Fi'ili a matsayin wani ɓangare na magana

Fi'ili ne ake kira mai girma ɓangare na magana, wanda aka denoted da wani mataki ko yanayin. Fi'ili a Rasha, ya amsa wannan tambaya "abin da ya yi?", "Abin da ke yin?" Kuma "abin da ya yi?". Ya kamata a lura cewa manufar wani yanayin, ko mataki zumunta: shi zai iya zama ko dai jiki aiki ko motsi a cikin sararin samaniya da kuma cikin ayyukan da hankula, ko jiha da hankali. Bugu da kari, wannan ɓangare na jawabin nuna tunani matakai, da kafa siffofi da nadi na magana da sauransu. Duk da bambanci a lexical ma'ana, duk wadannan kalmomi ne categorical ma'anar processuality.

Fi'ili a matsayin wani ɓangare na magana ne mai arziki da daban-daban nahawu Categories da su muhimmi siffofin. Bugu da kari ga Categories cewa su ne na kowa zuwa wasu sassa na magana (mutum category, da lambar kuma jinsi), da aikatau shi ne, musamman wa category (bayyanar, yanayi, murya, lokaci).

Morphological Categories sassa na magana ne daban-daban a cikin abun da ke ciki form. Saboda haka, category da kuma irin tabbaci ne muhimmi a duk fi'ili siffofin, da kuma sauran morphological Categories da ake rubutu ne kawai tare da wasu siffofin. Category son zuciyõyin muhimmi a duk conjugate fi'ilai, duk da haka, shi ne, ba peculiar da tushen fi'ili, gerund da participle. Category na lokaci muhimmi a cikin siffofin kawai yanayin nuni, yayin da category na mutane ne peculiar siffofin ma ya zama wajibi. Yawan ne ga kowa da kowa siffofin, fãce da tushen fi'ili nau'i na farko da gerunds, da kuma HALITTAR a mufuradi - kawai siffofin da subjunctive yanayi da kuma gina aikin daya wuce da kuma participles.

Fi'ili a matsayin wani ɓangare na jawabin raba dukan siffofin cikin kungiyoyin biyu: conjugated da unconjugated. A cikin ilimi nahawu ne uku azuzuwan na siffofin: conjugated form, da tushen fi'ili, gerund da participle. A lokaci guda tsayayya conjugated siffofin nahawu lokaci dabi'u, lambobi, moods, fuska, irin.

Canza moods da fi'ilai kuma sau (nuni da fi'ilin), mutane (nuni da wajibi), lambobi da haihuwa aka kira Tasrifu, da kuma siffofin da cewa haka ne aka kafa - conjugated form.

By da unconjugated nau'i na fi'ili hada da tushen fi'ili, gerunds da participles, waxanda suke da daban-daban daga conjugate fi'ilai a cikin abin da bã su da wani inflectional nahawu ma'ana. Duk da haka, a wannan lokaci, kamar yadda gerunds da infinitives gabatar kawai daya nau'i, da sacrament iya tsayayya da tabbaci da kuma sau da kuma sauye a lambar kuma bar.

Duk da haka, da kuma conjugated da unconjugated fi'ili siffofin suna hade a daya tsarin halittarsu, kamar yadda suke da na kowa siffofin, ciki har da na kowa lexical na biyu na biyu da kuma takamaiman Tsarin da management, kazalika da janar yiwuwar bayyana yar bab.

Fi'ili a matsayin wani ɓangare na magana a cikin jumla yawanci nuna da predicate, duk da haka, syntactic aiki, wanda ya nuna, shi ne dogara a kan da siffar. Conjugated nau'i na aikatau da aka kira predicative, tun da sun yi amfani a matsayin mai sauki, ko fili fi'ili predicate. Tarayya bauta a jumla amince definition, kazalika da wani maras muhimmanci ɓangare na wani kumshin maras predicate. Gerunds bayyana cikin yanayi ko sakandare predicate. Gerunds da participles, kamar yadda yayi na biyu mambobi ana kira attributive.

Tushen fi'ili - da farko nau'i na fi'ili - na iya zama memba na wani tsari: da batun da kuma predicate, kuma a key memba na m sentences, da kuma tabbatar da dalilin, da kuma gaba da, da kuma shã'aninku. Tushen fi'ili - nau'i daga wanda harsãshensa suna kafa kusan dukan fi'ili siffofin. Saboda haka, misali, daga cikin tushe na tushen fi'ili gina aikin daya wuce na yanayin nuni, subjunctive fi'ilai, participles ainihin na biyu a baya siga, participle m na biyu da kuma gerunds.

Fi'ili a matsayin wani ɓangare na magana ne da muhimmanci sosai a harshen, tun da shi ne ya Yake suranta tushen kowane jumla da kuma shi ya sa mu jiwuwa da cikakken hankali.