Fabric dabba - abin da shi ne?

Daga yadudduka kunshi kwayoyin tsirrai da dabbobi a duniya. Su ne daban-daban, da kuma kowane irin masana'anta aikin ta ayyuka.

Abin da ya ƙunshi na masana'anta?

A mafi karami tsarin sashi na jiki ne da cell. Daga cikin wadannan, da kuma hada duk iri kyallen takarda - biyu shuka da dabbobi.

sifar tantanin halitta

Wannan tsarin zai iya zama a matsayin mai raba jiki. Daya cell ana gabatar kamar kwayoyin da protozoa eukaryotes. Wannan bangaren na mai rai gabar kunshi irin wannan sassa: jini membrane, cytoplasm, wakilta colloidal bayani, da tsakiya da kuma wasu gabbansa - m Tsarin, kowanne daga abin da ya aikata wani takamaiman aiki. A tsarin da dabba cell akwai wasu gabbansa: cell cibiyar, ribosomes, lysosomes, mitochondria, Golgi na'ura da kuma endoplasmic reticulum. Shuka Kwayoyin bambanta daga gare su a cikin abin da suka dauke vacuoles (na farko a 'yan, da kuma tare da tsufa da Kwayoyin, su ci a cikin daya tsakiyar) da kuma plastids: chromoplasts, leucoplasts da chloroplast.

A jini membrane na dabba cell kunshi uku yadudduka: biyu da furotin da kuma sia therebetween. Wannan harsashi, bi da bi, da aka kewaye da wani glycocalyx, wanda aka hada da polysaccharides, glycolipids, glycoproteins. Wasu gabbansa yi da wadannan ayyuka: cell cibiyar - rarraba chromosomes a lokacin fission, ribosomes - kira na sunadarai, da lysosomes - tsagawa abubuwa tare da enzymes, mitochondria - ikon tsara, Golgi na'ura - jari da kuma hira da wasu abubuwa, endoplasmic reticulum (reticulum) - sufuri na tarin kwayoyin sunadarai. Number of wasu wasu gabbansa a cikin cell dogara a kan ko yana da wani ɓangare na wani irin masana'anta.

Structure dabba kyallen takarda

Animal nama da aka hada da Kwayoyin, hade intercellular abu. Dangane da manufa na masana'anta, ƙila ya kasance yana da wani daban-daban abun da ke ciki, ba a fi girma ko karami yawa. Nama a cikin dabbobi, akwai da wadannan iri:

• maha? ar.
• epithelial.
• m.
• tsoka.

connective nama

Sun zo a cikin irin wannan iri: m da sako-sako da fibrous, guringuntsi, kashi, jini da kuma Lymph, mai, reticulum. Dukan su da a kowa ne babban adadin extracellular matrix. The m fibrous nama kunshi yafi na zaruruwa sako-sako da fiber - daga amorphous taro. Kashi na da babban adadin m intercellular abu ya kunshi inorganic sinadaran mahadi. Intercellular abu na guringuntsi nama kunshi kwayoyin abubuwa. A reticular masana'anta qunshi kara Kwayoyin daga wanda jini Kwayoyin suna kafa. A abun da ke ciki na jini da kuma Lymph ya hada da babban adadin ruwa. A tsarin da irin wannan dabba nama aka yi sama da takamaiman Kwayoyin, suna kuma kira da maikacin jini. Su iri:

• ja da maikacin jini.
• leukocytes.
• platelets.

Kowace daga cikinsu ya yi aikin da ayyuka. Erythrocytes aka gabatar a matsayin madauwari Tsarin dauke da haemoglobin. Su ke da alhakin kai na oxygen a ko'ina cikin jiki. Farin jini Kwayoyin yi rigakafi aiki. Platelets ne da alhakin clotting na jini idan akwai lalacewa da fata.

Epithelial tsokoki na dabbobi

A epithelium ne zuwa kashi da dama iri:

• lebur.
• cubic.
• cylindrical.
• ciliated.
• shãfe.
• glandular.

Squamous epithelium gabatar mĩƙe Kwayoyin, wanda suna da siffar polygons. Wannan masana'anta shi ne a cikin esophagus kuma baka rami. Cubic epithelial nama na dabbobi liyi da koda tubules, cylindrical - ciki da kuma hanjinsu, ciliated - Airways, touch - hanci kogo. Glandular bangaren shi ne gland. Kwayoyin na wannan musamman tsoka da kuma samar da hormones, madara da sauransu. D.

tsoka nama

Suna kuma ya kasu kashi da dama iri:

• sofane.
• santsi.
• zuciya.

A murdede nama na farko jinsin dabbobi ne a bangaren na tsokoki na musculoskeletal tsarin. Na m tsokoki na ciki gabobin suna kafa, kamar hanjinsu, ciki, mahaifa, da dai sauransu The zuciya ne halin da cewa ta zaruruwa suna lauye da juna - .. Yana da damar su ji ƙyama sauri.

M tsokoki na dabbobi

Wannan irin masana'anta kunshi veretenopodobnyh, stellate, ko siffar zobe Kwayoyin - neurons, kuma intercellular abubuwa - mesogloea wanda ya samar da gina jiki ga neurons. Neurons kunshi wani jiki, wani axon da dendrites - matakai da wanda Kwayoyin suna da alaka. Suna da ake bukata domin sigina.