Yarima Michael Tverskoy: ɗan gajeren lokaci, tarihin tarihi da kuma wuraren tarihi

Yarima Mikhail Tverskoy ya kewaye shi da magunguna kafin a haife shi. Dukkan rayuwarsu da mutuwar mutumin nan an ambaci su a tarihin tarihi da kuma rayuwar tsarkaka. Ranar 5 ga watan Disamba an yi ranar tunawa da wannan babban shahidai. Kuma a cikin tsarkakan akwai shafi mai suna "Prince Michael Yaroslavich Tverskoy."

Brief biography

Haihuwar dan sarki ya riga ya gabatar da kyakkyawar labari game da gamuwa da mahaifinsa, Prince Yaroslav Yaroslavich, tare da mahaifiyarsa Ksenia. A cewar labari, wata rana yarima tana farauta kusa da Tver, kusa da. Edimonovo. Ya shiga coci a bakin kogi kuma ya ga yadda ya kasance mai suna Gregory da kyawawan Ksenia. Yayin da Xenia kyakkyawa ta daukaka sarki, sai ya yanke shawara ya auri kanta. Abin baƙin ciki, Grigory ya zama mashahu kuma ya kafa wani shingen a bankin kogi. Tvertsy.

Ba dogon lokacin da matan auren suka zauna da farin ciki ba. Bisa ga hadisai na wancan lokacin, Yaroslav Yaroslavich ya tafi Golden Horde don dan hanya zuwa ga mulki, kuma a kan hanyar dawowa ya yi rashin lafiya kuma ya mutu. Bai taɓa ganin ɗansa ba, wanda aka haifa a karshen 1271.

Shekaru na farko na rayuwa

Dogaggen marigayi ya kira dansa Mika'ilu. Bayan rasuwar 'ya'yansa biyu na Yaroslav Yaroslavich, ya zama mai mulkin mulkin Tver. Tabbatar da hakki na mulki, ya karbi shi a cikin shekaru 11, bayan mutuwar kawunsa Svyatoslav. Amma a hakikanin ikon da aka mayar da hankali a cikin hannun Princess Xenia da kuma boyars. Lokacin da Mikhail yana da shekaru 15, tash din ya tashi. Na gode wa manufofin abokantaka na yankunan da ke makwabtaka da ita, yana iya karfafa kokarin da kuma tura masu zanga-zanga a yammaci. Bayan haka, an ba da kudi mai mahimmanci don ƙarfafa Zubtsov - mabudin mulkin Tver.

Mikhail Tverskoi bai manta da ƙarfafa Orthodoxy a ƙasashensa ba. A kan shawara na Dogager Princess Xenia, an gina Ginin Transfiguration akan tashar coci na Kosma da Damian. An ba da kyautar kayan ado na haikalin ne daga dukiyar da aka ba shi. Mafi yawa daga baya, saboda tsarkinsa da mutunci mai ban mamaki ga dabi'un Orthodox, sarki ya haɗa shi cikin tsarkaka kuma an kira shi "Mai Tsarki mai albarka Maigidan Michael na Tver".

Na farko gwaje-gwajen

An yi la'akari da matsayin sarakunan Tver a wancan lokaci na zaman kansu na Moscow, amma godiya ga zumuntar zumuntar zumunci, Mikhail Yaroslavich Tverskoi na iya fadin kursiyin Grand Duke. Wannan yanayin ba shi da amfani ga 'ya'yan Alexander Nevsky - Dmitry da Andrew, wanda ya dora wa kursiyin Moscow tsawon lokaci. Bayan nasarar nasara na Dmitry, Andrey ya tara sojojin, ya sa Tatars ya kasance tare da shi, kuma a cikin 1293 ya mamaye ƙasashen Rasha. Shugaban tawaye ya ɗauki garuruwan birane 14, ya ƙyale Vladimir, ko Moscow, sannan ya taru ya tafi ƙasar Tver.

A wannan lokaci Mikhail Tverskoi yana cikin Horde, inda khan ya karbi yardarsa. Idan babu Prince, Tverchi ya yi rantsuwa cewa ya kare tsaron har sai da yaƙin karshe. Babban ƙarfafawa zuwa Tver ya fito ne daga wasu manyan al'ummomin da suka sha wahala sakamakon hadarin Andrei. Koyo game da mummunan hatsari, Michael Yaroslavich Tverskoi zasobiralsya gida. A kan hanyarsa, abokan gaba sun yi kwatsam, wanda sarki ya yi godiya ga wani jirgin ruwa, bai taba bugawa ba. Mazauna Tver, koyon game da dawowar Michael, ya fita don ya sadu da shi tare da mai shiga. Amma Tatars, ganin cewa Mikhail ya koma Tver, ya ki yarda da ita. Birnin ya tsira.

