Camellia chinese: girma a gida

An ji sunan "camellia" har ma a cikin wadanda ba su taba ganin wannan shuka a rayuwarsu ba. Lalle, wannan shine abin yabo Aleksandra Dyuma da ya shahara labari "The Lady na Camellias", immortalized wadannan kyawawan furanni da kuma ba su da wani Aura na romance cewa ta ci gaba da wannan rana. Sunan furanni, ko da yake yana da mahimmanci sosai, amma wannan ya faru ne daga sunan dan Kamel Czech wanda ya kawo wannan shuka zuwa Turai daga Manila (Philippines) a karni na 17.

A little bitany

Jinsin "camellia" na iyalin "shayi" kuma yana da, bisa ga sababbin bayanai, fiye da nau'in jinsin. Masu shayarwa da suka samo asali daga rassan sune tsari na girma ya fi girma. Yawanci, shrubs ko ƙananan bishiyoyi ne, ba su da kyan gani a cikin hunturu. Camellia ganye suna da haske, mai yawa, elliptical a siffar, duhu kore a launi. Girman su ya bambanta daga 3 zuwa 15 cm cikin tsawon, dangane da irin shuka. Camellia - tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire, da tsire-tsire a cikin yanayi mafi sanyi na shekara: marigayi kaka, hunturu da farkon lokacin bazara.

Showy furanni Camellia bayyanar kama wani fure. Da iri-iri suna mamaki! Suna ninki biyu da biyu, kuma suna da sauƙi, masu sassauci, suna da yawa a cikin siffar, tare da adadi na diamita na 3 zuwa 15. Bugu da ƙari da furanni na fari da launin ja, furen camellia na iya zama duk tabarau na ruwan hoda, rawaya kuma har ma ya bambanta: Impregnations ko iyakoki. Ƙanshin furanni na mafi yawan nau'in camellia yana da kusan babu, tare da wasu ban. Kwayoyin da aka kafa bayan flowering suna kama da kananan kwayoyi a cikin harsashi mai wuya, waɗanda aka samo su a cikin ƙananan rufi. Flowers a kan shuka na dogon lokaci - kimanin wata daya. A wasu nau'o'in, ba su bushe ba, amma sun fada gaba ɗaya, saboda haka, baza su kwashe ganimar daji ba.

Camellia Kasar Sin: kawai shayi

Domin irin wannan wani m sunan matsayin Sin Camellia (Camellia sinensis), bai kamata ba sauran fiye da shayi daji. Kasashen da ke cikin wannan shuka ita ce kudu maso gabashin Asiya, kuma an dasa shi ne a farko don noma a kasar Sin: ganyayyakin camellia na kasar Sin shine albarkatun kasa don yawan abin sha a duniya. Na gaba ya zo camellia zuwa Japan kuma ya kasance mai ban sha'awa a cikin samurai. Na farko da aka ambaci sunayen camellias ya koma zuwa karni na farko AD kuma yana hade da Japan.

Mafi yawan daga bisani an kawo shuka zuwa Turai. A cewar kafofin daban-daban, wannan ya faru daga 16 zuwa 18th century, amma ya tabbata cewa akwai camellia na dogon lokaci an dauke shi mai daraja da tsada tsire-tsire, wanda ya cancanci na aristocracy. A ƙarshen karni na 18, camellias ya zo Amurka - duka kamar shayi da shayi da tsire-tsire. A Rasha, camellias ya bayyana a karni na 19. A matsayin kayan aikin lambu, sun kasance masu farin ciki a cikin manyan al'umma. Bugu da kari, an yi ƙoƙarin yin girma da shayi, da farko a Crimea, da kuma lokacin Soviet a yankin Krasnodar.

Bayyanar

Koyon Sinanci na Camellia bai yi kama da 'yan uwanta masu kyau ba, amma ya cancanci ƙoƙarin girma gidansa a tukunya. Furen furanni da rawaya suna kama jasmine. Ba su da yawa, amma suna da ƙanshi mai kyau. Kullum magana, kowane camellia ba gida ba ne. Yafi dace da shi yanayi a cikin birane Apartments. Sabili da haka, ana ganin camellia sosai mai ban sha'awa - wannan duk da cewa a cikin yankuna na hawan dutse suna girma a cikin ƙasa ba tare da wata matsala ba, kamar yadda weeds, har ma tare da ganewa da ƙananan gishiri. Amma idan kun san abubuwan da zasu iya inganta wadannan ƙawata, to, watakila, za su yi farin ciki don masu martaba. Camellias suna girma a hankali, amma suna rayuwa sosai: a cikin yanayin yanayi - daruruwan shekaru.

Kula da camellia: babban matsaloli

Babban makiyi na shayi daji a cikin yanayin gidaje na zamani shine matsanancin bushewa na iska, zane da kuma yawan zafin jiki a cikin hunturu. Matsalar na iya zama ƙasa mai nauyi, saboda sakamakonsa sunyi lalace kuma, sakamakon haka, mutuwar shuka, kazalika da tsire-tsire mai zurfi na flower. Yayin da kamfanin camellia ya fara girma, ya kamata kasar Sin ta kasance a wuri mai sanyi - kawai yana bukatar hunturu mai kyau. Bayar da wannan a cikin tsakiyar ƙarawa ba haka ba ne mai sauki. Tebaran da aka yi zafi wanda yanayin da ba zai sauke ƙasa ba 5 ° C shine wuri mai kyau domin wannan lokacin. A cikin gida mai zaman kansa gidan tebur mai dacewa ya dace.

