Aleksandr Dyuma: biography da kuma aiki na da sanannen marubuci

Daya daga cikin mafi yadu karanta marubuta a duniya - Faransa Alexander Dumas, wanda kasada litattafan da miliyoyin magoya a duk faɗin duniya ke riga cikakken ƙarni biyu.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka

A nan gaba mahaliccin wallafe-wallafen Masterpieces haife shi a 1802 a cikin iyali na soja jami'in Tom Aleksandra Dyuma da hotel mai 'yar, sunanta Maria Luisa Labur.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka, yaron ya tafi zuwa ga 'yan qasar shiri - Villers-Cotterets. Strong da abota da Adolf Alexander De Levonom ya kai ga cewa matasa Dumas bayyana tsanani sha'awa cikin wasan kwaikwayo da kuma wasan kwaikwayo a general, da sauransu. Alexander Dumas ga kaina wani actor, mukaddashin a kan mataki, amma ya mafarkin da wani aiki marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo.

A kan hanyar zuwa kerawa

Ba da ciwon da isasshen kudi da kuma duk wani tsanani support, Dumas koma Paris. Ya kyakkyawan rubutun hannu ya yale shi ya sa mai kyau matsayi, ko da ba tare da ta dace da ilimi.

Sane da shortcomings kuma gibba a su da ilimi, Aleksandr Dyuma farawa da wuya a karanta. Daya daga cikin sabon abokai taimake shi ya cika a cikin gibba, yin for matashi jerin littattafan da ya kamata shakka karanta.

A farko play

Bayan wani lokaci, Dumas, sha'awar da sassaka, wanda ya gaya game da kisan Monaldeschi, yanke shawarar rubuta ban mamaki play game da Swedish sarauniya. Ya za a kira play "Christine". Saboda tsanani sãɓã wa jũna a tsakanin marubucin kwaikwaiyo da kuma m mutane na lokaci, da play kuma ba za a aiwatar da wasannin Comedie Francaise.

Part a cikin juyin juya halin. siyasa tsananta

A 1830, Aleksandr Dyuma zama wani aiki takara a juyin juya halin, wanda aka qaddara domin ya lashe. Daga bisani Dumas da zarar flatteringly game da matasa, wanda ya zama tushen da juyin juya halin Musulunci gwagwarmaya.

A shekara daga baya, matasa marubuci da aka tsananta, wanda yake da dalilai na siyasa. Tartsatsi jita-jita, da cewa ya aka kama shi kuma kashe, ba tare da ko da jiran a kotu hukunci. A jita-jita, sun karya ba, amma da marubuci ne da gaske barazana da tsanani matsaloli da doka. Kan bango na halin da ake ciki, Alexander yanke shawarar da ya tsere kasashen waje a Switzerland.

Rayuwa kasashen waje

Duk da yake kasashen waje, Dumas ba a zaune idly ta. A 1840, marubuci halatta dangantaka da wasan kwaikwayo actress Idoy Ferer, amma bayan 4 shekaru biyu rabe. Ya Sahaban sun akai-akai lura da cewa, ana bin doka da aure, marubucin tsunduma a cikin wani al'amari tare da wasu mata. Dumas albashi a wannan lokaci aka kiyasta a matsayin sosai high, amma hanyar rayuwa kamar yadda wani alatu, kuma ko da dissolute. Aleksandr Dyuma ya sanya niyya kokarin ci gaba m aikin: ya shirya nasa wasan kwaikwayo wasan kwaikwayo da kuma fara buga nasu wallafe-wallafen mujallar. Abin baƙin ciki, babu wani daga cikin gudanarda ayyuka bai samu wani tsanani ci gaba.

Active aiki a cikin wallafe-wallafen filin

A 1851 da halin da ake ciki ya kasance haka da cewa Dumas ya gudu sake, wannan lokaci dalilin ga nan da nan tashi fara matsaloli tare da bashi. A marubuci aka tilasta tafi zuwa Belgium. A Bryussele Aleksandr fara rubuta sanannen "Memoirs", wanda aka nuna yabo sosai ba kawai ta hanyar da marubucin, amma kuma ta m sukar.

A lokacin aiki lokaci aikinsa, Alexander Dumas rubuta wata babbar lamba na wasanin kwaikwayo da kuma comedies, mafi yawan abin da ake abada dauka ta wuri na girmamawa a cikin tarihi na duniya wallafe-wallafe. Marubucin nasa ne irin Masterpieces a matsayin "The Count Monte Kristo," "The Three Musketeers", "Paris Mohicans" da kuma wasu almara ayyukansu. Duk da alkalami zo daga fiye da mutum ɗari biyu da ayyukansu, ciki har da sanannen "Great dafuwa kamus".

Mutu Aleksandr Dyuma, wanda biography aka bayyana a cikin wata kasida da a cikin 1870 a Faransa. Ɗansa, kuma Alexander, ya zama marubuci. Don bambanta su mawallafi, sau da yawa zuwa sunan babban jami'in Dumas kara da prefix "mahaifinka."

bayar da gudunmawa

Mutane da yawa daga cikin ayyukan Dumas halitta tare da haɗin gwiwar wasu marubuta. Daya daga cikin su shi wani Mac. The m sakamako na hadin gwiwa da ya kai ga protracted kai kara. A lashe a su kasance Aleksandr Dyuma, wanda littattafai sun riga sun gane. Magana da dansa bayan abokan aiki Madsen ta mutuwa da'awar cewa ba wani asirin da yarjejeniyar tsakanin Dumas da kuma Maquet mahaifinsa shi ba.