A mast da jirgin: photo, sunan, size

Mast - wani na game da ba makawa ɓangare na jirgin, wanda nasa ne da mast. Its kai tsaye aiki - bauta a matsayin dalilin kayyade da mast, NN Andreev (da aka gyara na mast), kazalika da su goyi bayan filafili. Me kuma zan iya gaya muku game da jirgin ta masts? A yawa na amfani da ban sha'awa bayanai da ka koya a cikin tsari na karanta labarin.

A tsawo daga cikin jirgin ta masts, da lambar

Dangane da manufar da jirgin ta masts ne daban-daban Heights. Wasu isa 60 m lokacin da kauri daga cikin tushe 1 m.

Kuma da yawa masts jirgin? Su yawan dogara a kan girman da jirgin ruwa. A tsawon foremast da mizzen-mast dogara a kan abin da tsawo daga mainmast. Saboda haka, na farko na 8 \ 9 na da sassa, da kuma na biyu 6 \ 7. Wadannan rabbai ba wajibi ga dukan tasoshin. Sun dogara da buri na designers, da magina.

Da zarar da lissafi na mainmast aka za'ayi kamar haka. Yana da ya wajaba don ƙara sama da tsawon ƙananan bene, kuma mafi girma nisa, sakamakon Naira Miliyan Xari raba da biyu. Wannan adadi ne da tsawon da mast na wani jirgin.

A farkon da ci gaban shipping da kuma Shipbuilding cikin jerin gwanon da daya kawai mast da wani ze tashi. A tsawon lokaci, ci gaban da ya zo da aya cewa su jirgin ruwa kafa zuwa bakwai guda.

A mafi kowa sabon abu - wata wadata jirgin uku madaidaiciya da kuma daya QFontDatabase mast.

The sunan mast na wani sailing jirgin

Location na mast a kan jirgin ma'anar da sunan da. Alal misali, idan muka yi la'akari da uku-masted jirgin, ya bayyana cewa aiki na farko mast hanci da ake kira "foremast".

Bi ta mainmast shi ne mafi girma. Kuma da karami da aka kira "da mizzen-mast." Idan akwai kawai biyu, babban mast ne daya da cewa shi ne mafi kusa ga mai tsanani.

Located in an karkata matsayi a kan baka mast ake kira "bowsprit". A tsohon jiragen ruwa karkatar kwana ya 36⁰, yanzu shi 20⁰. Its main nufi don samar da mafi girma juya jirgin ruwa. Wannan shi ne cimma saboda gaskiyar cewa gaba bayar na musamman triangular filafili.

Idan jirgin ruwan yana da fiye da uku masts, duk wadannan da foremast, za a kira su da ke wakiltar 1st, 2nd, don haka da ke wakiltar. D.

Abun da ke ciki da kuma cika kayan Tsarin

Mafi sau da yawa jirgin mast (Photos of wasu daga cikin jinsunan, kana da damar da za su gani a cikin labarin) an sanya aka gyara abin da ta ci gaba da juna. Its tushe ne ake kira a mast, da kuma gyara daga ta ci gaba - saman masts. The sama na mast yana da suna "saman."

Kananan jirgin ruwan da aka sanye take da wani mast na daya itace (odnoderevki), kuma ya fi girma jiragen ruwa suna sanye take da wani kumshin na uku sassa. Su za a iya dismantled idan ya cancanta.

Abu domin yi na - itace ko karfe. Daga karfe (karfe ko haske karfe) sa bututu wanda baya zama mast a kan jirgin.

Mast sanya wata itace jirgin? Su ne:

• Spruce.
• Larch.
• Fir.
• Stone Pine.
• Farar Pine da t. D.

Bishiyoyi ya zama haske, kuma resinous.

Daban-daban rarrabuwa masts

A baya can bambanta da wurin da mast a kan jirgin:

• Hanci.
• Average.
• The raya.

