Abraham Lincoln. The shugaban Amurka, da kuma rawar da ya taka a cikin abolition na bauta

Abraham Lincoln - shugaban kasar na cikin United States of America, na sha shida a jere. Ya mulki kasar daga 1861 zuwa 1865, kuma wannan lokacin da aka alama ta wata babbar motsi a cikin shugabanci na zama dimokuradiyya. Abin da ya wannan mutumin? Za mu iya cewa Lincoln ta biography - wani jinsin hujja na gaskiya daga cikin "American Dream." Wannan shi ne wani real selfmade mutum, wanda ya samu duk abin da a rayuwar kawai ga aikinsa, kuma iyawa. An haife shi a 1909, ɗan wani matalauci haure manomi, ya kai Heights na zamantakewa tsani, karkashin jagorancin Republican Party (1854), kuma ya kasance shugaba na kasar.

Its manufa, kazalika da ganin na da akida, shugaban kasar Lincoln ya dade da wuya. A kan ya kunsa da aka rinjayi mutane da yawa dalilai. A 9 shekaru haihuwa ya rasa mahaifiyarsa. Uwar rana shuka a cikin matasa Ibrahim soyayya na karatu. A gidan da aka daya kawai littafin - da Littafi Mai Tsarki, da kuma yaron koyi da shi da zuciya. A nan gaba shi ne na sosai ilmi na Nassosi akai-akai taimake shi a bainar jama'a magana. Irin wannan allusions stunningly yi a kan sauraro.

Tilasta yin wani rai a wuya jiki aiki, Abraham Lincoln - shugaban kasar a nan gaba - don ilmantar da kanmu. A ra'ayin siyasa, suna sosai rinjayi da ayyukan Faransa haske Figures, kazalika da Benjamin Franklin da kuma Thomas Jefferson. Ko sa'an nan, saurayin ya gane cewa bautar - mai wulãƙantarwa sabon abu da dole ne a kauda. ya a cikin wannan ra'ayin, a lokacin da Lincoln iyali koma Illinois har ma fiye da kafa. Wannan jiha ya kasance shekaru 12 tun bautar da aka soke. Policy Shugaba Lincoln farko dauki a 1832, lokacin da ya sanar da tsayawa takara a zaben da ƙananan gidan na Illinois Whig. Akwai sai ya samu irin shahararsa cewa akai-akai sake zabe sau uku. A 1856 a Amurka, wani sabon ƙungiya - Republican, da kuma Lincoln zo cikin da darajõji. Bayan shekaru biyu, sai ya sallama fuskarsa takarar domin zaben da majalisar dattawan Amurka. By hadisi, zaben da aka riga da wata muhawara a wadda Lincoln skhlesnulsya tare da abokin kokawarsa S. Douglas. Ko da yake cin nasara ya tafi zuwa karshen, shi ne wani "gidan raba", kishin batun bauta a Amurka, suka jẽ wa Ibrãhĩm da category na Figures na farko daraja, a fagen siyasa.

Saboda haka, a cikin 1860 zaben shugaban kasa tsakanin yan takara hudu ci Lincoln. A da shugaban kasar Amurka ya dauki ofishin a wani ban tausayi lokacin a cikin tarihin kasar. A 1861, kudancin jihohin ayyana ballewa. Lincoln kokarin yin zaman lafiya tare da rabin matakan, yana nuna cewa, gwamnatin tsakiya ba ya nufin su tsoma baki tare da jihar doka da kuma warware bautarmu ba, amma resolutely ki shigar da shi a cikin sabon yankuna. A 1862, shi amince da homestead dokar, wanda azurta vesting na kowane dan kasa na ƙasar rabo. Wannan harka ta zubar da kimar da sosai akai na bawa-rike latifundia.

Amma rai ya yi sabawa. Shi nan da nan ya juya daga cewa ci gaban tattalin arziki na kasar ne ba zai yiwu ba ba tare da abolition na bauta a ko'ina cikin kasar. A nasara a kan ƙungiyõyin kãfirai kawo Lincoln m shahararsa a tsakanin yawan jama'a, amma a 1865, a 'yan qasar na Kudu actor George. W. Booth sanya wani ƙoƙari "Captain" (don haka ya kira shi mawãƙi Uolt Uitmen), harbe da kai. Memory of Shugaba shahidi, wanda aka kashe domin da abolition na bauta a Amurka, immortalized a Washington. Memorial a farin marmara fili ya nuna irin rawar da ya taka leda a kasarsa Avraam Linkoln, shugaban kasar. Hotunan, kiyaye daga lokaci nuna mana wani mutum ba ne kawai na high girma (1.90 m), amma kuma da tunani. Hudu Amirkawa miliyan godiya ga shi su 'yanci.