A tsawon gada fadin Kerch mashigar ne har yanzu ba daidai sani. The history, yanzu da kuma nan gaba na gada fadin Kerch mashigar

Zane na gada a kan tekun na Taman Larabawa fadin Kerch mashigar ya sami lokacinta nan da nan bayan da sauyin da na Crimea da Rasha. Lokacin da wani sabon kai maha? Ar za a sa a cikin aiki, da shi zai kai tsaye gama Krasnodar yankin da kuma Crimea. Maza maza ajiye wa zane da kuma binciken aikin a kan yi da kanta. Duk da yake shi ba a san abin da zai kasance da tsawon gada fadin Kerch mashigar. Kila corridor to 2 sau fi girman da irin wannan shiri a shekarar 1944. Modern gada mararraba muhimmanci hanzarta ci gaban da yawon shakatawa a yankin da kuma aikin noma.

A gada fadin Kerch mashigar. aikin hotuna

Ayyukan sufuri mararraba wuraren da aka gabatar da kwararru na ma'aikatar sufuri na Rasha Federation da kuma mambobi na interdepartmental hukumar. Daya daga cikin sabon kai kayayyakin more rayuwa na Crimea - mai biyu-matakin gada fadin Kerch mashigar - za a hade (hanya da kuma dogo). Wannan shawarar da ma'aikatar masana zo bayan karatu duk da zabin.

Designers, Mun halitta 74 ayyuka dabam-dabam a cikin kudin, tsawon na samun hanyoyi. Daga cikin su akwai zabin domin gina rami daga wuraren Tuzla da kuma aladu. a cikin filin na gada yi masana dauke duk yiwuwa, amma shi ya lura da cewa rami zai zama mafi tsada fiye da wata gada, kuma shi zai yi don gina more. A lokaci na gina wani hade gada fadin matsatsiyar - shekaru 3.5. Akwai zabin domin gina kai corridor daga tashar jiragen ruwa "Caucasus" da kuma sauran batutuwa. Photo na daya daga cikin ayyukan ba da wani ra'ayin na biyu-matakin hade da hanyoyi da kuma Railway Lines.

A mafi alamar ayyukan

Kwararru na ma'aikatar sufuri da kuma Interdepartmental Hukumar hankali yayi nazari duk ayyukan da gada tsakanin Caucasus da Crimea. A mafi alamar gane 4 bambance-bambancen karatu na 74 ta. Kowace daya yana da wani daban-daban tsawon na gada fadin Kerch mashigar:

1. "Arewa" - da hanya na Cape fitila da kuma m Kananan kwana ta zuwa ga tsawon 10.3 km ..
2. "Zhukovsky" - wata gada tsallaka daga Zhukovka to tofa aladu, tsawon - 6.3 km.
3. "Yenikalsky" - kunkuntar gada a cikin jeri na mashigar 5,7 km a tsawon.
4. "Tuzla" - miƙa mulki daga kai m Ak-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi zuwa Tuzla, da tsawon -11,7. Km.

aikin kudin

Da farko, da ma'aikatar sufuri na Rasha Federation ya sanar da mafi ƙarancin adadin biliyan 50. Rubles da ake bukata domin gina wata hanya gada tsakanin Taman da Kerch sashin. Shugaban kasar Rasha Vladimir Putin ya ce kuma ya kara da aiki: gina wani na kowa kai maha? Ar (hanya da kuma dogo).

A bambance-bambancen karatu na tarawa samar da gada daga cikin rami a kan kasa mashigar. Jimlar kudin da dukan gini za a mai ladabi har cikin tsakiyar kaka 2014, kamar yadda da tsawon wata gada a fadin Kerch mashigar. By lokacin da ya kamata a kammala aikin injiniya da kuma ci gaban aiki, wanda aka samu nasarar da za'ayi a yankin na nan gaba gine-gine.

A cewar kwararru, da gina gada ta halin kaka zai iya wuce $ 300 biliyan. Rubles. Around 84 biliyan. Rubles daga cikin jimlar adadin za a kashe a shiri aiki. Cost na aikin da kuma dukan yi ƙaruwa a matsayin nazari na halitta fasali na matsatsiyar, ta yanki tsarin da wuri a kan Kerch Larabawa na abubuwa na tarihi, al'adu da kuma ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi.

