Yaya, idan kuma me ya sa akwai aka horar da tsire-tsire?

Alama a gare ni cewa Kalmar "amfanin gona shuke-shuke" ba ka sau da yawa ji a rayuwar yau da kullum. Domin da farko lokacin da wannan ra'ayi da aka ambata a cikin tarihin yanayin darussa a junior secondary school. Amma a cikin wannan labarin da na ba da shawara da bayyana wannan ra'ayi mafi yadu zuwa bayar da cikakken bayani a kan daban na Flora na duniya tamu, don fahimtar tarihi na asalin da kuma amfanin da za su iya kawo mana.

Sashen 1. horar da shuke-shuke. A definition

Wannan irin shuka, kamar yadda sun yi tsayayya da daji, musamman girma mutumin. Me ya sa? To, makasudin iya zama sosai daban-daban. Kamar yadda wani janar mulki, domin ya samu wani abinci ko yadda feed for gona da dabbobi. Wani lokaci su ko amfani da warkewa jamiái.

Masana kimiyya da'awar cewa horar da shuka na da iyaka, wanda ke nufin cewa wucin gadi halittar wasu yanayin damina, shi za a iya girma a ko'ina, watau ba tare da la'akari da wuri na asali na asali. Abin baƙin ciki, babu daya da irin ba zai iya yada ta halitta.

Sashe Na 2. Furfure shuke-shuke da kuma tarihi na "domestication"

Idan ka shiga cikin tarihi, za mu iya cewa namo wannan shuka iri fara wani dogon lokaci da suka wuce, baya a cikin dutse shekaru. A sa'an nan, ban da farauta da taro, don girma 'yan qasar gane abin da ya so. Ya fara tattara da tsaba da kuma jefa su a cikin pre-gãshin kuma moistened ƙasa.

Sai da na ɗauki kadan more lokaci, da kuma tsohon mutum, wanda ya riga ya fara kai wani more zaunar da rai, koya quite m ya dubi bayan amfanin gona. Hakika, shi ya ɗauki qoqarinsu da kuma hakuri, amma da tsire-tsire ana shuka ya kuma shayar a kai a kai saki daga ubiquitous sako. Around musamman m jinsuna ko da gina wani shinge domin kare seedlings daga tattakewa ko cin dabbobin da yawa.

A farko, da wucin gadi selection yi quite a sume, a matsayin mafi kyau al'ada aka zaba a kan tushen da kawai da mabukaci halaye, misali, 'ya'yan itatuwa ya fi girma ko zaki da dandano. Amma wannan shi ne abin ƙarshe haifar da halittar horar da shuke-shuke.

The sosai farko, har yanzu quite m noma Bronze Age ba Yunƙurin zuwa fitowan da manyan cibiyoyin a kan namo wani irin. Daga bisani, mafi yawan wadannan gidajen, a sakamakon tafiya, yaƙe-yaƙe da taro merchandisers, Flora fara yada a ko'ina cikin dukan duniya.

Sashe Na 3. horar da shuke-shuke da iri

Muraran, akwai hanyoyi da dama wajen rarraba duk amfanin gona shuke-shuke na duniya. A cikin wannan labarin, zan yi kokarin gaya muku game da mafi asali.

Popular sau da yawa, wadannan tsire-tsire suna classified, shan a matsayin tushen da tattalin arziki nufi. A sakamakon haka, ta bayyana cewa akwai wadannan kungiyoyin:

• ciyar;
• rini.
• kwayoyi.
• zuma.
• abinci.
• kadi.
• fasaha.

Ina gudanar ya gano wani rarrabuwa, amma, saboda da rashin jin dadin, yana amfani da yawa kasa akai-akai. A daidai da shi da amfanin gona shuke-shuke suna dauke kan abubuwa kunshe a cikin da kuma su ne:

• alkaloidosoderzhaschimi.
• proteinaceous.
• fiber.
• m oilseeds.
• krahmalonosnymi.
• sugar-tushen;
• ether-man fetur.

Amma mafi ma'ana da aka fi amfani da rarrabuwa ne dauke, wanda aka dogara ne a kan manufa da masana'antu. A cewar shi da al'ada ne zuwa kashi:

• kayan lambu (tushen, ganye, albasa, 'ya'yan, pryanoaromaticheskie, kara).
• 'ya'yan itace (dutse, goro, pome, subtropical, Citrus, Berry).
• filin (melons (bisa ga wasu malamai), legumes, hatsi, tubers, fodder amfanin gona, tushen amfanin gona, da hatsi, magunguna, mai, kadi, taba, da muhimmanci-man).

Bugu da kari, gano biyu jinsin kungiyoyin: da inabi da kuma ornamental shuke-shuke, wanda tsunduma, bi da bi, viticulture kuma floriculture.