A tarihin na "The Lower acan karkashin" Gorky: yadda shi ya kasance

Mutane da yawa sun karanta play, wanda aka rubuta ta hanyar Maxim Gorky "The Lower acan karkashin". Tarihi daga cikin halittar ta ban sha'awa sosai. Kamar yadda aka sani, da Rasha, marubuci, kuma a cikin matasa ya kai bosyatsky hanyar rayuwa, sau da yawa tafiya tare da knapsack a bayansa. M taba zuwa gare shi, kuma barci a gidajen marasa galihu. Mafi m, shirin ya haifar da wani aiki game da duk ins da sabani na rayuwa daga wadannan mutane balaga da a tunaninsa na dogon lokaci Maksima Gorkogo. Amma don saka a cikin yi da shi ne kawai a lokacin da marubuci ya yanke shawarar juya cikin wasan kwaikwayo. Haka ya faru a nuna na XIX-XX ƙarni.

m artists

A nagartattu na Moscow Art wasan kwaikwayo a 1900, ya tafi zuwa ga Crimea, a saka a gaban ya kwaikwaiyo ta Chekhov ta "Uncle Vanya" da kuma "The tsuntsun seagull." Amma ba kawai cewa ya manufa na cikin 'yan wasan kwaikwayo. Kamar yadda Nemirovich-Danchenko furuci, darektan daga cikin wasan kwaikwayo, manufar su shi ma ya hadu da Gorky da kuma shawo masa rubuta a play. Suka yi shi. The sosai tarihi na "The Lower acan karkashin" Gorky aiki a matsayin impetus ga rubuce-rubuce da kuma sauran guda. Wannan sananne samfurin kamar "Filistiyawa" da "Dachniki". Godiya ga lallashewa na artists, Maxim Gorky bude wani marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo.

Aiki a kan guda

All uku guda aka rubuta kusan lokaci guda. Riga rubutum na "Filistiyawa" da aka wuce a 1901 da wasan kwaikwayo. A tarihin na "The Lower acan karkashin" Gorky ya wuya. Thread lokaci mai tsawo ba zai iya dakatar ko da guda suna. zažužžukan "Doss gidan" An yi kokari, "Ba tare da Sun", da "kasa". Amma da cewa shi ya zama mai play, Gorky yana da babu shakka. Ya so ya kawo wannan samfurin musamman ga mutanen da suka zāna mazaunan wani doss gidan ga matalauta: da m da kuma jahilci. Duk da haka, da aiki da rigingimu: shi ya ce a nan kusan shekaru ashirin da na kallo na rayuwa, al'adu da ƙamus "tsohon mutane".

A tarihin na "The Lower acan karkashin" Gorky, ko yaya shi duka ya fara

Riga "Filistiyawa" Na yi mai yawa amo. Idon kokarin datti musamman caustic wuraren da za su yarda da. A play aka farko tashe a St. Petersburg, inda simintin gyaran daga cikin Moscow Art Theater tafi a kan yawon shakatawa a watan Maris 1902. A dress maimaitawa dakin yana cike da 'yan leƙen asirin cikin fararen kaya, yana tsaye a gaban doki Gendarmerie. Stanislavsky game da wannan wargi, cewa irin wannan horo ne mafi m tare da general yaƙi fiye da maimaitawa. Irin wannan gwamnati talla kawai ƙara rura wutar jama'a sha'awa a cikin marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo,-debutant. Saboda haka, na biyu yanki da aka kawai wanzuwa ga nasara.

samarwa

A tarihin na "The Lower acan karkashin" Gorky ya fi guntu fiye da hanya ta motsa wajen kallo. Sai da na ɗauki watanni 18 studding shirayi na daban-daban lasisi kudade kafin yin katsalandan ba da nod ga wuri, amma kawai a kan mataki na Moscow Art Theater. Kamar yadda tarihi kafofin, ta yi shi domin ta kasance tabbata daga gazawar daga cikin play. Duk da haka, gwamnatin rasa wurin cewa, kasar tana maturing neman sauyi halin da ake ciki. 1905 ne kawai a kusa da kusurwar. A play ta samu nasara da aka deafening, kuma wannan ba za a iya zargi kawai gagarumi simintin. Don thunderous tafi Gorky kiran su zuwa ga scene goma sha biyar sau. Marubucin ya rikita, ya ba su sa ran wannan daukaka. Tun daga nan, aikin Gorky ta "The Lower acan karkashin" a Moscow Art wasan kwaikwayo scene na shekaru 60 (har Disamba 1962) saita 1451 sau.