Aure na Mikhail Tversky

A cewar masu rubutun tarihin, Mikhail Tverskoy zai yi tsawo, da haƙurin haƙuri kuma bai iya jure wa shan giya ba. Dukkan yara biyu da sauran mutane suna ƙaunarsa. Tare da mai mulkin dukan ƙasar Tver, wasu shugabannin da ke makwabtaka suka nemi su zama dangi, sunyi auren 'ya'yansu mata da maza ga yarima. A wannan lokacin, sun yi aure da wuri, kuma Yarima Mikhail Tverskaya ya yi aure lokacin da yake da shekaru ashirin da biyu tare da marigayi Anna. Yarinyar ita ce 'yarsa, Rostov Prince Dimitry. Aure ne aka yi alkawalin yin farin ciki, amma mummunan dutsen yana da farin ciki na sabon auren. A cikin zurfin dare na 1298, wata wuta mai karfi ta fara a cikin ɗakin dakunan sarki. Ta hanyar mu'ujiza ta tsere wa matashi matashi da Mikhail Tverskoy da kansa. Tarihin dan sarki ya yi ikirarin cewa bayan wannan lamarin ya yi mummunan rashin lafiya, duk an lalatar da dukiyarsa.

Ciki cikin gida

1304 shi ne ranar da mutuwa na Grand Prince Andrei Alexandrovich. Babban kwadayin gadon sarautar shi ne Mikhail Tverskoy a matsayin babban dangi. Amma iyayensa sun fara jayayya da hakkokinta, Grigory Danilovich. Bisa ga al'adun lokaci, shugabannin su je Horde don samun lakabi domin yin mulki a can. Anna ta roki mijinta ya bar watannin babban yarima, amma ya yi haka a hanyarsa. A lokaci daya tare da Mikhail, Grigory ya tafi can. Lokacin da shugabannin suka wuce ta Vladimir, sun haɗu da Mai Tsarki Metropolitan Maxim. Ya roki Gregory kada ya kalubalanci hakkin Mikhail. Maxim ya yarda cewa Grigory zai karbi daga Mikhail a kowace gari idan ya sulhu tare da babban shugabancinsa, amma shugaban Moscow ya ce zai tafi Horde a kan kansa kuma ba ya nufin ya yi mulki.

Saduwa a Horde

Abokan biyu sun sadu da tatar na Tatar Khan, kuma rukuni ya farfado da karfi. Harshen Turkiyya ya yi amfani da rikice-rikicen rikice-rikicen jama'a kuma ya yi wa wani takarda shaidar wanda zai kawo karin kyauta. Dukkanin George da Mikhail sun tilasta yin amfani da ku, don neman goyon baya ga wakilan Khan da kuma tattara masu goyon baya daga cikin mutanen Khan kusa da su. Irin wannan manufar ta rushe tashar Michael, tana da nauyi a kan bautar mutane. A ƙarshe, ya keta Gregory kuma ya karbi lakabin da aka damu.

Babban gwagwarmaya

A cikin 1305, Mikhail ya koma ƙasashen Rasha kuma ya dauki kursiyin Moscow. Amma yarjejeniyar da Gregory bai taba isa ba: dangi ya saba da juna sau da yawa, kuma rikici ya ci gaba.

A farkon 1313, iko a cikin Horde canza, kuma khan wani matashi Tartar mai suna Uzbek. Bisa ga addininsa, Uzbek musulmi ne kuma ya dasa sabon bangaskiya a ƙasashen Rasha.

Bugu da} ari, Yarima Gregory bai manta da murabus ba. Kullum yana kusa da matasa Khan, sai ya sami cikakkiyar amincewa. Grigory ma ya auri 'yar'uwarsa Konchak, wanda bayan da aka baftisma aka ba da sunan Agafia. Bayan da ya zama bummed tare da Uzbek, sarki na Moscow ya sa shi a gefensa kuma ya tabbata cewa an buga shi da sunan Grand Duke. Kuma yanzu shi ne Gregory wanda zai zauna a kursiyin Moscow.