Amfani da mast shi ne tushen ta rabo a cikin:

• Signal. Wannan shi ne na musamman dagawa mast for sigina alamomin, flags, fitilu ko ga shigarwa na antennas.
• Cargo. Yana sanye take da wani musamman inji for kayyade kaya albarku. Amma idan ya cancanta, za a iya yin wannan ayyuka a matsayin alama mast.
• Musamman. Wannan mast sanya wani musamman manufa.

Bisa ga yi na mast da jirgin ne zuwa kashi:

• Single. Mai hana ruwa mast da ake amfani da hawa kan kananan tasoshin, kazalika da tafiyarta, da karin jiragen ruwa. Su na biyu iri, m da alaƙa.
• Tripods. Its abun da ke ciki 3 karfe bututu.
• Hudu kananan kafafu. A mast aka liyi tare da karfe faranti a kan firam.
• Bashennopodobnye. Gina site located a kan tiers. Su ake nufi don kallo kuma jeri matsayi.

Location na mast a cikin jirgi, kuma na gangara

Rarraba kewayawa ba magina wani babba rabo daga abinci ga tunani. Yana da muhimmanci a sanya masts a kan wani jirgin. Wannan wajibi ne a tabbatar da cewa jirgin yana hõrarriya. Cigaba jagoranci zuwa fitowan da wasu sharudda.

Cibiyar daga cikin ƙananan ƙarshen mast aka bayyana sosai tsananin. The ji yana farawa a ƙananan bene, da fari mast an saita zuwa 1 \ 9 na tsawon, na biyu - 5 \ 9, da uku - 17 \ 20. Wadannan ma'aunai ba su da za'ayi a lokacin shiri na m jiragen ruwa. Faransa kotu foremast da aka sanya a 1 \ 10 na jirgin, da lissafi jagoranci, daga baka.

Gangaren mast shi ma daban-daban, wasu jiragen ruwa tanã gudãna da kyau tare da masts, ya nẽmi dawwama a gaba, da sauran baya. Short amma m jirgin ruwa gina tare da masts, located kusa da tsakiyar, karfi da karkata a baya. A tsawo, da bambanci, saita tsaye Tsarin, kamar yadda aka yi imani da cewa a lokacin tafiya tare da wani gagarumin iska juriya mast zai iya karya.

Abin da ake bukata a kan jirgin mast

Yau, a kan masts shigar:

• Eriya.
• Hasken wuta.
• Signals.
• Communication.
• Flags.
• Hawa haše-haše (idan jirgin daukar kaya).

Amma duk da wannan, mafi muhimmanci manufar da mast - don samar da goyon baya ga jirgin filafili. Komai - rakiyar abubuwa.

Kayyade masts a kan jirãge

Ta yaya ne hawa na masts a kan jirgin? Single hasumiya da aka wuce for fastening a cikin rami a sama bene da kakar (kasa mast) an welded zuwa bene ko hawa na biyu. A na USB wanda ya haɗu da mast ga hukumar, da ake kira da mutane. A gaban wani ɓangare na mast da goyan bayan wani forestay kuma daga astern Gudun backstays. A bowsprit yana gyarawa ta hanyar musamman Waterski vulingov sanya na sturdy igiya. Yanzu maye gurbin igiyoyi a kan kewaye.

jirgin ya mast da ake gyarawa a cikin bene, ko ya wuce ta hanyar da shi, kuma yana haɗe da keel. Amma, shi ne a yanzu gyarawa a kan gida rufin musamman kufaifan a kan bene. A wannan hanya na abin da aka makala akwai wani tabbatacce gefen:

1. A sarari a cikin gida ne free, wannan ba ya kawo cikas motsi.
2. A taron na wani hatsari da mast, wanda aka haɗe zuwa bene, ba tsaga shafi bukkokin, amma kawai fada overboard.
3. Fastening a kan bene ba wani amfani - a lokacin da cire shi ne mai sauki cire. Yayin da mast tashinsa daga keel, zai bukata a crane ga wannan mataki.

warships

Masts domin irin wannan nau'i-nau'i daga kotuna suna yi na karfe da aka kira "fama". Don shi ne a haɗe musamman dandamali, wanda ake amfani da kula ko musamman da aka makala don ajiye manyan bindigogi kayan aiki.

