A jikin tantanin kuma ta nazarin halittu rawa

A halin yanzu, ga mafi yawan mutane shi ne ba wani asirin da cewa membranes ne a key kashi a cikin tsari na biochemical matakai a cikin cell. Saboda nazarin halittu membranes goyan bayan ciki homeostasis a cikin cell. Cell membrane vysokoizberatelno adjusts gudun shigar azzakari cikin farji daga daban-daban nazarin halittu mahadi a cikin cell, kazalika da hanyar fita daga enzymes da transporters. Haka kuma, wannan tsarin yana da wani hadadden nazarin halittu hadaddun wanda ya samar da wani ji, canji da kuma canja wurin bayanai daga yanayi a cikin cell.

A jikin tantanin ne mai tsari wanda ƙuntatãwa Kwayoyin kuma subcellular wasu gabbansa (lysosomes, mitochondria, Golgi na'ura , da dai sauransu). Kowane cell ne a cikakke tsarin na membranes gina ta da tubular, jaka da kuma tankuna. A nazarin halittu membrane - da bakin ciki faranti (60-70%) glycoprotein da lipoprotein yanayi. Ya kamata a lura cewa kwayan da shuka Kwayoyin , sabanin dabbobi da ikon canza su siffar kamar yadda suke kewaye da wani lokacin farin ciki cell bango. Cell membrane shuka jiki kunshi polysaccharides, kwayoyin na monosaccharides, amino sugars, lipids, kuma amino acid.

A tsarin da cell membrane.

Babban aka gyara daga cell membranes ne lipids (60-70%) - phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin da cholesterol. Cholesterol ne a haɗe zuwa nazarin halittu membrane rigidity, don haka da membrane da kananan taro na cholesterol mafi roba. membrane sunadaran an gabatar lipoprotein da glycoprotein gidaje (30-35%). Cell membrane a cikin wani karamin adadin kuma yana dauke da carbohydrates a matsayin wani ɓangare na glycoproteins, glycolipids da glycosaminoglycans (5-10%). A tsarin da cell membranes kuma suna qananan mahadi (nucleic acid, antioxidants, inorganic ions, coenzymes, da dai sauransu). Jini membrane ne a hankali related kuma unshe da kwayuka membranes na endoplasmic reticulum (reticulum). A abun da ke ciki ya hada da reticulum membrane granular da agranular endoplasmic reticulum, wanda raba ciki sarari a cikin wani jam'i na cell compartments. Shi ne na mai da muhimmanci a cikin tsari na kwayuka kai na abubuwa da ya kwarara daga tafiyar matakai na rayuwa.

The aiki na jikin tantanin.

Cell membranes samar da wani shãmaki aiki, wanda bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i na zabe, sarrafawa metabolism da yanayi. Ta hanyar zabe permeability cikin wani tantanin halitta zai iya shiga kawai abubuwa na wani size.

Biomembrane kai aiki na samar da canja wurin da na gina jiki a cikin cell da kuma kau da karshe metabolites gare ta. A jikin tantanin suna da hannu a rike da mafi kyau duka PH. Wadanda mahadi wanda ba su iya giciye bilipidny Layer, suka shiga ta hanyar musamman m sunadarai, kuma ta endocytosis. The m irin transprorta abubuwa cikin Kwayoyin hada da yadawa. The aiki kai abubuwa ne da za'ayi tare da sa hannu na potassium-sodium famfo.

Matrix membrane aiki lalacewa ta hanyar wasu interposition da kuma fuskantarwa na membrane sunadaran. Muhimmiyar rawa wajen tabbatar da inji ayyuka da cell ganuwar, da dabbobi - intercellular abu. A tsoka mai amsa sigina aiki aka yi saboda da gaban musamman sunadaran da aka sarrafa zuwa jikin tantanin.

A enzymatic aiki na nazarin halittu membranes dangantawa da membrane sunadaran enzymes. Alal misali, jini membranes na epithelial Kwayoyin (epithelial sel hanji) dauke da narkewa kamar enzymes.