A gansakuka ne daban-daban daga algae. halaye na jinsin

Sunan gansakuka da kuma algae, musamman sifa da Physiology da aka sani ga masana kimiyya na dogon lokaci. A bayyanar, wadannan tsire-tsire suna kama. Duk da haka, su ne wakilan mabanbanta taxonomic raka'a. A wannan labarin, za mu dubi yadda na gansakuka ne daban-daban daga algae.

rarrabuwa na shuke-shuke

Akwai kawai ne babu shuke-shuke a cikin yanayi! Kawai ban mamaki iri-iri na shuke-shuke: algae, mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, flowering ... kawai ba jera. Duk da haka, taxonomists iya hada su a cikin daban-daban kungiyoyin dangane da tarin asali sifofin.

Kwatanta gansakuka da kuma algae

Me mosses, ferns, algae, lichens ne da tsire-tsire? Duk wadannan kwayoyin ne iya photosynthesis, kamar yadda kunshe a cikin sel na kore plastids chloroplast. A mafi m daga gare su zama a cikin ruwa. Wannan tsiren ruwan teku, wanda shi ne rukuni na ƙananan tsire-tsire. Mosses - hankula mazaunan ƙasar. Duk da haka, su haifuwa mai yiwuwa ne kawai a gaban ruwa. Saboda haka, da suka fi son m wurare.

Azahiri, algae da mosses suna kama. Saboda haka, da suka sukan rude. Ba dukan algae girma na musamman a cikin ruwa. Wasu daga cikin su shirya a cikin kututturan itatuwa, da farfajiya da kankara, kasar gona m yankuna, a snow, a cikin hairline dabbobi. Sai suka samar da wani ci gaba da kore cover, kamar bryophytes. Blue-kore algae ne iya shiga cikin wani symbiosis da hyphae na fungi ta samar da lichens.

Halaye na ƙananan tsire-tsire

Algae ake kira na baya saboda su jiki ne tara na sel (babu rabuwa a tushen daga cikin tushe da kuma ganye). Shi ne ake kira Slano, thallus ko thallus. Algae Kwayoyin suna ban qware. Suna anatomically alaka, amma kowanne daga cikinsu ya aikata wani irin aiki. Tare da rhizoids algae a haɗe zuwa substrate. Wannan tsarin kuma ba ya samar da kyallen takarda, duk da haka ba su iya yin wani conductive aiki. Na'am, kuma ba lallai ba ne, tun da ƙananan girma na musamman a cikin ruwa.

Higher spore-shuke-shuke - mazauni zuwa ƙasar

Saboda canjin yanayi, da shuke-shuke da daidaita da wa terrestrial yanayi. A farko wakilan muhalli kungiyoyin sun fito a cikin Devonian. Wannan shi ne wani rukuni na dadaddun shuke-shuke, wanda ake kira Rhyniophyta. Su kwafi suna da kyau kiyaye su a cikin zamanin da burbushin. Wadannan su ne na farko da shuke-shuke da suke abubuwa na conductive kyallen takarda. Saboda haka, aka kira su jijiyoyin bugun gini. Su ribbed mai tushe forked reshe, da kuma maimakon na tushen har yanzu rike rhizoids.

A wuri Rhyniophyta zo mosses. A halin yanzu, akwai game da 10 dubu jinsunan. Ba kamar mosses daga algae ne ba kawai a cikin yanayi. Su rayuwa karkashin terrestrial yanayin da aka sanya yiwu godiya ga wani gwaji wahala da tsarin. Mai mosses da leafy tsarin. Kamar wancan rhizoids ajiye su cikin rayuwarsu.

A tsarin da mosses

A gansakuka ne daban-daban daga algae? A spore shuke-shuke a cikin rayuwar sake zagayowar akwai wani canji na zamaninsu. Bari mu bincika wannan tsari da misali na wani hali wakilin gansakuka Kukushkin flax. Ya jima'i tsara yana da irin kore kafet. Gani, shi ne reminiscent na wasu jinsunan algae.

Idan ka duba a hankali, da kore cover kunshi raba bakin ciki stalks da sessile ganye. A marigayi rani, a kan su saman akwatin da aka kafa a kan tushe. Wannan asexual tsara - sporophyte. Form akwatin yayi kama da cuckoo. Saboda haka sunan wannan shuka iri.

A akwatin Kwayoyin girma sake yiwuwar tohowarsu - rigingimu. Lokacin da cikakke, suka zuba a cikin ƙasa, kuma germinate. Na muhawara sake girma kore leafy harbe. Suna kafa ta jima'i haifuwa gabobin - gametangia. Su girma jima'i Kwayoyin - qwai da maniyyi. A gaban ruwa, suka coalesce samar da wata zygote. Daga shi ke tsiro sporophyte. Saboda haka, a cikin rayuwar sake zagayowar na bryophytes aka mamaye jima'i tsara.

Nau'in na shuke-shuke: algae, mosses

Tun da algae bayyana a duniya da yawa a baya, su tsarin ne yafi m. Yana ba da damar wadannan shuke-shuke wajen samar da sabon mazauninsu. Su fahimci abin da gansakuka ne daban-daban daga algae, shi wajibi ne a yi la'akari da peculiarities na kungiyar da kuma matakai na rayuwa.

Bari mu fara da yanayin jikinsu. All mosses ne na musamman kwayar kwayoyin. Daga cikin daban-daban iri algae ake samu. Alal misali, chlorella da chlamydomonas ne unicellular. Volvox - mulkin mallaka alga. Ya ƙunshi wani rukuni na Kwayoyin, sõyayya da na kowa daina kai hare hare. More wuya shirya fronds Chlorella, Spirogyra, kelp, Sargassum. Su duk kwayar.

Mutane da yawa fasali na bambance-bambance za a iya samu a cikin rayuwa daga cikin siffofin da wadannan kwayoyin. Kuma mosses, kuma algae ne iya jima'i haifuwa. Amma a karshe, wannan tsari ya auku a karkashin yanayin unfavorable. Wannan irin kariya daga algae. Alal misali, lokacin da ruwa zazzabi ko bushewa da tafki iyaye cell Chlamydomonas kafa gametes.

Sun fita cikin ruwa da kuma pairwise hadin wasika. Wannan results a cikin wani zygote - wani hadu kwai. An rufe wani lokacin farin ciki harsashi cewa ba ka damar canja wurin ta da daskarewa da kuma bushewa. A karkashin sharadi gwargwado abinda ke ciki zygote da aka raba, inda ruwan daga sake yiwuwar tohowarsu, motile Kwayoyin - zoospores. Sun kara a size da kuma saya da siffofin na manya.

Saboda haka, a wannan labarin, za mu dubi abin da gansakuka ne daban-daban daga algae. Babban fasali su ne kamar haka:

• Algae - mazan shuke-shuke da cewa sun fito a ruwa.
• Mosses - na farko zo a bakin.
• Algae iya zama guda da kwayar. Akwai kuma mulkin mallaka siffofin.
• All baza Moss ne kwayar shuke-shuke, da jiki wanda yana da tsarin da ganye da kuma kara.
• Domin algae, namiji da mace, da sporophyte da gametophyte dubi ba daban-daban. Kuma gansakuka iya zama bambance-bambance cikin tsarin.
• Algae iya haifa sassa na thallus. Mosses ba su iya vegetative haifuwa.