Excretory gabobin a mollusks. A tsarin da Shellfish

Akwai su da yawa iri dabbobi. Wannan kuma flatworms, kuma coelenterates, kuma annelids, kuma arthropod da echinoderms da chordates. A kimiyya da cewa hulda da nazarin su ne ake kira ilmin halitta. Shellfish - shi ne ma daya daga cikin iri na dabbobi. Su za a tattauna a wannan labarin. Akwai kuma na musamman reshe na nazarin halittun da karatu dabba kungiyar. malacology ta kira. A kimiyya da cewa hulda da nazarin mollusc bawo, - conchology.

A sifofinsu Shellfish

Wakilai daga irin wannan ne ma ya kira spineless. Su ne quite bambancin. Yawan jinsunan - game da 200 da dubu.

Wannan rukuni na kwayar dabbobi kasu kashi takwas azuzuwan:

• Bivalve.
• Armoured.
• Solenogastres.
• Caudofoveata.
• Monoplacophora.
• Gastropods.
• Haure harsashi.
• Cephalopods.

A jikin wadannan dabbobi yana shirya a kan wanda kuma wannan manufa. Next za a tattauna a more daki-daki halayyar Shellfish.

gabobin da kuma sashin jiki da tsarin

Shellfish, kazalika da yawa kwayar dabbobi, an gina na iri daban-daban yadudduka, wanda wani bangare ne na hukuma. A karshen, bi da bi, samar da sashin jiki tsarin.

A tsarin da Shellfish hada da wadannan tsarin:

• Sistem.
• juyayi tsarin da kuma ji gabobin.
• narkewa kamar;
• excretory.
• numfashi.
• jima'i.
• jiki abũbuwan rufi.

Bari mu dauki su domin.

jijiyoyi

A mollusks ta Bude type. Yana hada wannan da jikin:

• zuciya;
• tasoshin.

Zuciya molluscs aka hada guda biyu ko uku da bẽnãye. Wannan shi ne daya ventricle da daya ko biyu atria.

Mutane da yawa spineless jini yana da wani sabon abu da bluish launi. Wannan canza launi yana ba ta numfashi pigment hemocyanin, a cikin sinadaran abun da ke ciki na wanda ya hada da tagulla. Wannan abu yana da guda aiki a matsayin cewa na haemoglobin.

Jini circulates a molluscs kamar haka: daga jini shi ne zuba a cikin sarari tsakanin gawarwakin - lacunae da sinuses. Sa'an nan kuma aka tattara a cikin tasoshin da kuma kawota ga gills ko huhu.

juyayi tsarin

A mollusks ta zo a cikin biyu iri: wani tsãni kuma warwatse-Nau'in mahaɗar.

Da farko gina kamar haka: akwai peripharyngeal zobe daga wanda miƙa hudu ganga. Biyu na su innervate da ƙafãfu da kuma wasu biyu - da ciki.

A juyayi tsarin na warwatsa-Nau'in mahaɗar ne mafi rikitarwa. Ya kunshi nau'i biyu daga na tsarin jijiya haihuwarka. Biyu na ciki da alhakin innervation na ciki gabobin, da kuma biyu feda - kafar. Dukansu nau'i-nau'i daga jijiya haihuwarka ne ba nodes - ganglia. Suna yawanci shida da nau'i-nau'i: buccal, cerebral, pleural, feda, parietal da visceral. A farko innervate da pharynx, na biyu - da tentacles da idanu, na uku - alkyabbar, da kuma a karo na hudu - kafa, na biyar - miciwa, na shida - da sauran kayan ciki.

hankula

Akwai Shellfish irin jikinsu, kyale su su samu bayanai game da yanayi:

• tentacles.
• idanu.
• statocysts.
• Osphradium.
• azanci shine Kwayoyin.

Idanu da kuma tentacles suna located a kan shugaban na dabba. Osphradium dake kusa da tushe daga cikin gills. Wannan sunadarai ji gabobin. Statocysts - sikẽli gabobin. Suna kan kafar. Azanci shine Kwayoyin suna da alhakin gabar touch. Suna located a gefen alkyabbar, kai da kafa.

alimentary tsarin

A tsarin da kilam azurta da wadannan gabobin da fili:

• makogwaro.
• esophagus.
• ciki;
• midgut.
• hindgut.

