Fuhrer - a ... ma'anar kalmar "Führer"

"Führer" - a Jamus kalma. Ya ji shi, yawanci tuna da sunan daga cikin mafi munin laifi na XX karni - Adolf Hitler. Yadda zahiri fassara wannan kalma? Kuma idan yana da wasu ma'anoni?

The shugaban, wanda kuma shi ne da Fuhrer

Fassara daga Jamus da aka sani, watakila, ga kowa da kowa. "Jagoran", "shugaban" - wani suna da irin wannan analogs da suke samuwa a cikin Rasha harshe. Der Führer kalma zo daga fi'ili f ühren, wanda fassara a matsayin - "kai", "je", "iko". Akwai sauran dabi'u.

D er Führer - kai, da kai. Wannan kalma kuma za a iya fassara a matsayin "mai shiryarwa," "madugun", "Guide". Wadannan dabi'u da m dangane da ra'ayi cewa muna la'akari a cikin wannan labarin. Bayan da Führer - shi ne wanda ba kawai ya aiwatarda. Ya kaiwa da mutane zuwa ga mai lura da burin cimma duniya farin ciki wanda ke zuwa.

Farin ciki na gaskiya zai shafi kawai zaɓaɓɓu. Alal misali, wakilan da "m tseren". A farko ne a darajar samu kalmar "Führer". Translation daga Jamus zuwa 1941 a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, da korau da ƙungiyoyi daga cikin mutane ba sa. Bayan duk, wadannan dokoki a bayyana Fuhrer - wani mutum wanda saboda wasu dalilai da za a kira da shugaba.

Hitler

Jamus ba Hitler take "Führer". Yana sauti m ga wani wanda ya san fassarar kalmar. Amma babu kasa m zuwa kasashen waje sau daya tunani da kuma amfani da kalmar "shugaban" dangane da Stalin.

Fuhrer - wani shugaba. Kameraden - aboki. Bã su da wani yawa a cikin na kowa Nazi da kuma Stalinist mulkin kama karya. Wannan ya sanar a yau rubuta littattafai masu yawa. Amma duk da haka Vasiliy Grossman , a littafinsa "Rayuwa da Fate" idan aka kwatanta da zãlunci, zãlunci daga cikin karni na ashirin, ga wanda ya daga baya biya. Wannan kalma na da yawa tabarau. Kuma akwai korau a rabi na biyu na karni na ashirin.

Fuhrer - mai kama karya. Kana iya ce godiya ga Hitler a Jamus harshen bayyana na ginin jumla neologism. Kuma kawai 'yan shekarun da suka gabata bayan karshen yakin duniya na II a kasar mu fara fito fili ya kwatanta Jamus manufar "Führer" tare da Rasha kalmar "shugaban". Amma, sabanin Stalin, Hitler ya wannan lakabi a wani jami'in matakin.

A Fuhrer da Duce

A cikin thirties, forties da kuma na farko da rabin Hitler ta ya m countrymen sau da yawa kira kawai - Führer. Yana zama resistant jumlar Jawohl mein Führer! (Yavol, mein Fuhrer). Translation: "Eh, na shugaba!" The sunan Jamus shugaban bai ce a banza. Mai tsoron Allah Jamusawa sun gaba daya manta game da umarni: "Kada ku yi wa kanku wani gunki!" Ga bayani a kan yadda Hitler ya iya lashe kasa soyayya, iyaka a kan masu tsattsauran ra'ayi sha'awa, rubuta da yawa na tarihi ayyukansu. Duk da haka, ya gudanar ya zama da Führer ba nan da nan.

A hanyar wannan mutumin da siyasa scene ya kasance dogon. Hitler samu wannan lakabi ne ba sauki. Domin saya da lakabi na Fuehrer ya kasance a gare fiye da shekaru goma da aka inganta, nemowa mafi muhimmancin da kuma girmama daga cikin mambobin na Jamus Ma'aikata 'Party. Da farko ya bai lura. Ya sa'an nan ya zama mai ban mamaki, da kuma bayan, da kuma girmamawa. By ƙarshen thirties mafi yawan jama'a na Jamus shirka kadan mutumin, da ciwon haka kadan a na kowa tare da hankula Jamus.

A 1922, wahayi zuwa gare ta Hitler, Mussolini, kuma shi ne ya Maris a Roma. Italian siyasa ya zarar ta zarce a duk: ta'adi, sirri, ƙarfi, da tasiri a kan talakawa. Duk da haka, shi ya kasance daga baya. A farko Hitler aro daga Mussolini title. Führer - yana da guda Duce, kawai a Jamus hanya.

SS Reichsführer

Daya ma'anar der Führer - shugaba. A jumlar "Fuehrer" ba daidai. SS - wani raguwa na kalmar Schutzstaffel, wanda ke nufin kwantar da tarzoma samuwar, wanda, kamar kowane shiri, akwai wani shugaba. Sun kasance Reichsführer. Zahiri, shi ne title na Rasha harshen za a iya fassara a matsayin "na sarki shugaba."

A karshe Jamus jami'in mamaye gidan na Reichsfiihrer SS ne Karl Hanke. Amma a cikin wannan matsayi da ya kasance kamar kwana shida. Stories sani mafi for Genrih Gimmler - Reichsfuhrer SS daga shekara ta 1929 zuwa 1945. Kuma da ban sha'awa shi ne ba kawai da rayuwar wani tarihi adadi, amma kuma mutuwa.

Himmler aka kama a karshen yaki da tsohon Tarayyar fursunonin yaki. Gaskiyar cewa shi ne Reichsfuehrer, babu wanda ya san har shi da kansa ba zai yarda da shi. Sa'an nan Himmler ya iya daukar wani kashi na potassium cyanide, stockpiled da jami'an al'ada, ya kuma mutu, kuma kafin su tambaya. Gaskiyar cewa mutumin da ya ayyana kansa kuma Himmler kashe kansa, ya gaske Reichsfiihrer, na dogon lokaci shakka. Saboda haka nan da nan exhumation aka za'ayi bayan da yaki.

Standartenfiihrer

Wannan shi ne wani SS daraja. Standartenfiihrer corresponded zuwa ga daraja da kanar. Yana da wannan yanka ya gwarzo daga cikin shahararrun Soviet jerin "GOMA SHA BAKWAI Moments na Spring" Isayev. The kalmar "Standartenfiihrer" da aka samu a cikin fina-finai, kuma a cikin wallafe-wallafe. Sunan wannan tsari ake, misali, a cikin littafin Strugatsky "Litinin fara ranar Asabar".

Sonderfuhrer

Kammala jerin Concepts na soja terminology, shi ya kamata a kira, kuma wannan daraja. Sonderfuhrer - jami'in mamaye wasu wurare saboda wani kwararren basira.

wasu dabi'u

Führer morpheme ne wani ɓangare na da yawa hadaddun Jamus kalmomi da ciwon quite m darajar. misali:

• Parteiführer (shugaban).
• Oppositionsführer (jagoran 'yan adawa).
  
• Spielführers (kyaftin).
• Abteilungsführer (Head of Department).
  
• Zugführer (shugaban jirgin kasa).