da ciki konewa engine juyin.
3. Zazzabi haska hladgena. Ta wajen da mai kula da aka gane lantarki fan iko da kuma gyara na man fetur da kuma ƙonewa. A taron na Laifi nan take ganewar asali na man fetur tsarin ba lallai ba ne. A zafin jiki ne dauka dangane da tsawon na ciki konewa engine.
4. A crankshaft matsayin haska (crankshaft) da ake bukata don aiki tare da dukan tsarin. Mai kula calculates da engine gudun ba kawai, amma kuma da wuri, a kuma wani lokaci. Tun da shi ne a iyakacin duniya haska, sa'an nan da matsalar aiki na samfur kara hawa aiki ne ba zai yiwu.
5. A oxygen haska ake bukata domin sanin% oxygen a cikin gas jefarwa cikin yanayi. The bayanai daga wannan mai kula ne daukar kwayar cutar da iko naúrar, wanda adjusts da emulsion dangane da shaida.

Yana da daraja da biyan hankali ga gaskiyar cewa ba duk motocin da wani injector sanye take da wani oxygen haska. Bã su da sani kawai waɗanda motoci da cewa suna sanye take da wani catalytic Converter watsi misali "Yuro-2" da kuma "Yuro-3".

The iri allura tsarin: single-aya allura

A halin yanzu, da amfani da yadu duk tsarin. Suna classified bisa ga yawan injectors da kuma man fetur samar sarari. Akwai uku allura tsarin:

• guda aya (guda allura).
• multipoint (rarraba).
• kai tsaye.

Da farko, bari mu duba wani tsarin na single-aya allura. Da aka halicce su kawai bayan da carburetor kuma dauke su more m, amma yanzu hankali ya rasa da shahararsa saboda dalilai da yawa. Akwai wasu indisputable abũbuwan amfãni daga wannan tsarin. Basic kunshi a gwaji man fetur tanadi. Ganin cewa farashin man fetur a yau wajen babban, don haka da injector ne dacewa. The ban sha'awa abu ne cewa, wannan tsarin ya ƙunshi lamba na karami lantarki, don haka shi ne mafi abin dogara da kuma barga. Lokacin da bayanai da aka ruwaito daga masu auna sigina zuwa iko da rabi, da allura sigogi an canza nan da nan. Very ban sha'awa shi ne gaskiya cewa kusan duk wani fetur engine za a iya canza ta guda aya allura ba tare da gagarumin tsarin canje-canje. Babban hasara na irin wannan tsarin ne low sama-ICE, kazalika da magance da wani gwaji adadin man fetur a kan ganuwar da tafki, amma matsalar da aka muhimmi da carbureted model.

Tun da bututun ƙarfe a cikin wannan harka, daya kadai, to, shi ne located a kan ci da yawa a kan site na carburetor. Tun da bututun ƙarfe yake a cikin wani kyau wuri, kuma ya kasance kullum a karkashin wani rafi na sanyi iska, ta AMINCI ya kasance a matakin qarshe, da kuma zane da aka musamman sauki. Flushing da man fetur tsarin da guda aya allura bai dauka tsawo, domin shi ya isa ya busa daya kawai bututun ƙarfe, amma ƙara yawan muhalli bukatun sun kai ga cewa ya fara samar da wasu more zamani tsarin.

wani multipoint allura tsarin

Rarraba allura aka dauke more zamani, hadaddun da kasa m. A wannan yanayin, kowane Silinda sanye take da makaran bututun ƙarfe, wanda aka shirya a ci da yawa a cikin kusanci da ci bawul. Saboda haka, da emulsion feed ne da za'ayi dabam. Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, tare da wannan allura ciki konewa engine ikon za a iya ƙara zuwa 5-10%, wanda shi ne m lokacin da tuki a kan hanya. Wani mai ban sha'awa aya: wannan man fetur allura ne mai kyau da cewa bututun ƙarfe aka located kusa ƙwarai da ci bawul. Wannan minimizes da shaida na man fetur a kan ganuwar da tafki, sa shi yiwuwa a cimma gagarumin man fetur tanadi.

Akwai da dama iri na Multi-aya allura:

1. Lokaci daya - da bude daga cikin nozzles faruwa a lokaci guda.
2. Pairwise layi daya - bude injectors a nau'i-nau'i. Daya bututun ƙarfe aka bude a ci bugun jini, da kuma na biyu kafin shaye bugun jini. A halin yanzu, irin wannan tsarin ne kawai amfani a lokacin gaggawa fara da ciki konewa engine idan akwai breakage lokaci (crankshaft matsayin haska).
3. Phased - kowane injector ne sarrafawa dabam, amma ya buɗe kafin ci bugun jini.