Har ila yau, hanta ne ba. A cephalopods , akwai kuma pancreas.

A taushi-bodied makogwaro akwai wani musamman jiki ga nika abinci - radula. An rufe tare da hakora daga chitin, wanda aka wallafa a matsayin nika na haihuwa.

Excretory gabobin a molluscs

Wannan tsarin ya kunshi kodan. Suna da ake kira metanephridia. Excretory gabobin a mollusks kama da wadanda na tsutsotsi. Amma su suna shirya mafi rikitarwa.

Excretory gabobin a mollusks bayyana a matsayin sa na Tuddan ferrous shambura. Metanephridia daya karshen yana buɗewa a cikin coelomic jakar, da kuma sauran - fita.

Excretory gabobin mollusks iya zama ba a cikin daban-daban yawa. Alal misali, wasu cephalopods da daya kawai metanephridia located a gefen hagu. A monoplacophora an lura kamar yadda 10-12 Gabar kasafi.

A metanephridia Shellfish tara sharar kayayyakin. Suna wakilta lumps na uric acid. Cire daga jikin dabba suna kowane biyu zuwa makonni uku.

Har ila yau, wani ɓangare na excretory tsarin a molluscs iya kira da atria, wanda ke da alhakin tace da jini.

numfashi tsarin

Daban-daban Shellfish shi ne wakilta daban-daban a jikinsu. Saboda haka, mafi yawan m-bodied ba gills. Suna kuma kira ctenidium. Yana guda biyu dama feathery jikinsu. Suna located in alkyabbar kogo. A mollusks cewa rayuwa a cikin ƙasa, maimakon gills, akwai haske. Yana da wani modified alkyabbar kogo. Its ganuwar suna tsinkãyi da jini.

Shi ne kuma wani muhimmin wuri a cikin gas musayar daukan Shellfish fata numfashi.

haihuwa tsarin

Yana za a iya shirya a hanyoyi daban-daban, kamar yadda akwai daga cikin clams ne dauke da lalurar mata da kuma iri guda ba jinsunan. A cikin akwati a lokacin da hadi hermaphroditism kowane mutum ayyukan kamar yadda biyu namiji da mace.

Saboda haka za mu dubi duk sashin jiki da tsarin na Shellfish.

jiki abũbuwan rufi Shellfish

A tsarin wannan kashi dabam a wakilan daban-daban azuzuwan.

Bari mu dubi cikin daban-daban zabin da integument, wanda na iya samun Shellfish, dabba misalai cewa suna cikin wani musamman aji.

Saboda haka, a solenogastres da caudofoveata inuwõyi buga wani alkyabbar da yake rufe da dukan jiki, tare da cuticle kunshi glycoproteins. Har ila yau, yanzu spicules - wani irin allura, wanda ya kunshi lemun tsami.

A bivalves, gastropods, cephalopods, kuma haure harsashi monoplakfor mãsu fakowa cuticle. Amma akwai wani harsashi, wanda ya ƙunshi wata guda farantin ko biyu a cikin hali na bivalve. Wasu Ƙungiyarku aji gastropods wannan ɓangare na samarwar zanen gado.

Features Shell tsarin

Yana za a iya raba uku yadudduka: matsanancin, tsakiya da kuma can ciki.

A m ɓangare na harsashi da aka gina ko da yaushe daga kwayoyin sunadarai. Mafi sau da yawa shi ne conchiolin. The kawai togiya ga wannan mulkin iya a yi la'akari Crysomallon squamiferum mollusk daga aji na gastropods. An wani m harsashi Layer aka hada da ferrum sulfides.

A tsakiyar ɓangare na kilam harsashi kunshi columnar calcite.

Ciki - wani farantin daga calcite.

A nan mun gani a cikin daki-daki cikin tsari na molluscs.

ƙarshe

Don duba bayani takaitacce manyan gabobin da kuma sashin jiki da tsarin da taushi-bodied a tebur. Har ila yau, ba misalai na molluscs na zuwa daban-daban azuzuwan.

Yanzu la'akari da wakilan da daban-daban azuzuwan da clams da kuma siffofin su tsari.

A nan mun yi nazari kan tsarin fasali na babban wakilan da irin Shellfish.