Arles, France: description, jan hankali

Arles City - daya daga cikin mafi girma a Provence (France). Yana bautarka wani yanki na 758 km² a yankin Neja Delta na Rhône, kawai yamma da Marseille. A birni aka sani na da tsoho shafukan. Bugu da kari, da yawa yawon bude ido a nan yakan haifar da samun damar ganin birnin cikin abin da ya zauna da kuma aiki mai girma Van Gogh.

Daga cikin tarihi na birnin

A zamanin da wannan gari a Faransa kira daban - Arelate. Its farko mazaunan sun Ligurians. A tsawon lokaci, ya zama birnin da wani ciniki tashar jiragen ruwa, wanda daga baya (123 BC. E.) The Romawa suka kan. Bayan da shiri na canal, wanda nasaba da birnin zuwa Bahar Rum, Arelate ya zama yana kokarin muhimmanci shiri, ko da yake har yanzu baya ga Massilia (yau Marseille), located a bakin tekun.

A lokacin Kaisar yaki da Pompey, Kaisar dauki gefe na 'yan kasa, wanda, bayan nasarar ya Arelate yawa gata. A birnin akwai wani sansanin shida yankin da kuma mallaka na Tsohon soji. A tsawon lokaci, yanzu Arles ya zama wani muhimmin addini da kuma cibiyar al'adu na Narbonne Gaul - Roman lardin. Saboda haka suka fara da baza Kristanci a Gaul.

A IV-V ƙarni Sarkin sarakuna Constantine na gina a cikin wanka. Ba da da ewa da aka haife shi da ɗansa - Constantine II. A VI karni, Visigoths nasara da kuma halaka birnin, da kuma a 739 ikon Arelate ya wuce zuwa cikin Larabawa. Tare da 934 na Arles a 1032 ya zama babban birnin Mulkin Arles. A birnin rasa ta siyasa 'yancin kai a cikin 1239 da kuma aka annexed ga County Provencal, rasa darajar da babban tashar jiragen ruwa na Marseille.

Tun 1481 birnin ne a wani ɓangare na Faransa. Arles tattalin arzikin ya shiga dakushe marigayi XV karni, kuma ya zama daya daga cikin larduna garuruwa na kudancin Faransa. A yau shi ne wani muhimmin masana'antu da aikin gona da cibiyar na Faransa. Akwai da yawa gidajen tarihi, tarihi da kuma gine-gine da jan hankali, da yawa daga abin da suke kunshe a cikin jerin al'adun ta UNESCO. Don karanta su, dole ne ka yi tafiya zuwa kudu na Faransa. Wannan shi ne inda za ka iya sha'awan da musamman Monuments da ji dadin tarihi yanayi.

Arles, France Tarik

Mene ne na ƙwarai da wannan birni? A Kudu na Faransa ne halin da na gargajiya na wadannan wurare raya birane - jin dadi kananan gidaje sanya na fari tubalin, wanda aka rufe da ja tiles, tare da blue shutters - don haka yanzu duba unguwannin na Arles. Tsakanin gidaje sun karye itace-sahu hanyoyin, wanda shi ne ko da yaushe kyau shakata a kan dadi bencina.

Kuma a cikin tsakiyar birnin ne tsoho Roman gine-gine, wanda da yawa matafiya synonymous Arles.

amphitheater

Pearl, kuma daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali da cewa wannan sanannen birni a Faransa, shi ne mai Roman amphitheater. Da masu bincike jayayya da cewa shi aka gina a 46 BC. A zamanin da shi ne daga cikin wuraren da gladiator yãki da aka gudanar. A amphitheater iya saukar da game da 25,000 kallo. Ga shi aka yin fim na almara Hollywood film "Gladiator".

A VI karni AD, da amphitheater ya tuba - shi aka juya a cikin wani USAID. Duk da arches da passageways aka aza a saman sun overbuilt watchtowers. Ciki da sansanin soja akwai biyu chapels da 200 gidaje. Babban fagen fama ne tsakiya yanki.

Kuma kawai a cikin XIX karni fara mayar da asali bayyanar da tsoho gine-gine. A yau shi ne wata alama ce da birni, daya daga cikin mafi rare da ya ziyarci 'Monuments. Ga sa opera premieres da kuma gudanar sau biyu a shekara bullfighting.

babban coci

Idan ka faru ziyarci kudu na France, to, watakila za ku yi mamaki babbar dama haikali da majami'u a cikin wannan aramin wuri. Wani janye daga birnin, wanda aka yaushe ziyarci da yawon bude ido ne Cathedral of St. Trofim.

An located a cikin zuciya na birnin, kusa da zamanin d Roman gine-gine. Cathedral a Arles (France), gina a shafin inda akwai amfani da su zama mafi tsoho tsarin - St. Stephen ta Cathedral (V karni BC ..). A wancan zamanin Kiristanci A Turai kuwa, har yanzu a karkashin ban, kuma mai tsarki Trofim shi ne karo na farko da kiran kasuwa, na bishop, da kuma biya tare da ransa - Trofim gilla jajjefe.

Firist, shahada, canonized. Ya sauran kaya da aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga coci a 1152, da kuma a lokaci guda babban coci da aka sake masa suna. Tun shekarar 1981, babban coci a Arles, shigar da UNESCO Duniya Heritage List. Tashin Almasihu, cikin Tsohon Alkawari da kuma tarihin rayuwarsa a duniya tsarki Tarofimas da kuma Stephen kasance babban batutuwa na sufi na rajista.

necropolis

Alyscamps - Tsoho Roman necropolis, inda suka binne shi daraja 'yan ƙasa. Yana kuma samu ya karshe wurin hutawarka, kuma mai tsarki Trofim. A tsakiyar zamanai m 'yan ƙasa na Arles son Alyscamps shi ya zama karshe kyaun wurin ƙailũla.