Gagaguwa

Tare da Gregory, jakadun khan, wanda shugaban Kavkady ya jagoranci, wanda ke cikin kunkuntar kunkuntar da aka fi sani da mai mulkin Horde, ya je Rasha. Koyo game da wannan, Mikhail Tverskoy tare da tawali'u ya ki yarda da mulkin Moscow kuma ya koma cikin mulkinsa na Tver.

Amma Grigory bai manta da fushinsa ba kuma bai so ya daidaita batun tare da zaman lafiya ba. Ya tattara babban sojojin, ya koma Tver. A kan hanyarsa ya ci birane da ƙauyuka, ya ƙone filayen, ya kashe mutane da bayi, ya ba mata da 'yan mata wulakanci. Kashe gaba ɗaya daga ƙasashen Tver a gefe guda na Volga, sai ya ceci sojojin da za su mamaye yankin Zavolzhskaya. Girman wannan bala'i ya fi girma cewa Mikhail Tverskoi ya tara matasa da bishop kuma ya juya zuwa gare su don shawara. Bishop da boyars sunyi ɗayan ɗayan sun tashi don kare ƙasarsu ta gari kuma sun shawarci dan Yarima yayi yakin da dangin yaudara.

Yaƙin da tare da. Bortenev

Masu adawa sun fuskanci ƙarshen Disamba 1317 kusa da Tver, a wani ƙauyen ƙauyen Bortenev. A sakamakon yakin basasa, dakarun Moscow sun ci nasara kuma sun juya zuwa jirgin. George ya koma zuwa Torzhok, daga can ya gudu zuwa Veliky Novgorod. Matarsa Agafya-Konchaka, dan uwansa Boris da sauran 'yan kabilar da aka kama. Tare da nasara da farin ciki mai farin ciki sai Mikhail ya koma garinsa Tver. An kashe makamansa, amma shi kansa ba ya ji rauni. Michael yayi hidima ne don girmama nasararsa kuma ya kawo kyautar kyauta na coci. Bayan shan kashi, Gregory ya tara sabon sojoji daga Pskov da Novgorod, amma an kawar da zub da jini. Shugabannin sun yi salama.

Abinda ya faru shi ne sabuwar duniya. Matar Malima Agafi, wanda ke cikin matsayi mai daraja a Tver, ya mutu. Jita-jita sun yada cewa ta guba. George ya tafi Horde, kuma ya yi kokarin tabbatar da khan na mutuwar mutuwar 'yar'uwarsa. Don tabbatar da rashin laifi, Mikhail ya ba dansa Konstantin ga masu garkuwa, amma bai taimaka ba. Azbek mai fushi ya umurci Mikhail ya tafi Horde da sauri.

Mutuwar yarima

Da zuciya mai zurfi ya tafi Mikhail Tverskoy zuwa Khan Uzbek. Ya fahimci wannan, mai yiwuwa, ba zai dawo ba. Zuwa Horde, dan sarki, da kisa ya fuskanta, ya ki amincewa da duk laifuka kuma ya nemi kotun. Uzbek bai kalubalanci kansa ya kashe sarki ba kuma ya ba shi mataimakinsa Kavgadiya. Ranar 22 ga watan Nuwamba, 1318, bayan rashin adalci, Mista Mikhail Tverskoy ya mutu a cikin gidansa, ya ragargaje shi ta hanyar masu hikima waɗanda Kavkady ya jagoranci.

Matar Mikhail, Anna, ta roki George ya ba da mijinta don binne shi. Tverichi ya sadu da akwatin gawa da jikin Mikhail a bankin Volga. An binne jikin Tver Prince tare da babban taron mutane a cikin Yanayin Transfiguration.

Da yarda da shahadar, sarki ya kare ƙasarsa daga fushin Tatars da George. Don tsoron Allah da kariya daga Orthodoxy, ya kasance a cikin tsarkaka. A cewar Orthodox Canon na St. Mihail Tverskoy da ya zama majiɓinci, na Tver ƙasar. Gumakansa suna cikin gidajen ibada na garuruwa da ƙauyuka na Rasha, kuma shi da kansa an dauke shi wakili na ƙasar Rasha da kuma wakili na Orthodox. Al'ummai ga Mikhail Tversky suna a ƙasarsa.

A halin yanzu, mafi mahimmancin su shine a dandalin Soviet na garin Tver.