Empiricist - menene wannan? shikan

Tun tsufa mutãne sha'awar tambayoyi na ilimi. Da ilimin falsafa da tunani ya samo asali zuwa mutuža cewa, a matsayin mutum sani duniya da kunya a cikin shi. Ko a zamanin da shi ya samo asali irin muhimman hakkokin sciences kamar lissafi, kimiyyar lissafi, tarihi, falsafa. Sa'an nan kuma akwai tambayar ko akwai wata hanya da sanin gaskiya da kuma abin da ya kamata a tushen. Sai a wannan lokaci wani irin gudana a matsayin tsatstsauran ra'ayin, pragmatism, empiricism.

Empiricism matsayin falsafa

Empiricist - shi ne a zuciyar wanda ya ta'allaka ne kai tsaye tare da m ayyukan. Wannan shi ne abin da aka samar da mutum kwarewa. Wannan ra'ayi ne a kan tushen da wannan falsafa Trend. Son sha'awa kwarewa ga cikakkar empiricism. Wannan shi ne ya jigon da kuma tushen ilimi. Ilimi ne sakamakon aiki da azanci shine hasken dake fitowa ta mutum.

Francis Bacon - wanda ya kafa empiricism

The kafa na kwarara aka dauke su Francis Bacon, da wanda empiricism an ado a balagagge falsafa ra'ayi. Daga baya, ta bayyana a cikin jerin ƙungiyoyi - na farko, mai kyau da kuma ma'ana empiricism. Bacon nace cewa ilimi shi ne zama dole don share hankali da ji na wofi, gumaka ne, kuma domin ya sami kwarewa ta hanyar experimentation da kuma kallo na halitta. Babban gumakan Bacon: kabila, kogo, kasuwar, gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Empiricism savawa rationalist igiyoyin da kuma addini scholasticism.

Gaskiya a cikin empiricism

Rationalists da empiricists bambanta a fahimtar da kafofin na sanin gaskiya. Da farko ga wannan a dogara binciken da kuma bukaci kada su dauki wani abu domin ba, absolutising dabaru da deductive Hanyar. Ganin cewa empiricist - shi ne domin Allaha a shigar da. Babban tushen gaskiya na mabiyansa ganin mutum azanci shine kwarewa (empiricism), ya ji. Babban maƙasudin ne su fahimci ji, aiwatar da shi da kuma isar da shi cirewa daga gaskiya zuwa wani mutum a asalin, undistorted form. Babban tushen ilimi ga empiricist - shi ne, a sama da dukan, yanayin, kallon ta kuma yi, a da shi, da samar da wani ji. Wannan koyarwa shi ne kusa da irin wannan sciences kamar ilmin halitta, magani, kimiyyar lissafi da kuma ilmin taurari.

A gaskiya empiricism - zaune kallo sakamakon, wanda aka bayyana a cikin wadannan siffofin:

• jin (mirroring a cikin mutum Properties na sani da bangarorin na wani abu, da tasiri a kan hankula).

• ji (samar da wani na game image na san abu a cikin kira majiyai).

• misali (hankali sakamakon hakan na gani-azanci shine empiricism, ba sani da yanzu, amma tasiri a baya).

A kan aiwatar da sanin gaskiya mutumin da hannu gani, gustatory, tactile, auditory majiyai, ya sa a wani biyayya ta wajen memory da hasashensu. Empiricist bayyana gaban a jikin mutum eksteroretseptivnoy (hankula) da kuma interoretseptivnye (sakonni game da ciki jiha) tsarin. Saboda haka, azanci shine-wani tunanin da azanci shine-m yayan - da gininsa a kan wanda gina empiric sharudda na gaskiya , kuma haƙiƙa ilmi.