A wannan yanayin, da tsarin ne quite hadaddun da kuma dogara gaba ɗaya kan daidaito na lantarki. Alal misali, flushing da man fetur tsarin zai bukaci fiye da lokacin, kamar yadda da bukatar wanke kowane injector. Kuma yanzu mu je gaba da dubi wani m irin allura.

kai tsaye allura

Allura motoci da irin wannan tsarin za a iya daukan mafi tsabtace muhalli. Babban manufar gabatarwar wannan allura hanya ne don inganta ingancin na man fetur cakuda, da kuma wani kadan karuwa a yadda ya dace da abin hawa engine. Babban abũbuwan amfãni daga wannan bayani ne kamar haka:

• na sosai spraying na emulsion.
• da samuwar high quality cakuda.
• ingantaccen amfani da emulsion a daban-daban matakai na ciki konewa engine.

Bisa ga wadannan abũbuwan amfãni, zamu iya cewa wannan tsarin ajiye man fetur. Wannan shi ne musamman m da wani m tafiya a wani birane yanayi. Idan muka kwatanta da biyu da motoci tare da guda engine iya aiki, amma daban-daban allura tsarin, misali, nan da nan da Multi-aya, da muhimmanci mafi tsauri yi zai zama a kusa da tsarin. A shaye gas ne kasa mai guba, kamar yadda dauka lita iya aiki zai zama da ɗan mafi girma saboda da iska sanyaya kuma cewa da man fetur matsa lamba da ɗan karu.

Amma kula da ji na ƙwarai daga kai tsaye allura tsarin a kan ingancin man fetur. Idan muka yi la'akari da Rasha da kuma Ukrainian matsayin, da sulfur abun ciki kada ta kasance mafi girma fiye da 500 MG da 1 lita na man fetur. A daidai wannan lokaci da Turai matsayin nufin abun ciki na kashi 150, 50 da kuma ko da 10 MG da lita na fetur ko kuma man gas.

Idan la'akari a taƙaice wannan tsarin, shi ne kamar haka: injector shirya a cikin Silinda kai. Haka kuma, da allura da aka kai tsaye, a cikin cylinders. Ya kamata a lura da cewa allura tsarin da dace da yawa fetur injuna. Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, lokacin da amfani da, a wani babban matsin man fetur tsarin, a karkashin abin da emulsion an ciyar da kai tsaye a cikin konewa jam'iyya, bypassing da ci da yawa.

Fuel allura tsarin: Hawa ramammu

A kadan sama, mun yi nazari akan kai tsaye allura, wanda aka fara amfani da motoci daga cikin iri "Mitsubishi", wanda aka rage tsawon GDI. Bari mu bincika a ta aice daya daga cikin manyan halaye - ramammu. Its ainihi ta'allaka ne da cewa abin hawa a cikin wannan harka da aka sarrafa a low lodi kuma matsakaici gudu daga sama zuwa 120 kilomita awa. Fuel allura da aka yi a karshe mataki mika wutar matsawa. Ana nuna ta fistan, man ne gauraye da iska da kuma shiga cikin ƙonewa zone kyandir. Sai dai itace cewa a cikin masallãci cakuda da aka ma tsautsayi, duk da haka ta cajin a cikin kusanci da walƙiya toshe za a iya daukan mafi kyau duka. Wannan shi ne isa ga ta ƙonewa, sa'an nan ta haskakã up da kuma sauran emulsion. A gaskiya, irin wannan man fetur allura tsarin samar da al'ada aiki na ciki konewa engine koda lokacin da iska / man fetur rabo - 40: 1.

Wannan ne mai matukar tasiri tsarin kula da ajiye man fetur da yawa. Amma ya kamata ka kula da cewa akwai wata tambaya a shaye gas. Gaskiyar cewa mai kara kuzari ne wanda ya kasa aiki, tun da nitrogen oxide da aka kafa. A wannan yanayin, da recirculation na shaye gas. Special ERG tsarin damar da emulsion zuwa tsarma shaye gas. Wannan da ɗan rage konewa zafin jiki da kuma neutralize da samuwar oxides. Duk da haka, wannan dabarar ba da damar ƙara da kaya a kan engine. Don partially magance matsalar used ajiya mai kara kuzari. Karshe ne musamman m zuwa makaman da high sulfur abun ciki. A saboda wannan dalili, a lokaci-lokaci rajistan shiga na man fetur tsarin.

The kama cakuda samuwar kuma mataki-2 yanayin

Power jihar (kama cakuda samuwar) - manufa domin m tuki a birane yanayi, overtaking da tuki a kan babbar hanya da kuma babbar hanya. A wannan yanayin, da conical walƙiya, shi ne kasa tattali fiye da baya embodiment. Allura da aka yi a ci bugun jini, da kuma kafa emulsion yawanci yana da wani rabo daga 14.7: 1, Ina nufin kusa da stoichiometric. A gaskiya, wannan atomatik man fetur feed tsarin ne daidai kamar rarraba.

Biyu-mataki man fetur allura yanayin yakan haifar a kan matsawa bugun jini, kazalika da farko-up. Babban aiki - kaifi karuwa a cikin engine. A daukan hankali misali na tasiri aiki na da irin wannan tsarin ne da motsi a low gudu da kuma kaifi matsa lamba a kan totur. A wannan yanayin, da alama na yin karan ƙaruwa muhimmanci. Domin wannan sauki dalili, maimakon guda mataki allura ne da za'ayi a cikin biyu.

