Black bear: description, mazauninsu da abinci mai gina jiki

Tun a tarihi mai nisa, mutum bai wa wasu namun dajin musamman Aura na asiri. Daga cikin su akwai baki bear, shi ne mafi tsoho irin. Su tarihi da ke mayar da fiye da miliyan daya da shekaru.

bayyanar

Wannan bear yana da dama daban-daban sunayen - Asian, baki, da Tibet, da kuma aka fi sani da Himalayan. Ya jiki ne ba yawa daban-daban daga sauran 'yan bear iyali. Amma a kusa da jarrabawa, za ka iya ganin siffofin musamman don wannan nau'in.

A size baki bear ruwan kasa da yawa na baya zuwa ga dangi. Adult maza isa a tsawon ba fiye da 170 cm da su nauyi dabam daga 110 zuwa 150 kg. Gina sauki, don haka da bears ne mafi mobile kuma agile. Manyan taso kunnuwa, located in mun gwada da kananan shugaban, ba dabba a rarrabe bayyanar. Shiny da silky Jawo kyau baki masu launin guduro samar da wata irin kwala nape. White lamba a kan kirjin a cikin wani nau'i na jinjirin wata - musamman rarrabe alama na beyar, saboda wanda ya samu da sunan da. Rayuwa Hasashen kan talakawan shi ne kasa da shekaru 14. A nama na wadannan dabbobi ne sosai mai daraja, da cewa shi ne na babban sha'awa dayansu. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin dalilan da yau baki bear aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi daga Rasha.

habitats

Asiatic baki bear zauna cikin yankunan duwatsu na Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan zuwa Japan da Korea. A Rasha, wanda zaune da farko a cikin Primorsky da Khabarovsk Abuja. Haka kuma an samu a cikin arewacin Vietnam da kuma tsibirin Taiwan.

Wannan bear fi son su rayu a cikin Pine gandun daji da kuma itacen oak gandun daji na 'ya'yan itace-hali, inda ya gana da Manchurian gyada, Linden, Mongolian oak. Guji spruce-fir taiga, Birch gandun daji da kuma daji. Yawanci, black bear zauna cikin gandun daji zone located tare da kogin kwaruruka, dutsen gangara, da tsawo daga wanda ba ya wuce 700-800 mita. Kamar wuraren mamaye deciduous gandun daji. A cikin Himalayas, suka za a iya samu a lokacin rani da kuma a tsawon 4 km, in winter shi Bears saukar da kullum na Shefela. Zaba mazauninsu ga baki bear barin sarari kawai a lokuta inda akwai matsaloli tare da abinci.

hanyar rayuwa

Mai ransa ne wata dabba ciyarwa a kan itatuwa, da samun a can abinci da kuma kubuta daga maƙiyansu.

Saboda haka Whitechest (Himalayan) Yanã mai hawa itatuwa, yin shi mai girma da kalmomin sirri a cikin tsufa. A lokacin saukarsa, ko da wani sosai tsayi itacen daukan kasa da 3 da dakika.

Den ya kuma shirya a cikin itacen, zabi ga wannan babban zurfin m, a wata tsawo na ba kasa da takwas mita, ko ta amfani da haihuwa itacen da komai core (poplar, basswood da kuma itacen al'ul). Yana gnaws da ake bukata darajar da tasowa a rami girman da sarari cikin itacen. Wannan kogo na kowane bear ba daya. A taron na hadari ne ko da yaushe a madadin shirin, inda shi iya boye. A jure hunturu baki bear zai ciyar game 5 watanni - daga Nuwamba zuwa Maris, wani lokacin barin su den har Afrilu.

Wadannan dabbobi kullum neman kawaicin da nake yi. Amma ta faru da cewa a wuraren da yawa daga abinci, 'yan mutane za su iya zo tare. A wannan yanayin da matsayi ne tsananin lura, shan la'akari da shekaru da kuma nauyi na namiji. Wannan shi ne musamman bayyananne tare da farko na kiwo kakar.

Dangantaka da juna Bears wajen samun yin amfani da ido lamba, hali da nuna matsayin su. Idan dabba zaune ko ta'allaka saukar - wani hali na biyayya. A wannan abu da yake faruwa na baya. The rinjaye bear ko da yaushe motsi zuwa ga abokin hamayyarsa.

Yankin ne gida baki bear, iyakance zuwa urinary alamomi da cewa maza alama da iyakoki da dũkiyõyinsu. Bugu da kari, sun Rub bayayyakinsu a cikin kututturan itatuwa, da barin su zuwa ga wari.

abinci

A rage cin abinci na wadannan dabbobi ne mafi yawa shuka abinci, don haka spring a gare su - da mafi wuya lokaci. Kafin ya bayyana a yalwace kore ciyayi, shuke-shuke, buds ne a cikin abinci, da rage na bara ta acorns da kuma kwayoyi, tushen da kuma kwararan fitila da suke da su yi ta tono daga ƙasa.

