Digest - abin da yake da shi?

A halin yanzu ku da nazari za mu mayar da hankali a kan narke. Mene ne wannan? A cikin shekaru na Internet da kuma ci gaban fasahar sadarwa, da dama yankunan da aiki motsi zuwa wani mai sarrafa kansa matakin. Shi ne ba togiya da kuma kafofin watsa labarai sarari. A zamanin yau, akwai mutane da yawa internet bincike, wanda nuna hourly labarai guda game da wani musamman taron. By wannan yake nufi yanar tare da siyasa, na wasa, zamantakewa, tattalin arziki da kuma sauran labarai. Idan wadannan albarkatun suna dauke karkashin Prism na "kafofin watsa labarai harsãshensa," cewa su duka rabo irin wannan abu a matsayin narke. Mene ne wannan? Bari mu ga!

Digest - abin da yake da shi? Definition da kuma siffofin

A zahiri translation daga "nike" na harshen Turanci - wani summary (da narke) ko ci gaba (kalmar digerere c Turanci fassara a matsayin "rabo"). A Rasha, da kalmar "Digest" aka fi samu a kafofin watsa labarai. Wannan ra'ayi yana nufin duk wani bayani da samfurin (selection, labarin ko littafin), wanda ya ƙunshi wani takaitaccen bayani da topic karkashin tattaunawa. A narke ana harhada core matsayin articles, wanda su ne mafi ban sha'awa da kuma dacewa da wallafe a takaice form (a iyakancen lokaci lokaci). A shahararsa ta wannan format ne saboda gaskiyar cewa matsa data ba ka damar da sauri familiarize kanka tare da m labarai, mai raba topic ko wani dayan nazarin.

Digest - abin da yake da shi? Ma'anar da kuma aikace-aikace format

A takaice, manufar "nike" - shi ne wani anthology na excerpts (sammaci, epigraphs, da dai sauransu) dauka daga dama bayanai kafofin. The fitarwa ne a takaice wani nau'i na musamman Genre, theme, ko taƙaitawar. Wadannan da misali da format na wani internet littafin "Gramota.ru", wanda sanya taƙaitaccen bayani na labarai mujallar "Rasha harshen waje." A NP sinadaran portal ChemPort yana da "kwayoyin Digest", wanda ke da hedkwata a cikin "News of kimiyya." A general, da kalmar "nike" manufar zuba jari reprints na waje kayan a rage yawan tsanaki. Akwai fiye da ɗaya da ɗari misalai na rare online wallafa da suke aiki a wannan manufa. Wadannan damuwa da kuma cikin "Reader ta Digest" - sanannen American magazine, wanda ya ƙunshi mafi dacewa siyasa da labarai events a cikin past watan.

A tarihin format

Ka'idar rubutu matsa collections da aka sani tun lokacin da. Mafi mashahuri misali ne "Digesty" - taƙaitaccen bayanin kula da excerpts daga cikin rubuce-rubucen na Roman imamiyya, da suka sanya babban arziki da Byzantine dokar. Daga baya "Digesty" da aka sake masa suna da "Code yakin dama."

Tsohon Slavic digests

Saboda haka, nike. Mẽne ne da kuma inda zo daga? A cikin tarihi na Ancient al'ummai ma suna da wani wuri da muke la'akari da ra'ayi. Known littafin "Zlatostruy" (rubuta a zamanin d Bulgaria) da aka kafa a kan manufa ta sujada succinct sanarwa. Yana ƙunshi dukkan moralizing da halittar Ioanna Zlatousta (a cikin Extended version, akwai game da 136 rubuce-rubuce).

"Miscellany Svyatoslav" - shi ne na uku mafi tsoho (bayan "Ostromir Linjila" da kuma "Novgorod Code") da rubutun d¯a, waxanda suke da ayyukan da Church Ubanni a dunkule da kuma m hanya. A zamanin da, wannan manufa na Tattara bayanan da littafin ya yadu yarda da kuma rare. Wannan category ya shafi littafin "Catechism", wanda yana dauke da kayan yau da kullum na bangaskiyar Kirista (da littafin da aka rubuta a cikin wata tambaya da amsar format, wanda kuma da dama a karkashin kalmar "nike").