An ƙayyade yanayin zafi a iska ta hanyar spraying, wanda wajibi ne don guje wa laima a kan furanni, da kuma tsalle da tsararru mai tsabta. Ruwa ya kamata kula da hankali: a yanayin yanayin zafi, yanayin damuwa zai iya faruwa. Duk da haka, idan ƙasa don camellia an daidaita daidai - zuba furanni zai zama matsala.

Nuances na camellia girma

Akwai ra'ayi cewa a lokacin flowering da camellia ba za a iya taɓa shi ba: canzawa, juya da sake sake shi. Wannan ba haka bane: lokacin flowering don wannan shrub, wanda ya dace, yayi daidai da sauran lokutan, sabili da haka a wannan lokaci zaka iya yin wani abu tare da shi, ko da dashi, ba tare da jin tsoron lalata lambun ka ba. An dasa shi mafi kyau a kusa da ƙarshen lokacin flowering, lokacin da shuka ke da furanni.

Yayin da ake yin rikodin kodan - a matsayin mai mulkin, yana faruwa a rani - camellia yana bukatar haske mai kyau da matsakaici watering, da zafin jiki na kimanin 20 ºС ko ma dan kadan ya fi girma. Hasken rana mai haske shine mafi kyau don warewa, saka tukunyar shuka a gefen kudu-yamma. A ganiya zazzabi domin maturation na buds ba fi yadda 15 ºС, da kuma tsawon lokacin flowering har ma da kasa - daga 8 zuwa 12 ºС. Ruwa don ban ruwa dole ne ya zama mai laushi, za ka iya ko da dan kadan ya shafe shi. Camellias ba su jure wa wuce haddi. Idan tsarin zazzabi da zafi ba su dace da abin da ake buƙata ba, camellia ba zai yi fure ba kuma ya watsar da buds.

Bukatun ga ƙasa

Kamfanin Camellia na kasar Sin yana bukatar wata ƙasa mai laushi. Zaka iya amfani da gauraye masu shirye-shirye don azaleas ko rhododendrons, wanda ya kunshi peat, ƙasa mai laushi, perlite da yashi. Ƙasa daga kudancin gandun daji kuma cikakke.

Magunguna don camellia suna buƙatar adadin kuɗi. Zai fi dacewa wajen ciyar da tsire-tsire a cikin bazara, lokacin ci gaba. Daidaita mai narkewa mai haɗari. Amma ga kwari, camellias za a iya shafa aphids ko gizo-gizo mites, amma wannan ya faru, a cewar lambu, sosai wuya.

Kamfanin Camellia

Mafi sau da yawa camellia ne propagated by apical cuttings da 3-5 ci gaba ganye. Rooting na harbe daukan quite lokaci mai tsawo, 3-4 watanni. Akwai wata hanya: zaka iya kokarin girma camellia daga sabo tsaba. Abin takaici, maki ba a kiyaye su ba. Da farko, ana jarraba tsaba na camellia kasar Sin don germination, yin immersed su cikin ruwa. Idan iri ya tashi, ba zai tashi ba. Ya kamata a yi amfani da tsaba da yawa a cikin ruwan zafi (game da 70 ºС), sau uku canza ruwa. Za a iya cire fata mai tsabta.

Bayan duk manipulations, ana sanya tsaba a cikin ƙasa mai laushi ba mai zurfi ba - 3-5 cm ya isa. Domin amfanin gona, an shirya gine-gine, yana rufe akwati da fim ko gilashi kuma sanya shi a wuri mai dumi. Lokaci-lokaci yana da muhimmanci don bar iska ta shiga. Seedlings ya kamata a bayyana cikin watanni 1-2. Zaka iya dashi a cikin tukwane masu rarraba bayan bude sassa biyu, ba tare da burrowing gabar kafar ba.

Dabbobi iri iri na camellias da aikace-aikace

Bugu da kari ga camellia na kasar Sin, anan wadannan nau'o'in shuka suna sanannun: dutse, manseed, net, Jafananci, Saluen, zane-zane, tsirrai na maye gurbin Williams hybrids da sauransu.

Camellia Japan-Sin daji sosai sha'awar shayarwa. Bugu da ƙari, kokarin su na nufin samarda launuka na sababbin tabarau - m, murjani, kirim, farin lu'u-lu'u, da kuma iri masu sanyi. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga kasarmu, saboda yankunan da waɗannan furanni masu kyau zasu iya girma ba tare da matsaloli a cikin ƙasa ba, sun kasance kaɗan.

Abin sha'awa shine, camellia Jafananci da Sinanci-camellia sun sami aikace-aikace a magani. Daga matasan sa sun sami muhimmancin man fetur, wanda shine ɓangare na maganin antiseptic da kayan ado.