A baya can mast warships aka sanya na m itace, amma a lokacin da buga a ta harsashi jirgin zauna ba tare da sadarwar. Shan la'akari duk shortcomings na lokaci, yanzu sun kafa musamman trohnogie ko raga (fishnet) mast. Su ne mafi barga, kada kasa daga kai tsaye hit.

Dangane da yawan zura sandunan kasu kashi daya-, two, uku-, chetyrohmachtovye kotu.

Sail-shirin

Yadda yawa masts da jirgin, da sunan dogara. Pyatimachtovye, chetyrohmachtovye, da baji 2, 4 da kuma 5 masts barquentine (1 kai tsaye mast slanting 2), Birgediya masts 2, da kuma Schooner, Caravel brigantine da t. D.

Yawan samuwa hasumiya, da su location da kuma karkata - duk wanda hallmarks.

Tanã gudãna, jirãge kasu kashi uku iri, dangane da yadda da yawa masts shigar a kan su:

• Single-masted sailing tasoshi, wadannan sun hada da yawl, Kate, kuma haka da sloop. D.
• Biyu-masted sailing jiragen ruwa - a Birgediya, a schooner, brigantine, da dai sauransu ...
• Uku-masted sailing jiragen ruwa: jirgin ruwa mai filafilai Caravel, haushi, da dai sauransu ...

A kadan tarihi

Yanzu ka san abin da a jirgin ta mast, kamar yadda suka faru, sabõda abin da suka kasance, da sauransu .. A ƙarshe ina son in je kadan kara shiga cikin labarin kuma gaya mana game da wasu ban sha'awa facts cewa lalle za su ban sha'awa ga waɗanda suke da sha'awar a cikin wannan topic.

Mutãne ya koya don amfani a cikin filafili don ƙarin 3000 da suka wuce. Lokacin da mutane fara yin amfani da iska su amfani. Sa'an nan da ze tashi ya sosai m da kuma lazimta da shi zuwa cikin yadi, located a kan wani karamin mast. Taimaka da irin wannan shiri ne kawai tare da wani adalci iska. Saboda haka wani lokacin gabar da shi ba sosai.

A kadan daga baya, a lokacin da mulkin gargajiya tsarin, Shipbuilding ya samu babban ci gaba. A jirgin ruwa da aka sanye take da biyu masts da filafili aka yi amfani da karin ci-gaba siffofin. Amma ci gaban Shipbuilding a lokacin da bai yi aiki ba. A waɗannan kwanaki, shi da aka yi amfani da ko'ina aiki bawa. Saboda haka, wajen samar da wannan masana'antu babu daya.

Bayan bacewar free ma'aikata ya zama aiki na seafarers. Operation jiragen ruwa, da motsi wanda shi ne kawai zai yiwu tare da sa hannu na babban adadin shugabancin tsere ya zama ba zai yiwu ba kamar yadda baza da fadada cinikayya nufa motsi zuwa wani nisa-kashe nesa.

A farko jirgin ruwa cewa ya cika dukan bukatu na lokacin, aka kira "nave". Da farko shi da daya ko biyu masts. Its tsawon ne 40 m. A kai iya game da 500 ton a kan jirgin ruwa da kanta.

Karrakka - uku-masted jirgin. A farko biyu masts aka sanye take da square filafili, da karshen da triangular. Sa'an nan kuma, wadannan iri biyu aka hada zuwa wani guda dukan, kuma sun kasance a samfur ga zamani jirgi da frigates.

Galleon - Spanish jirgin tare da 4 masts da bowsprit, wanda yana da square filafili.

Kara ci gaba da na Shipbuilding ya jagoranci wani sarari rarrabuwa na jiragen ruwa. A rabo a cikin kasuwanci da kuma soja tasoshin m makãmansu.