Chemical Properties na tushe

Sansanonin ne hadaddun mahadi hada da biyu babban tsarin aka gyara:

1. Gidroksogrupp (daya ko fiye). Saboda haka, ta hanyar, da kuma na biyu sunan daga cikin wadannan abubuwa - "hydroxides".
2. Da karfe zarra ko ammonium ion (NH4 +).

Title sansanonin asali daga hada duka biyu sunayen da aka gyara: msl, alli hydroxide, cupric hydroxide, da azurfa hydroxide, da dai sauransu ...

The kawai banda ga general mulkin tushe samuwar kamata a yi la'akari ammonium hydroxide, a lokacin da gidroksogrupp ba shiga zuwa karfe da kuma zuwa ga ammonium cation (NH4 +). Wannan abu da aka samar a cikin akwati inda akwai rushe a cikin ruwa na ammonia.

Idan muka magana game da kaddarorin kwasfanta, ya kamata a lura nan da nan cewa gidroksogrupp valence daidaita hadin kai, da bi, yawan wadannan kungiyoyin a cikin kwayoyin zai dogara ne a kan abin da valence mallaka amsawa karafa. Misalai a cikin wannan hali zai iya bauta wa dabara abubuwa irin NaOH, Al (OH) 3, Ca (OH) 2.

Idan muka magana game da jiki Properties na filaye, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa dukkan su ba tare da togiya - daskararru ne mafi bambancin launuka. A waɗannan lokuta inda gidroksogrupp da alaka da monovalent karafa, yawanci kafa readily mai narkewa tushe a cikin ruwa, a duk sauran lokuta sakamakon tushe dauki a ruwa kusan insoluble. Waɗanda suka yi readily mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, suna kira alkalis. Su chemically abubuwa masu haɗari lalatattu to fata da kuma mucous membranes. Bayan monovalent karafa, Alkali kuma siffar da ake kira alkaline-duniya karafa - misali, kamar barium, strontium.

Chemical Properties insoluble sansanonin karya a gaskiyar cewa wadannan mahadi ne ko dai asali ko amphoteric hydroxides. A karshen su reacts tare acid nuna hali a matsayin Alkali, da kuma mataimakin versa, hulda da alkalis, acid nuna alamun. Kadarorin insoluble sansanonin suna yadu amfani da haske da kuma manyan masana'antu.

Chemical Properties sansanonin bayyana a cikin halayen da acid, salts, wasu sansanonin, kazalika da Manuniya a cikin aikin. A musamman, da Alkali iya sanin cewa ko bayani da aiki ga wani nuna alama. A wannan yanayin, shi ne kula da canza launi: misali, a litmus gwajin na fari ya jũya blue, da kuma phenolphthalein - rasberi.

Chemical Properties na sansanonin bayyana a cikin hulda da acid, kai ga halayen sanannun neutralization. Jigon wannan wani dauki cewa da karfe atoms shiga acid saura samar da wata gishiri, da kuma gidroksogrupp da hydrogen ion, a lokacin da a hade, ana tuba a cikin ruwa. A neutralization dauki, wannan dauki da aka kira domin bayan shi yana ba alkaline kuma acid.

Halayyar sinadaran Properties bayyana sansanonin da su dauki tare da salts. Ya kamata a lura da cewa narkewa salts a dauki zo ne kawai Alkali. A tsarin fasali daga cikin wadannan abubuwa kai ga cewa wani sabon gishiri, wani sabon, yawanci insoluble, tushe a cikin dauki.

A karshe, da sinadaran Properties na filaye da kyau bayyana kansu a lokacin thermal sakamako a kan su - dumama. A nan, dauke da fitar wasu gwaje-gwajen, shi wajibi ne don kai tuna cewa kusan dukkan sansanonin, fãce Alkali, a lokacin da tsanani da nuna hali musamman m. Mafiya yawa na su kusan nan da nan decomposes a cikin jerin oxide da ruwa. Idan muka dauki tushe karafa kamar azurfa da Mercury, a al'ada yanayi da suka ba za a iya samu, a matsayin riga fara decompose a dakin da zazzabi.