A mataki na farko a kananan adadin man fetur ne allura a lokacin ci bugun jini. Wannan damar wasu iska su runtse da yawan zafin jiki a cikin Silinda. Za ka iya magana game da cewa a cikin Silinda zai zama superpoor cakuda a wani rabo daga 60: 1, saboda haka, da harin ne ba zai yiwu ba kamar yadda irin wannan. A karshe mataki na matsawa bugun jini da aka kwashe jet man fetur allura, wanda yake kawo wani mai arziki emulsion a cikin wani rabo na game da 12: 1. Yau muna iya cewa irin wannan man fetur engine tsarin da aka gabatar kawai ga motocin na Turai kasuwar. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa, Japan ba muhimmi zuwa high gudu, saboda haka, akwai babban kaya a kan engine. A Turai, babban adadin freeways da hanyõyi, don haka direbobi saba hau da sauri, kuma yana da wani babban kaya a ciki konewa engine.

Ko wani abu mai ban sha'awa

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa, da bambanci ga carburetor tsarin, injector bukatar cewa yana da wani yau da kullum rajistan shiga na man fetur tsarin. Wannan shi ne saboda da cewa babban adadin hadaddun lantarki iya kasa. A sakamakon haka, wannan zai haifar da a ke so sakamakon. Alal misali, da wuce haddi iska a cikin man fetur tsarin zai haifar a cikin rushewa daga cikin emulsion abun da ke ciki da kuma ba daidai ba mix rabo. A nan gaba, wannan yana rinjayar da engine, akwai wani m aiki da kuma lalacewar da masu kula, da dai sauransu A gaskiya ma, cikin injector - .. Shin wani hadadden tsarin da kayyade lokacin da cylinders dole fayil mai walƙiya, da yadda za a isar da high quality-cakuda da Silinda block da kuma ci da yawa, a lokacin da ya bude bututun ƙarfe da wani rabo daga iska da kuma man fetur dole ne ya zama emulsion. Duk wadannan abubuwan da shafi aiki aiki na man fetur tsarin. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa, mafi yawan masu kula ba tare da na'ura iya yi da kyau, yayin da a can za su kasance gagarumin bambancin, kamar yadda akwai gaggawa da rikodi da kuma alluna da za a yi amfani da.

Cost ciki konewa engine a cikin wannan yanayin ne m da nawa inganci data za a samu daga masu kula. Fiye da suka fi daidai, da kasa yiwu daban-daban man fetur tsarin laifinsu. Yana taka muhimmiyar rawa da kuma mayar da martani gudun dukan tsarin. Ba kamar carburettors nan ba ya bukatar manual gyara, abin da gusar kurakurai a lokacin k aiki. Sanadiyar haka, muka samu wani karin cikakken konewa daga cikin cakuda da kuma tare da mafi muhalli ra'ayi daga cikin tsarin.

ƙarshe

A ƙarshe, ya kamata gaya mana wani bit game da shortcomings muhimmi a allura tsarin. Babban hasara ne babban kudin da ciki konewa engine. By kuma manyan, da kudin wannan raka'a zai zama mafi girma da game da 15%, wanda muhimmanci. Amma akwai wasu disadvantages. Alal misali, kasa man fetur bawul ne a mafi yawan lokuta ba za a gyara saboda mutunci take hakkin, don haka ya kamata ta kasance da sauki canza. Wannan kuma ya shafi maintainability na kayan aiki a matsayin dukan. Wasu aka gyara da kuma kayayyakin gyara sauƙin saya wani sabon, maimakon kashe kudi a gyara su. Wannan quality ba muhimmi carbureted abin hawa, inda za ka iya sake zagayowar, ta hanyar duk da muhimmanci aka gyara da kuma dawo da su yi ba tare da wani babban zuba jari na lokaci da kuma kokarin. Ba tare da wani shakka ba, man fetur na lantarki wadata tsarin gyara manyan sojoji, da wajen. Nagartaccen lantarki ne mai wuya da za a mayar da ranar farko akwai tashoshin.

To, mun yi magana da ku game da abin da allura tsarin. Kamar yadda ka gani, wannan ne mai matukar ban sha'awa topic for tattaunawa. Zaka kuma iya gaya mai yawa game da abin da yake mai kyau nozzles da kuma yiwuwar nan take gyara na engine. Amma babban maki da muke da riga ce. Ka tuna da cewa man fetur tsarin na fetur engine dole ne a kai a kai binciki for yiwu lahani. Alal misali, saboda da low quality na man fetur, wanda a gaskiya shi ne muhimmi a cikin kasar mu, sau da yawa gidan ya toshe nozzles. Saboda wannan, da engine fara aiki yayyanke, da ikon saukad, cakuda zama ma ramammu ko mataimakin versa. Duk wannan shi ne mummunar ga mota a matsayin dukan, sabili da haka, yana bukatar m kuma na yau da kullum saka idanu. Har ila yau, kokarin ƙara yawan man fetur ko abin wuta kawai a fetur, wanda da shawara da manufacturer na motarka ba.