A farkon lokacin rani, lokacin da na farko baki bear ciyawa saukar a kwarin, cin abinci da matasa harbe angelica, sedges da hogweed. Kada ka miss ma da yiwuwar ya ci qwai da kuma kajin. A lokacin da cikakke rasberi, currant, ceri, Pine kwayoyi, su ne babban abinci ga bears. Ko sosai haihuwa dabbobi saukin hawa bishiya a search na abinci. A lokaci guda shi ya sa ya quite ban sha'awa. Oblomov kuma tsince a furen tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa, bear slips shi a karkashin shi, don haka bayan wani lokaci, ƙõramu kafa wani abu kamar wani gida. A da shi, dõmin ya kasance mai dogon lokaci, ci da kuma shakata.

Kamar yadda ruwan kasa uwan, black bear - babban zuma masoya. Ga shi sun kasance a shirye don hawa zuwa wani tsawo, ko da gnaw ta hanyar da thickest bango na itace, inda daji ƙudan zuma zaunar.

A mai kyau shekara domin jari na mai reserves kai ne kawai isasshen kwayoyi da kuma acorns. Makonni shida, na ciyar da nauyin mai kyau mai reserves adult ne yawanci up to 30% na jiki nauyi.

Farfagandar da kuma samar da zuriya

Jima'i balagagge shekaru bears ya kai 3-4 shekaru. Ma'abota kakar yana wajen daga Yuni zuwa watan Agusta, haƙĩƙa, sun shige wajen zare jiki. Bayan 7 months, in winter, da mace haife yawanci 1 ko 2 da makafi kusan tsirara cub. da nauyi ba ya wuce 800 shida makonni baya da yara aka rufe da farko m fuzz, wanda nan da nan bada hanya zuwa baki gashi. Suna riga da gani da ji, za a iya matsar kusa da kogon da Daniyel.

Da zuwan spring, a lokacin da kafa wani m m zazzabi bears da uwarsa bar kogo. By wannan lokaci da nauyi ya karu da sau 5. Suna ciyar da abinci mafi yawa nono, amma tare da zuwan kore ciyawa motsi a kan makiyaya, waxanda suke da musamman yawa a cikin kogin kwari. Baya da kuma saukar da uwarsa kananan baki bear, a zaune har da kaka.

Next hunturu da suke ciyarwa tare a cikin kogo, da kuma kaka riga fara wani zaman kanta rayuwa.

iyakance dalilai

Human baki da kuma farautar sa babban cutar da yawan jama'a na beyar. Local mutane da wuya bi da dokoki a kan farauta, da harbe-harben da dabbobi a kowane lokaci na shekara, sau da yawa bayan kwanciya su a cikin rashin himma, duk da cewa da baki bear ne a cikin Red Littãfi daga Rasha.

Wani factor bayar da tasu gudunmuwar da rage a cikin yawan wadannan dabbobi, mai kama kifi deforestation, gobara. Dayansu a search na ganima sau da yawa yanke ta cikin ramuka a m itatuwa, sa'an nan kuma suka zama m ga bears. Duk wannan bai ba da dabbobi lafiya yanayi na rashin himma. Sai ya faru da cewa su suna tilasta su ciyar da hunturu a kan ƙasa.

Rashin lafiya Haven take kaiwa zuwa wani karuwa a mutuwa bears da yara. Za su iya kai farmaki da damisa, ruwan kasa bear, da kuma matasa ne sau da yawa wadanda ke fama da kerkẽci da Lynx.

kariya matakan

Bayan da baki bear da aka jera a matsayin miyagun, farauta ne gaba daya haramta. Musamman hankali ne ya biya zuwa da kiyayewa key habitats wannan nau'in, da kuma tsananin iko a kan karewa da lalata ta mafaka. Don adana yawan Himalayan shaida directed da kuma karfafa yaki da Wolves. A domin dawo da yawan wadannan dabbobi ne namun daji, huruminsa da kuma yanayi reserves da wani m mazauninsu yanayi na su. Apiary, wanda sau da yawa ziyarci da beyar, sanye take da musamman lãbãraiya na'urorin.

Himalayan bear da mutumin

Wannan nimble, duk da ungainly bayyanar, da kuma leken asiri ta dogon janyo hankalin mutum da dabba. A aka hada da yawa tãtsũniyõyin da Legends. Ability baki bear ne sauki daidaita da zaman talala, shi ya kai ga cewa, wasu membobin wannan jinsuna sun zama gaskiya circus aikatawa. Suna da horar da kuma trainable dabaru.

Dindindin mazauni na zoo, haifar da wani yawa na masu sauraro juyayi, mai baki bear. Red littafin, wanda ya yi waɗannan dabbobi, bi da su zuwa category na m, da kuma hada a Rataye na 1 na buga da aka haramta motsi na beyar kasuwanci dalilai.

Har yanzu dauke da Himalayan bears quite wuya a bauta. Domin dawo da su zuwa ga ƙasar haihuwarsa, a cikin Primorsky Krai Gyaran wurin samun ruwa Center aka halitta, inda dabbobi suna horar da su zauna a cikin daji.