A farko jihadi da kuma da rawar a cikin samuwar "tsananta al'umma"

Kafin Millennium zamanin papacy nemi 'yantu daga ikon sarakunan Mai Tsarki Roman Empire. Wannan investiture shawara ƙare tare da nasarar da Church. M, kuma m Paparoma Gregory VII fara mafi girma sikelin-gyare-gyare na ecclesial reorganization kira ta da sunan da Gregorian. A daya hannun, shugaban Kirista kokarin dampen da mutane ta zargi na limaman Kirista da kuma komawa da girgiza girma churchmen da gabatarwar ƙin ɗaure aure da kuma kafa sabon addini umarni tare da m shatan. A daya hannun, shugaban Kirista kokarin shawo kan ƙara proliferating landless aji (saboda dama na primogeniture) Knights. Matasa 'ya'yan mulkin gargajiya iyayengiji, kasancewa ta matsayina na ɗan fari mutane da takobi, shi ne "lokacin da bam" ga al'umma. Ayyana "Days of Peace na Allah" - haramci da za su gudanar ayyukan soji a kan wasu kwanaki - ba isa ya cece halin da ake ciki. Wadannan dalilai - marmarin karfafa girmamawa ga limaman da kuma babban taro na m makamai maza - da kuma shirya da farko jihadi.

Bayan juna la'anoni musayar tsakanin Paparoma da sarki na Konstantinoful a 1053, duka biyu da Church karshe wãtsattsiya. Duk da haka, a lokacin da Seljuk Turks mamaye Byzantine Empire, Basil Aleksey na Komnin tambayi Yammacin Turai Khalifai for soja taimako. Wannan wuri na Rum ya sosai a hannun papacy. Za ka iya ba kawai aika kasashen waje da wata babbar taro na jarumtan, amma kuma ya karfafa ikon Church, gangarawa ta farko jihadi. Amma domin wannan ya zama dole ya juya talakawa wadanda mutane rikici a kan ƙasa a cikin mai tsarki yaki domin Holy Sepulchre. Duk da haka, ya zama shugaban da soja yaƙin neman zaɓe, turawa Jamus excommunicated Henry IV kuma Philip na na Faransa, ya wajaba a yi wani muhimmin tauhidin karkatarwa.

Har sai wannan lokacin, da Church da ake kira da zunubin kisan kai da kuma yaki abin zunubin nan, ko a kalla wani karami mugunta. Yanzu a gaban ta akwai matsala kira "black fari", kuma mafi tsaye tafiyar da zubar da jini. Amfani da image Ru'ya ta Yohanna ga danniya da Mala'ikan da mala'iku, rundunõninsa, daga sojojin da Dujal, da Roman papacy fara magana daga sãlihai yaƙe-yaƙe. Tun da kaka na 1095 a Clermont (yanzu Clermont-Ferrand a Faransa) a kan coci majalisa da Fafaroma Urban II ayyana da farko jihadi sacralized. Kuma a sa'an nan da masana tauhidi zuwa substantiate wannan da'awar cewa ya tauye rayuwa ba daidai ba, da wani kisan kai da aka ba jajirce, amma a maimakon haka, akwai kawar da mugayen.

Crusading sojojin har yanzu a kan hanyar zuwa qasa mai tsarki fice sikelin Rikicin da kuma birnin Kudus a 1099 ya jagoranci wani kisan kiyashin da cewa, bisa ga tunaninsu na Chartres Fulco, "ƙafafunsa aka nutsa cikin jini na kashe mata da yara da idãnun sãwu biyu." Kuma sama duk wannan thundering kira da "Kirista" Runduna, "Wannan shi ne faranta wa Allah rai!". Wannan yakin ya juya harsãshin gini na da al'umma. Fara zamiya hanya zuwa kusan totalitarian "jama'a la'anta", aptly R.Mura, a lokacin da wata al'umma daya bayan daya cire (ayyana makiyan Allah), wasu yawan kungiyoyin: Yahudawa, addini adawa, Orthodox, kutare, da dai sauransu Yana da wuya a ce ba daidai da yadda da yawa daga cikin Jihadi, domin ba dukan su ba suna hukuma bayyana papacy (akwai 8), kuma kawai aka yi wahayi zuwa wa'azin.

Abu daya ne wasu: tun da farko mamayewa na Mai Tsarki Land kisan a kan wanda ya gaya Roman Katolika a matsayin abokan gaba, an daina dauke da wani zunubi ba, amma mafi girma addini nagarta. A XIII karni, a lokacin da na farko jihadi a cikin Kirista ƙasa aka zayyana (Albigensian) haƙuri aka ayyana wani zunubi. A IV Lateran Council a 1215, Paparoma Innocent III ayyana maƙiyan Ubangiji schismatics, watau Orthodox Kiristoci. Kuma a cikin 1232 Gregory IX kira kyau Katolika dinka haye da kuma tafi su yi yaƙi Novgorod da Pskov. A soja yakin neman ci gaba tare da sãɓãwar launukansa nasara daga 1232 zuwa 1240 shekara, yayin da yakin Lake Peipus a watan Afrilu 1242 (da ake kira yakin da Ice) bai sa an kawo karshen da'awar daga cikin papacy na Roma a Gabas Slavic asashe. Yana da wuya su yi tunanin al'adar Slavic mutane, idan da Jihadi zuwa Rasha ƙare daban, saboda a sa (12.09.1237 shekaru) Gregory IX karfafa Salibiyya ruthlessly "iznichtozhat magabtan gicciyen."