Babban siffa daga cikin ruwa mazauninsu ne ... Properties na cikin ruwa habitats

Ruwa ya dade ba kawai a bukata kafun ga rayuwa, amma kuma da mazauninsu ga mutane da yawa kwayoyin. Shi yana da yawan musamman fasali, abin da muka bayyana, a wannan labarin.

Cikin ruwa mazauninsu: halayyar

A yawan muhalli dalilai aka bayyana a cikin kowane mazauninsu - da yanayi a karkashin abin da rayuwa alƙarya da daban-daban jinsunan. Idan aka kwatanta da ƙasa-iska, ruwa habitats (Grade 5 nazarin wannan topic a labarin kasa Hakika) halin da high yawa da kuma wani m matsa lamba drop. Its rarrabe ne kananan adadin oxygen. Cikin ruwa da dabbobi, da na cikin ruwa kwayoyin da ake kira, variously saba da rayuwa a irin wannan yanayi.

Environmental kungiyoyin na cikin ruwa kwayoyin

Mafi yawa daga rayayyun kwayoyin halitta aka mayar da hankali a cikin kauri daga cikin ruwa na teku. Su suna da ha in kungiyoyin biyu: plankton da nektonic. Na farko da kungiyar hada da kwayoyin cuta, blue-kore algae, jellyfish, kananan crustaceans, da sauransu. N. Duk da cewa da yawa daga gare su iya iyo a kan nasu, ba su iya yin tsayayya da karfi igiyoyin. Saboda haka, motsi planktonic kwayoyin daga ruwa halin yanzu. Karbuwa a cikin ruwa habitats bayyana a cikin kananan size, low musamman nauyi da kuma gaban halayyar outgrowths.

Don nekton kwayoyin ne kifi, cephalopods, na cikin ruwa dabbobi masu shayarwa. Ba su dogara a kan ƙarfi ne, kuma shugabanci na kwarara da kuma motsa a cikin ruwa kadai. Wannan na taimaka wa streamlined siffar jikinsu da kuma da-ɓullo da fins.

Wani rukuni na cikin ruwa kwayoyin da aka perifeton. Wannan ya hada da ruwa mazaunan, wanda aka haɗe zuwa substrate. Wannan soso, wasu algae, murjani polyps. A iyakar ruwa da kuma ƙasa-iska yanayi zaune neuston. Wannan shi ne yafi kwari, wadda ake da alaka da wani ruwa fim.

Kadarorin cikin ruwa habitats

Daga cikin muhalli dalilai na ruwa yanayi taka rawar da haddasa daga zafin jiki da kuma yanayin haske. Su za a iya dauke da za a iyakance. Saboda haka, matsakaicin zurfin at wanda akwai shuke-shuke da aka game da 270 m. A can da cewa ja algae sha dabam haske. Kara zurfi yanayi na photosynthesis ba a can.

Cikin ruwa mazauninsu, wanda halayyar ne sosai m, kuma ko da daban-daban Manuniya kamar jini. Mun gode wa tasiri dabbobi iya rayuwa ne kawai a wasu zurfin.

da zazzabi yanayi

Babban siffa daga cikin ruwa-ruwa yanayi ne cewa idan aka kwatanta da iska shi ne kasa m zazzabi hawa da sauka. Alal misali, a cikin farfajiya yadudduka na cikin teku, wannan adadi bai wuce 10-15 digiri a sama sifili. A ruwa zazzabi a cikin zurfin m. Its ƙananan iyaka kai -2 digiri centigrade. Irin wannan zafin jiki da aka bayar da wani babban takamaiman zafi damar ruwa.

haske kududdufai

Wani babba siffa daga cikin ruwa-ruwa yanayi ne cewa zurfin da makamashin hasken rana rage-rage. Saboda haka, kwayoyin wanda rayuwarsa dogara a kan wannan nuna alama ba zai iya rayuwa a babban zurfin. Da farko shi shafi algae. Kara zurfi 1500m haske ba ya shiga a duk. Wasu crustaceans, coelenterates, kifi, da Shellfish da dukiyar bioluminescence. Wadannan zurfin teku su kansu dabbobin, samar da hasken da sia hadawan abu da iskar shaka. Tare da irin wannan sakonni sun sadarwa tare da juna.

ruwa matsa lamba

Musamman karfi nutsewa ji kara ruwa matsa lamba. 10 m, wannan adadi yakan to yanayi. Saboda haka, mafi yawan dabbobi aka saba kawai zuwa wasu zurfin da kuma matsa lamba. Alal misali, annelid tsutsotsi rayuwa ne kawai a cikin intertidal zone, kuma coelacanth saukar da zuwa 1000 m.

Motsi ruwa da talakawa

The motsi na ruwa iya samun daban-daban yanayi da haddasawa. Saboda haka, a canji a duniya tamu ta matsayin dangi da rãnã da watã sa gaban a cikin teku, da teku, da tides. A ƙarfi daga cikin Duniya ta nauyi da kuma rinjayar da iska ne da ya kwarara a cikin kõguna. The m motsi na ruwa taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin yanayi. Shi ne migratory ƙungiyoyi na daban-daban kungiyoyin na cikin ruwa kwayoyin, kafofin abinci da oxygen, wanda shi ne da muhimmanci musamman. A gaskiya cewa abun ciki na da muhimmanci gas a ruwa zuwa 20 sau da ƙananan fiye da ƙasa-iska yanayi.

Inda ya yi da oxygen a cikin ruwa a can? Wannan shi ne saboda da yadawa da kuma algae ayyuka da cewa gudanar da wani photosynthesis. Saboda su yawan rage-rage tare da zurfin an rage da kuma maida hankali oxygen. A cikin kasa yadudduka, wannan adadi ne kadan da halitta kusan anaerobic yanayi. Babban siffa daga cikin ruwa-ruwa yanayi ne gaskiya cewa oxygen taro rage-rage tare da kara, gwargwado, kuma zazzabi.

Nuna alama na ruwa, gwargwado

Kowa ya sani cewa da ruwa ne sabo ne da kuma m. A karshen kungiyar hada da tekuna da kuma tekuna. gwargwado index aka auna a ppm. Wannan adadin daskararru da suke a 1 g na ruwa. A talakawan gwargwado teku ne 35 ppm. The mafi ƙasƙanci kudi da tẽku, located a zura sandunan na duniya. Wannan shi ne saboda lokaci-lokaci narkewa dutsen kankara - babbar tubalan na daskararre sabo ruwa. Mafi yawa daga cikin duniya shi ne m Tekun Gishiri. Akwai ba guda jinsunan rayayyun kwayoyin halitta. Its, gwargwado yana kusa da 350 ppm. Daga cikin sinadaran abubuwa a cikin ruwa predominates chlorine, sodium da kuma magnesium.

Saboda haka, babban alama mai ruwa-ruwa yanayi ne ta high yawa, da danko, a low zazzabi bambanci. Rayayyun kwayoyin halitta da kara zurfin iyakance ta da adadin makamashin hasken rana da kuma oxygen. Cikin ruwa rayuwa, wanda ake kira na cikin ruwa kwayoyin, na iya komawa ruwa ya kwarara ko motsa a kan nasu. Don rayuwa a cikin wannan yanayi, sunã da wani yawan adaptations: gaban gill numfasawa, fins, streamlined jiki siffar, kananan zumunta jiki nauyi, wani hali outgrowths.