Bridge a cikin Kerch mashigar

A gada daga Tuzla to m. Ak-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi zaba Interministerial Hukumar, ya shafi gina layin dogo da karauka a kan shi. biyu dogo hanya da kuma gina hudu-rariya hanya za a dage farawa. Next kan jerin gwano Railway ke karkashin mota, da kuma kusa da shi. raba hanya da kuma dogo crossings za a gina a kan tofa tushe. A cikin hali na kai corridor yi wa "Tuzla" aikin zai bukaci guntu dogo da kuma hanya entrances (36 kuma 38 bi da bi km). Feature version, wanda ya hada da gina wata gada kewayewa Tuzla tofa, - tanadi a yi na samun hanyoyi.

"Tuzla zabin"

Tuzla da dam located in kudu da matsatsiyar, a cikin za'a fadada na da manufa. Yi a wannan ɓangare na aikin shi ne muhimmanci daban-daban daga hanya haɗa da tashar jiragen ruwa "Kavkaz" a gabas da yamma Chushka plait:

1. "Tuzla zabin" samar domin gina mafi tsawo corridor. Bisa ga aikin tsawon na gada fadin Kerch mashigar zai isa 11,7 kilomita.
2. yankin Za a yi amfani domin gina dukan kayayyakin more rayuwa, ciki har da warehouses da kuma sauran wurare.
3. Yana da zai iya kare daga kufan manyan sikelin-rami Scythian binne mounds da sauran jan hankali da cewa yawaita a yankin.
4. Magina za su yi kokarin su domin kubuta da sabon abu halitta fasali na Kerch da Taman Larabawa - laka volcanoes.

Halitta fasali na Kerch mashigar

Gina wani kai corridor zai fara bayan kammala ma'aunan kasa, hydrological da sauran karatu a fannin gina gada. Tectonic yanayi da ake wuya, wani m tasiri a kan al'ummar yanayin kasa yana da wani tattalin arziki da aiki. Shirya aikin dole ba sa cutar da kewayawa da kifi da albarkatun da mashigar. The aikin designers yi kokarin la'akari da asali na halitta da halaye da kuma yanayi na jiki na ruwa raba da Taman da Crimea. Kerch mashigar (TOTALS):

• asalin - tectonic.
• Tsawon - 45 km.
• nisa - daga 4.5 zuwa 15 km.
• zurfin - 5-15 m.
• matsananci batu Kerch Larabawa - m Ak-wato Ubangiji Yesu Kristi ;.
• Krasnodar baki matsananci batu - m Tuzla ;.
• Sauyin yanayi - matsakaici nahiyar.

Kerch mashigar - tsoho kai corridor

Kerch birni kafa ta Greek natsuwa a cikin tsakiyar karni VI BC. e. Ga an same kango na tsohon birnin Panticapaeum - babban birnin na Bosporan Kingdom. Matsatsiyar ƙasa a zamanin da aka kira da Cimmerian Bosporus da kama tare da Bosphorus tsakanin Black Sea da Aegean Sea (Bahar Rum). Yammacin matsatsiyar kashi wanke Kerchensky Crimean sashin (Tavridy). Don gabas ne Taman Larabawa. A cikin kusanci da Kerch samu Scythian binne mounds, tsoho ƙauyuka, birãnensu, kuma sauran Monuments na tarihi da kuma al'adu.

A sadarwa a tsakanin yammacin da kuma gabashin ƙasar wanzu a zamanin da. Cimmerians iya cimma garkunan shanunsu waurinta m ruwa, a haɗa da Sea na Azov da tekun Black Sea. Da nisa daga cikin Kerch mashigar damar yan kasuwa da kuma masunta a jiragen zuwa ƙetare. Kerch birni kunshe a cikin sansanonin da Hukumar UNESCO jerin matsayin ƙasa a kan abin da Great Silk Road. Kerch tashar shi ma wani ɓangare na hanya, da ake kira "Varangians zuwa Helenawa". A kasa ake samu jera kura idon tsoho Greek birni, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa na warships na Ottoman Empire.

