Cikin shahararrun masana ilimin tunani na duniya

Interest a cikin kimiyya da rai, shi ne ya fassara a matsayin kalma "Psychology", ya samo asali da yawa da suka wuce ƙarni mutãne. Kuma har yanzu shi ne ba quenched, amma a maimakon haka, ya barke tare da sabunta karfi. A wannan yanayin na dogon lokaci shahara Psychologists sun sha canza, ɓullo da kuma karin kimiyya tunani game da ciki duniyar mutum. Ga mutane da yawa ƙarni suka rubuta da yawa daga littattafai, articles da littattafai a kan wannan topic. Kuma ba shakka, sanannen Psychologists, binciko nuances, kuma tausasãwa na kimiyya da rai, Mun sanya shi wani m samu, wanda suke da babban m muhimmancin a cikin kwanaki na yau. Sunaye kamar su Freud, Maslow, Vygotsky, Ovcharenko, da aka sani a ko'ina cikin duniya. Wadannan shahararrun masana ilimin tunani sun zama gaskiya firtsi a cikin binciken yankin. Domin su, da kimiyya da rai ya kasance wani ɓangare na rayuwarsu. Wane ne suka kuma yadda godiya ga kimiyya ci gaba da zama shahara? Ka yi la'akari da wannan tambaya a cikin mafi daki-daki.

Sigmund Freud

Domin da yawa, cikin shahararrun psychologist - wannan shi ne shi. Ya neman sauyi ka'idar da aka sani ga kusan kowa da kowa.

Sigmund Freud aka haife shi a 1856 a cikin Austro-Hungarian garin Freiberg. Wannan mutum ya zama mai gaskiya gwani a fagen ilimin tsarin jijiyoyi. Ya main nasara ta'allaka ne da cewa ya ɓullo da wani koyaswa da cewa ya zama tushen da psychoanalytic makaranta. Yana da wani sanannen psychologist, Freud sa a gaba da ra'ayin cewa cikin hanyar wani Pathology na juyayi tsarin ne a hadaddun na da hankali da kuma sume matakai cewa muhimmanci da tasiri juna. Shi ne mai real nasara a kimiyya.

Ibrahim Harold Maslow

Category "Famous Psychologists", babu shakka, ba shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin ba tare da wannan talented masanin kimiyya. An haife shi a 1908, a Amirka, New York. Ibrahim Maslow ɓullo da ka'idar bil'adama tunani. A cikin monograph za mu iya samun irin wannan abu a matsayin "Maslow ta Dala". Yana da aka gabatar tare da musamman zane-zane, wanda wakiltar ainihin mutum bukatun. A tattalin arziki, ya ce da dala samu da widest aikace-aikace.

Melani Klyayn

A cikin category na "sanannen yaro psychologist," ta mutum ba karshe wuri. Melani Klyayn aka haife shi a 1882 a Austria babban birnin kasar. Ta ko da yaushe nostalgically tuno da yara, da aka cika da farin ciki da farin ciki. Interest a cikin kimiyya da rai na Melanie farka bayan ta sau biyu sha wahala da psychoanalysis.

Daga bisani, Klein ya rubuta m kimiyya monographs a kan al'amurran da yaro psychoanalysis. Kuma duk da cewa ka'idar Melanie zai gudu counter ga Freudian rukunan yaro analysis, ta iya tabbatar da cewa mai sauki yara wasan zai iya gano da yawa asirin da yaron ya psyche.

Viktor Emil Frankl

Famous Psychologists na duniya - shi ne kuma masanin kimiyya Frankl surname. An haife shi a 1905 a Austria babban birnin kasar. Ya zama shahararren for musamman binciken a fagen tunani, ba kawai, amma kuma falsafa. Frank ta kokarin sanã'anta Uku Viennese School of Psychotherapy. Shi ne marubucin "Man ta Search for Meaning." Kuma cewa wannan rubutun shi ne dalilin da canji na wani m Hanyar psychotherapy, wanda aka fi sani da logotherapy. Mene ne ma'anar? Yana da sauki. Man ko'ina ya zama na kokarin magance matsalar da gano ma'anar rayuwa.

Adler Alfred

Wannan mutumin ma nasa ne da kimiyya manyan malaman da suka bar mai zurfi alama a Psychology. An haife shi a Penzing, Austria a 1870. Abin lura shi ne gaskiya cewa Alfred bai zama mai bin Freud. Ya gangan hana membobinsu a cikin psychoanalytic al'umma. Kimiyya zangar a kusa da shi kansa kungiyar na abũbuwan shirkinmu ne a karkashin sunan "Association of Mutane daya-daya Psychology." A 1912 ya wallafa wani monograph "A yanayi na jijiya."

Ba da da ewa, ya qaddamar da halittar "Journal of Mutane daya-daya Psychology." Lokacin da Nazis kwace mulki, ya tsaya ya kimiyya aiki. A shekara ta 1938, Alfred asibitin da aka rufe. Ko ta wani hanya, amma ya kasance da kawai gwani a fagen tunani, wanda ya kare da ra'ayin cewa, babban bangare ne na cin gaban hali - da so don adana da kuma ci gaba da kansa bambancinsa da kuma individuality.

Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa image na rayuwar mutum yana da tasiri kai tsaye a kan ingancin kwarewa da cewa ya samu cikin tsufansa. Wannan kwarewa ne karfi da dangantaka tare da ji na collectivism, daya daga cikin uku m sume motsin zuciyarmu a cikin tsarin da "I". A zane style of rayuwa bisa wani tunani na al'umma, amma shi ne ba ko da yaushe batun ci gaba da kuma iya zama a cikin ta jariri. A karshen harka, akwai iya zama jayayya da rikice-rikice. Masana kimiyya jaddada cewa, idan wani mutum zai iya samun kowa da harshen tare da wasu, ya zama neurotic ba barazana da shi, kuma ya wuya musulmi in yayi kokarin daji da rash ayyukan.

Bluma Zeigarnik

Wannan ne ma a duniya-mashahuri masanin kimiyya. Famous mace psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik aka haife shi a shekarar 1900 a cikin Lithuanian garin muhawara. Ta yi karatu tunani a irin wannan shahara kwararru kamar Karl Levin, E. Spranger, K. Goldstein. Zeigarnik shared kimiyya ra'ayoyi bayyana a Gestalt tunani. Abokan adawar da wannan ka'idar sun sha kokarin dissuade Bluma ziyarci Levin azuzuwan, amma ta zauna m. The mace shahara ga cewa don ware na musamman da juna, wanda daga baya ya zama da aka sani da "Zeigarnik sakamako".

Ma'anarta ne mai sauki. A mace psychologist ya sa sauki kwarewa. Ta ya tattara wani adadi na mutane da kuma tambaye su ga wani takamaiman lokaci don warware wata matsala. A gwaje-gwajen Bluma zo ga ƙarshe cewa ayyuka na ba a kare ba mutumin ya ambaci da yawa fiye game ƙare.

Hakob Pogosovich Nazaretyan

Yabo na wannan masanin kimiyya a fagen tunani da kuma taro hali a fagen al'adu Anthropology ba za a iya overemphasized. Hakob Nazaretyan - a 'yan qasar na birnin Baku. Ya haife masanin kimiyya a 1948. A lokacin da shekaru na sabis don kimiyya, ya rubuta wani babban yawan monographs, wanda diddigin matsalolin al'umma ci gaba ka'idar.

Bugu da kari, Hakob Pogosovich ya marubucin zato cewa a duniya akwai wani techno-agaji balance, wanda shi ne a kusa da dangantaka da fasaha ci gaba da kuma al'adu.

Lev Semenovich Vygotsky

Ya wajaba a kira da Mozart da tunani, ko da yake a ãdalci ya kamata a lura da cewa da farko ya yi karatu mabanbanta duniyoyin na ilimi. Ya shiga Medical Faculty, sa'an nan canjawa wuri zuwa da Attaura. Kuma ko da ya nuna nadiri sha'awa cikin wallafe-wallafe. Ya bar wani masanin kimiyya da kuma babban sawun a cikin kimiyya da rai. Lev Vygotsky aka haife shi a 1896 a cikin Belarushiyanci garin Orsha. Wannan masanin kimiyyar iya amince zaton ga jerin mai taken "Famous Psychologists Rasha." Me ya sa? Eh, na farko na duk domin shi marubucin na al'adu-tarihi ka'idar a Psychology. A 1924 Vygotsky a cikin aikinsa m na reflexology. A shekaru baya ya zama warai karatu al'amurran da suka shafi na magana da kuma tunani, kuma Ya halitta a kan topic bincike. Yana Lev Semenovich tabbatar da cewa, tafiyar matakai na tunanin da cewa tunani da kakkarfan interlinked tare da juna. A cikin 1930s, domin ya views yi mashi wani masanin kimiyyar wannan zalunci: Soviet jami'an kokarin bijirar da shi ga hargitsi na akida yanayi.

Mozart Psychology bar 'yan muhimman hakkokin ayyukansu, da yawa daga littattafai, na kunshe a cikin tarin ayyukansu.

A cikin rubuce-rubucen, ya rufe m matsaloli na hali ci gaba, tambayoyi na da tasiri a gama ainihi. Hakika, Vygotsky ya yi babban taimako ga kimiyya da rai da related tarbiyya: harsuna, falsafa, sani akan cututtuka, pedagogy.

Viktor Ivanovich Ovcharenko

Wannan fice malamin da aka haife shi a 1943 a garin Dimitrovgrad (Ulyanovsk yankin). Ya ayyuka ne wuce yarda da babbar a Psychology. Ta hanyar bincike da kimiyya da rai ya sanya gagarumin ci gaba a cikin sabon ci gaba. Viktor Ivanovich rubuta ba daya aiki na da muhimman hakkokin muhimmancin. The masanin kimiyyar da aka nazarin da sociological tunani da kuma warai karatu da tambaya da interpersonal dangantaka.

Ya monograph buga ba kawai a Rasha, amma kuma a cikin kasashen waje kafofin watsa labarai.

A shekarar 1996, da kimiyya al'umma Ovcharenko samarwa da ra'ayin sake tunani da na tarihi lokaci na Rasha psychoanalysis. Ya qaddamar da samar da wallafe, wanda nuna da biography na 700 da suka shahara, ciki har da masana ilimin tunani, falsafa, da al'adunsu.