Bisa ga wadannan connotations shi za a iya ƙarasa da cewa zamani mediainformatsionnaya area (littattafai, kafofin watsa labarai, labarai portals, da dai sauransu) daukan kan mafi yawansu, da akida, da kuma tsare-tsaren na tsufa. Akwai babu irin wannan abu a matsayin "nike". Wannan harshen samu da sunan a duniya a yau. Tun da farko tarin na gajeren bayani da kuma rubuce-rubucen ake magana a kai "tsantsa", "lura", "abstracts", da sauransu.

Digests a Rasha

Kuma abin da idanu na Rasha mutane zuwa nike? Mẽne ne da kuma yadda za a yi amfani da a Rasha? A farko format digests bayyana a Rasha a cikin 17th karni. Duk da haka, ko da daga baya babu irin wannan kalma. All wallafe, mujallu, da kuma tarin, wanda ya yi aiki a kan manufa na data matsawa, aka kira "chimes". Yanzu da kalmar "Chime" da aka yi amfani a matsayin tarihi lokaci domin Rasha-harshen sake dubawa na Turai tura a cikin marigayi 17th - farkon 18th karni. Daga baya, a cikin tsakiyar karni 18th, suka fara amfani da kalmar "tsantsa". Farko shi ya fara yin "College harkokin waje na kasar." A karkashin definition na tsame shi ya shafi ba kawai Turai manema review, amma kuma short thematic gabatar da wasu takardu (da buga ko handwritten form).

Inda yanzu yi amfani da "digests"?

Kuma idan muka yi magana game da zamani Rasha da kuma manufar "nike"? Mẽne ne a cikin wannan ma'ana? A lexicon na Rasha-magana jama'ar na kalmar "nike" ya bayyana a cikin marigayi 20th karni. The kungiyar "Rasha National Corpus" da aka fara rubuta kalma a 1993. Duk da haka, wannan kalma an yi amfani da a cikin 80s. A farkon da sifili manufar "nike" ya zama mai wuce yarda gaye, don haka shi ne sau da yawa amfani a fannoni daban daban. Saboda wannan, kalmar ba kafa cikakken. Wannan ra'ayi ne kullum zuba jari duk sabon da kuma sabon ma'anar. Alal misali, "Digest sake dubawa" - An riga da-kafa ra'ayi na rare video sharing site "Youtube".

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da yawa daga cikin rare labarai portals aiki a kan manufa da retyping bayanai daga wasu kafofin a cikin gajeren tsari. Duk da haka, wannan rarraba "digests" ba ya kawo karshen akwai. Wannan manufa ta tsawon aka yi amfani da talabijin watsa shirye-shiryen, gidan talabijin jerin, fina-finai da kuma majigin yara, da sauransu. Alal misali, a cikin Rasha talabijin talk show "Bari su Magana" a kan Channel sau da yawa amfani digests. Kafin ka fara a cikin studio domin tattauna wani abu, kana ya gabatar da wani pre-movie ne game da canja wurin batu. Saboda haka, za ka sauri fahimci ainihin taken don gudanar da shawarwari da kuma ci gaba da kula da show daga tsakiyar. Irin wannan video jerin (watau. E. Digests) ya nuna bayan talla. Wasu TV shows aka saka da nike kafin talla hutu. Wannan ne yake aikata domin ya kiyaye da viewer ta amfani da bayan talla (domin sau da yawa, a lokacin da wani tallan farawa, da viewer da aka sauya zuwa wani tashar). Mafi mashahuri misali ne narke na "Comedy Club". A viewer ne samuwa ga mafi kyau guda na m show ga 'yan seconds.