Tarihi na gada (1903-1953)

A farkon karni na ashirin, gwamnatin Birtaniya da aka shirin gina wani layin dogo hanya daga Ingila zuwa Crimea, wata gada a fadin Kerch mashigar, to bude hanyar zuwa Caucasus zuwa India. A cikin aiwatar da aikin ba da isasshen kudi. Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas II ma mafarkin a 1903 cewa Rasha jihar za ta gina wata gada a fadin Kerch mashigar tsakanin Kerch da Taman, amma aiwatar da shirin katse ta da yaƙi a shekara ta 1914. A lokacin babban Patriotic War, Arewa-Caucasian yankin da kuma Crimea sun fage na m fadace-fadace tsakanin Jamus da kuma Tarayyar Soviet. Jamus sojojin gina wani pontoon gada fadin Kerch mashigar, amma Fuhrer nema su gina wata 5-kilometer m spring na 1943.

A ra'ayin wani gada da Jamusanci m Alberta Shpeera Nazi mamaye basu da lokaci don aiwatar. Bayan niyya ga fitar da Nazis daga Taman da Crimea Soviet injiniyoyi farfado Jamus aikin, da magina amfani karfe Tsarin da kayan aiki bar baya da Nazis. A karshen watan Afrilu 1944 da muka fara installing tara, kuma a farkon watan Nuwamba na Caucasus zuwa wannan shekara ya tafi da kashi na farko na "Crimea" tashar. A watan Fabrairu na shekarar 1945 da gada ta rushe a karkashin matsin lamba na kankara tubalan cewa wind, kuma tãguwar ruwa suna kore daga Tekun Azov. A 1953 ya fara aiki Ferry, haxe da Taman da Kerch.

Unrealized Projects Bridge

Bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, Rasha da Ukraine ya sha nanata tada fitowar da kai corridor ta hanyar da Kerch mashigar. Tun shekara ta 1991 an ci gaba game da 20 ayyuka a cikin tattaunawa da ya samu halartar shugabannin ƙasar Ukraine da kuma Rasha. A shekarar 2004, ferries bauta wa hanya an maye gurbinsu, da kuma tattaunawar sun shiga wani doguwar lokaci. Aiki a kan aikin farfado a 2010, lokacin da Ukraine ya da wani canji na gwamnati. A daya daga cikin gabatarwa da aka sanar yi sigogi: tsawon na gada - 4.2-4.5 km, kudi - 24 biliyan rubles .. Don Yuro-2012 kai nassi ya zuwa connect da Caucasus da kuma Crimea, amma ta yi aka dakatar da sake. A gada fadin Kerch mashigar shirya ya kafa a kan Hauwa'u na Sochi Olympics. Sa'an nan da babbar hanyar Hukumar opted ga guntu "arewacin" version (daga m. Fitilu na} asar to m. Kananan Kut). Aikin da aka bar wani takarda.

Krasnodar yankin - Crimea

Lokacin da samar da wani sabon gada za aiki da data kasance mararraba na mashigar Kerch (tashar jiragen ruwa "Caucasus" - "Crimea" tashar jiragen ruwa). Season 2014 ya yi alkawarin zama "zafi." Don samun da Crimea ka huta, Russia suna tafiya da jirgin kasa zuwa Krasnodar ko Anapa. ci gaba da hanyar da bas zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa "Kavkaz", ya bi ta hanyar jirgin fito zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa "Crimea" daga babban birnin kasar na Kuban, ko da tekun Black Sea Coast. Wani bambance-bambancen da bayarwa na fasinjoji - by Catamaran daga Anapa zuwa Kerch tashar jiragen ruwa.

Kerch Bridge: A look a cikin gaba

A cewar masana, akwai wani cikas, a gina wani sabon kai maha? Ar. Rasha masana a fagen ilmin duwatsu da kuma hydrology gudanar da zama dole nazarin da ma'aunai na tekun na Kerch mashigar. Son da aka bai wa hanya zažužžukan, mai lakabin "Zhukovsky" da "Tuzla". A kimantawa wadannan ayyukan la'akari al'amurra da dama, ciki har da adana Monuments a kan bankunan na mashigar. A gada za danganta biyu rare biki yankin bukatar raya kasa. A tattalin arzikin wannan yanki na Crimea sami mai nauyi Baya ga kai kayayyakin more rayuwa da ake bukata domin ci gaba da samar, tashoshin jiragen ruwa, sadarwa, yawon shakatawa da kuma aikin noma.