A hankali fadada birnin Arles, a XI-XIII karni, yawan mazaunanta ya karu da yawa. A cikin tsohon hurumi yana da dama kananan majami'u, da abin da kawai kango ake kiyaye yau. By da XVIII karni Alyscamps juya a cikin wani bude iska gidan kayan gargajiya. Amma a 1848 ne wani ɓangare na jirgin da aka dage farawa, wanda keta mutuncin gungu.

Saboda gaskiya cewa a kan lokaci da birnin a Faransa ya muhimmanci kumbura sãsanninta, da necropolis kasance daya daga cikin yankunan tsakiya da birnin. Yau, da gidan kayan gargajiya hadaddun ne wani titi, wanda aka firam a garesu na da yawa sarcophagi. Yana take kaiwa zuwa coci na St. Honoratus. Wannan wuri ya yi wahayi zuwa a kan aikin na Gauguin da Van Gogh, wanda fentin da shi a kan canvases.

Roman gidan wasan kwaikwayo

Cikin tsofaffin gini na birnin Arles (France). Roman wasan kwaikwayo da aka gina a lokacin mulkin sarkin Augustus. Yana da 33-bene wurin zama, zai iya saukar da game da 8000 kallo. A tsakiyar zamanai, da gidan wasan kwaikwayo juya a cikin wani quarry: dutse, wanda aka kawo daga Roman gidan wasan kwaikwayo, da garun birnin da aka gina. Daga raya bango na scene 'yan ginshikan an kiyaye yau.

Mafi yawa daga cikin kayayyakin gargajiya samu ta archeologists a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo a yau za a iya gani a cikin birnin Art Museum da LOUVRE. Sassaka na Venus na Arles, kazalika da sassaka na Daina allahiya, wanda aka gano a cikin 1651, an dauki mafi muhimmanci da Finds.

thermal baho

Wannan hadadden za ka shakka bayar da shawarar zuwa ziyarci townspeople, idan ka zo a Arles. France a kan iyakarta da dama irin wannan Tsarin ba, amma cikin hadaddun, bisa ga masana, shi ne mafi kyau kiyaye dukkan. Thermal baho, qazanta da sunan da Sarkin sarakuna Constantine, aka gina a yankin arewacin birnin. Don mu kwana na zarar sararin hadaddun na gine-gine mai kama da m fadar, dan kadan kiyaye su.

Abbey Monmazhur

Wannan tsawwala gini, located 5 km daga garin Arles (France), located a kan wani m tudu. Azahiri Abbey Monmazhur yayi kama da sansanin soja. Yana da aka gina a cikin X karni da kuma aka dauke a Turai (tsakiyar zamanai), daya daga cikin mafi ziyarci hajji shafukan. Sauran gidajen lama a yankin kafa ta sufaye da suka zo daga Abbey Monmazhur.

A zamanin da, kwarin, da kewaye tuddai, an Scotland, amma shi ya drained kafin gina sufi. A farkon da XVIII karni a Baroque Abbey da aka gina a matsayin gidaje gina a cikin XII karni, shi ya fadi cikin disrepair. A 1786 da mazaunin Rohan aka caje a cikin wani "abun wuya" da kuma Abbey aka rufe, mafi yawan coci dukiya da aka kwace da hukumomi na birnin da kuma sayar.

gidajen tarihi

A wannan Faransa birni yana da yawa ban sha'awa wurare. Kada ka yi zaton cewa kawai d ¯ Roman Tsarin za ka iya yi mamaki Arles (France). Abin da ya gani a cikin birni, ban da wadannan Monuments? Mun bada shawara ga ziyarci gidan kayan gargajiya Arlatan, kafa a 1896 ta Nobel marubuci Frederic Mistral. A abin tunawa ga shi da aka gina a cikin Forum yankin.

A gidan kayan gargajiya na da lafiya tarin takardun, zane-zane, da kuma tufafi sirri abubuwa na mazauna Provence. A nan ne juyin halitta na tufafi Arles mazauna duk zamantakewa azuzuwan, daga XVIII karni zuwa yakin duniya na farko.

Museum Réattu

A Arles Réattu tabbata ga ziyarci gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda aka located a cikin picturesque sufi da XV karni, a gaban wani ajali na Constantine. Mafi yawa daga cikin nuni ne m kayan zane XVIII ƙarni.

Musamman mashahuri a cikin baƙi daga cikin gidan kayan gargajiya a kai sassaka "Woman da Violin" ta Picasso, kazalika da 57 na zane yi a canza launin fensir da kuma tawada. Daga cikin Clowns da bifurcated mutane za ka iya ganin ban mamaki a cikin sauki da kuma asali na hoto mahaifiyarsa. Domin gidan kayan gargajiya Réattu lullube tare da jerin fitilu yawo. An sosai ƙaunar tafiya van Gogh.

Mafi yawa daga cikin bangare tare da Bistros da kuma sanduna a lokacin yaki (1942) aka halaka. Harin na jiragen azabtar da Nazi Jamus da kuma zama "Yellow House", da aka located a kan Square Lamartine, a cikin abin da Van Gogh rayu lokaci mai tsawo.

Park na Camargue

Yanayi masoya iya ji dadin kyau na National Park da Camargue. Ga za ka iya duba da yadda da a vivo hali m ruwan hoda flamingos, daji ducks, Camargue dawakai rare irin.

Wannan shakatawa nufin laya ka da lush da bambance bambancen ciyayi. Ka gladly dauki yawo a kan ta Inuwa hanyoyi da kuma numfashi crystal-share iska.