Dolihotsefalicheskaya shugaban siffar: kullum da kuma Pathology

A mafi kyau aukuwa ga mata - wannan shi ne na farko da haɗuwa da ta yaro, sai ta dauki wani 9 months da kuma duk da wannan lokaci ne kawai tunanin yadda zai duba. Amma daga karshe akwai zo da lokacin haihuwa, kuma akwai dogon-jiran taron. Kila kowane uwar hankali karatu bayyanar da yaro, kuma idan ka dubi wasu jariran, za ka lura da cewa, ba duk da wannan siffar kwanyar. A wannan batun, wannan tambaya na iya tashi: me ya sa?

Kwanyar siffar a cikin yara

Likitoci ne biyu main iri kwanyar siffar a cikin yara:

1. Dolihotsefalicheskaya shugaban siffar. A wannan yanayin, shi ne m da elongated siffar.
2. Brachycephalic shugaban siffar. Lokacin da ta kwanyar yana da wani taso siffar.

Wadannan siffofin magani suna dauke al'ada.

A Sanadin variances

Kullum, akwai dalilai da dama ya sa yara suna haife tare da daban-daban siffofin da kai. Da farko ya dogara a kan hanya a cikin abin da ta haifi jaririn. Kuma akwai hanyoyi biyu da haihuwa a yau:

• halitta.
• cesarean sashe.

Gaskiyar ita ce, lokacin da wani yaro motsa ta hanyar da haihuwa canal, shi ne a karkashin matsin lamba. A wannan follow kwanyar baby adapts da tsarin da gawarwakin na uwa da kafa dolihotsefalicheskaya shugaban siffar. Kwanyar iya canza ta siffar saboda da fontanel da na roba membranes cewa suna da alaka to ƙasusuwansa a wani yaro. Saboda haka dolihotsefalicheskaya shugaban siffar ne fiye da na kowa a cikin wadanda jarirai da aka haifa a wani halitta hanya.

Haka kuma an yi imani da cewa elongated siffar kwanyar da tayin kafa ta occipital gabatar. Wannan na faruwa a lokacin da ya ce shugaban yankin baby a lokacin bayarwa na farko ya wuce ta haihuwa canal.

Babies haife ta Caesarean sashe ba fallasa su matsa lamba, don haka da kwanyar rike ta asali madauwari, brachycephalic form. Sha'awa, da siffar da shugaban jariri dolihotsefalicheskaya daga wadannan biyu nagartacce an dauki mafi m. Bayan duk, a cikin halitta haihuwa da yaro akwai da ƙaddamar da dukan jiki da jariri.

Lokacin da cesarean sashe, musamman a lokacin da shi da aka shirya da qaddamar ba tare da jiran aiki, da na halitta gudu da jariri ya auku a cikin jiki. Saboda haka, yara da aka haifa ta hanyar wannan hanya, adapting to rayuwa waje da mahaifar zai iya faruwa kadan daban fiye yara haife ta halitta.

Pathological siffofin neonatal kwanyar

Akwai da dama daga pathological siffofin da kwanyar da jarirai:

1. Plagiocephaly, ko "lebur kai". A wannan Pathology frontal ko occipital part aka mĩƙe, da kuma shugaban ne asymmetrical.
2. Turricephaly. A wannan Pathology a jarirai conical, elongated shugaban siffar. A sutures na kwanyar ƙasũsuwa prematurely zaraschivayutsya.
3. Scaphocephaly. Halin da cewa a lokacin da shi ya auku farkon ossification na kwanyar, a cikinsu, zai iya muhimmanci kumbura frontal ko occipital part.

Shugaban karkara a jarirai

Ba wai kawai nauyi da kuma jariri girma da muhimmanci, amma kuma da girman kai, da kuma ta karkara. Wadannan Manuniya da yawa su gaya likita game da yanayin jiki na yaro bayyana a cikin haske.

A size da kuma shugaban karkara aka auna da laushi aunawa tef bisa ga mafi convex wurare - nape Lines da girare. Auna da karkara na kai a cikin jariri daga biyu zuwa rana ta huɗu ransa, bayan da bacewar zubar edema.

Na kullum ne a da'irar 35 cm, amma oscillation na 32 zuwa 38 cm ne daidaitattun karkacewa. Idan wani daga cikin wadannan Manuniya shugabancin karkara a cikin yara fiye da girman da kirji a 2.5 cm. Lokacin da yaro ya jũya 5 watanni, da aka ambata Manuniya ya zama daidai. Kuma zuwa ga shekara guda a cikin kirji na da yaro ya riga ya wuce da karkara na shugaban a kan wannan 2.5 cm.

Inda bayan ji shi ya zama na fili cewa akwai wani sabawa, shi yayi magana akan wani yiwu cutar. Domin ta mafi daidai definition wajibi ne a san abin da shugabanci a cikin sabawa - sama ko ƙasa.

hydrocephalus

Akwai da dama iri yiwu pathologies. Daya daga cikin su shi ne wata cuta, kamar yadda hydrocephalus (ko, a madadin, edema). A daidai wannan rashin lafiya an kiyaye karuwa da cerebrospinal ruwa a cikin kwanyar da wani yaro.

Photo na jariri jariran tare da wannan matsala a fili ya nuna cewa girman kai a lokaci guda ƙwarai karu da kwakwalwa sashen ne ya fi girma a kwatanta da na fuska da frontal ɓangare na dauke da falala a kansu a gaba. Jari na ce m take kaiwa zuwa wani karuwa a intracranial matsa lamba.

bayyanar cututtuka na hydrocephalus

Alamun hydrocephalus ko hydrocephalus ne:

• kara a kai karkara.
• A baby ta kwanyar bayan haihuwa ya ci gaba da kara.
• yaro ~ uka komai, a ci gaba;
• ya kasance m, lethargic, whining, da kuma wani lokacin, a maimakon haka, ya zama m.
• baby iya samun ciwon kai.
• ya sau da yawa lura tashin zuciya da kuma amai.
• Doctors yawanci gane canje-canje a cikin fundus.
• zai yiwu farfadiya seizures.
• urinary incontinence.

Idan yaro yana kamu da "hydrocephalus", shi wajibi ne don nuna a neurosurgeon. Mafi sau da yawa, cutar da aka bi da surgically, da kuma wani neurosurgeon bayan dubawa da kuma na sosai jarrabawa na samar da alamomi, ko contraindications ga mai zuwa aiki.

Bayan nasara tiyata, rashin lafiya, kamar yadda mai mulkin, ba ya ci gaba. A yaro iya halartar yau da kullum preschools (gidãjen Aljanna), kuma wata makaranta tare da da takwarorinsu. Wani lokaci da magani ne da za'ayi ba tare da m baki ta amfani da jamiái cewa rage samar da cerebrospinal ruwa. A siffar kwanyar da aka hankali samun koma al'ada.

microcephaly

Nau'i na biyu shi ne jariri zai yiwu Pathology irin cututtuka kamar microcephaly. Idan aka lura da rage a cikin taro na kwakwalwa da jariri, da bambanci ga yara masu lafiya, da kuma sakamakon rage a cikin size of shugaban karkara.

Akwai da yawa haddasawa cewa fararwa da ci gaban da cutar. Yana iya zama daban-daban cututtuka za'ayi a kan lokacin daukar ciki, abin mãye da tayin a cikin mahaifar Uwa na barasa, taba da kuma kwayoyi. Musamman m ne irin wannan daukan hotuna a lokacin farkon ciki, a lokacin da duk gabobin da kuma tsarin da ake kafa kawai yaro.

Barnatar da shafi da yin amfani da wasu maganin rigakafi a lokacin daukar ciki. Tasirin rediyoaktif radiation, fetal mai guba guba, kwayoyin munanan, da kuma haihuwa lahani iya zama wani dalili na neonatal microcephaly. A wannan yanayin, da kwanyar da yaro zai kasance da yawa kasa idan aka kwatanta da yara wanda basu da cutar.

bayyanar cututtuka na microcephaly

Microcephaly jariri iya ko gane gani, ba tare da gudanar da ƙarin dubawa. Wannan cuta yana tare da wadannan cututtuka:

1. Shugaban karkara da jariri ne 2-3 sau daban-daban daga na kullum a cikin karami gefen. Idan lafiya yara shi ne 32-38 cm, a neonates, marasa lafiya da microcephaly, adadi ne kawai 25-27 santimita. A hoto na jariri yara da microcephaly aka gani cewa siffar kwanyar sun canza - fuskar yaro yana girma, da kuma shugaban kanta ya rage kananan.
2. kwakwalwa nauyi a yara masu lafiya game da 400 g, da kuma neonatal marasa lafiya da microcephaly, shi ne a kusa da 250 g
3. M tauraron dan adam na ce cututtuka su ne wadanda sabawa matsayin "kogon lebe" squint "kogon palate."
4. Marasa lafiya haife tare da microcephaly yara fontanelle rufe ko rufe da shi ya auku a watan farko na rayuwa.
5. Kid kula a baya a wani tunanin da harshen gaba. Duk da haka, ya ba kawai ba zai iya ya yi wasa da kalmomi da kuma sauti, amma kusan ba ya fahimtar magana da harshen sauran.

Microcephaly ne a halin yanzu, da rashin alheri, m cuta. Jiyya ne yafi nufin, domin ya rage lahani.

macrocephaly

Wani irin yiwu Pathology ne macrocephaly. A magani, da haka ya kira karuwa a kwanyar size da kuma kwakwalwa nauyi a cikin rashi na dropsy. A wannan cuta, kwakwalwa iya auna 2850 grams. Wannan Pathology iya zama asymptomatic, amma bayyanar da kwakwalwarmu tare da kusan babu daban-daban daga al'ada.

Macrocephaly ne a nakasar cuta, amma shi iya faruwa bayan haihuwa. Abin baƙin ciki, da dalilai ga wanda da shi ya auku, suna a halin yanzu ba a sani ba.

Ko da your jariri dolihotsefalicheskaya siffar da kai, kuma babu sabawa da munanan a cikin siffar kwanyar, shi wajibi ne ya kamata kula da jariri don hana abin da ya faru na zubar cuta. Gaskiyar cewa, ƙashi na daga cikin kwanyar sun kwanan nan ya bayyana a kan crumbs haske ne in mun gwada taushi, ba ƙẽƙashe, don haka cikin dogon lokacin da jariri kwance a wuri guda domin nakasawa daga cikin kwanyar kasũsuwa, ashe, da kuma shugaban yana yiwuwa ya zama fi'ilan jifa-jifa. Don dolihotsefalicheskaya siffar da shugaban tayin ya canza, a cikin ta farko 12 makonni na rayuwa a matsayin iyaye bukatar canja wuri na wani jariri sau da yawa kamar yadda zai yiwu, kowane lokaci tunzura shi a kan sauran gefe.