Yadda za a bude wani tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa Linux da kuma rajistan shiga riga bude?

Tashoshin jiragen ruwa a wani tsarin da yake a cikin cibiyar sadarwa matsayi, da aiki a matsayin wani elmentov. Masani wanda yake bude ko rufe, da aikace-aikace daga daya kumburi iya aika sako zuwa wannan aikace-aikace a kan wani. Me kuma yadda za a iya ottkryt tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa Linux, wannan labarin zai gaya.

A bit da ka'idar

Port bayyana ta lamba daga 0 to 65535. yawa dabi'u suna rajista domin aikin hukuma dalilai, wasu za a iya amfani da yardar kaina. Port kayyade irin tsaftacewa adireshin. Alal misali, wata dabarar da aka kaddamar daga wani shafin yanar uwar garke.

Don san daidai inda ya juya, da kwamfuta neman bayanai daga gare ta, kamata ka sani a kalla da IP. Amma idan hanya yana da dama daban-daban ayyuka, da yadda za a fahimci daidai inda ya tura request? Ga kuma amfani tashar jiragen ruwa. Sanin ya lamba, kwamfuta, ta amfani da IP-address da kuma tashar jiragen ruwa za su iya daidai aika request ga uwar garke.

matsalolin a

Saboda gaskiya cewa da yawa daga cikin shirye-shiryen da ake amfani da tashoshin jiragen ruwa ne ba ko da yaushe manufa cikin sharuddan lafiya, da na bude tashar jiragen ruwa na iya zama wani yiwuwar m nufi ga shigar azzakari cikin farji da kuma samun dama marar izini. Saboda haka, dole ne mu saka idanu da yin amfani da tashoshin jiragen ruwa a cikin tsarin ko a wani hanya wajen saka idanu da zirga-zirga.

A jerin mafi mashahuri tashoshin jiragen ruwa na dabi'u

Cikin kewayon lambobi daga 0 zuwa 1023 ne don amfani da tsarin shirye-shirye da kuma aikace-aikace:

• 21 - used FTP canja wurin bayanai yarjejeniya.
• 22 - kafaffen harsashi sabis SSH.
• 23 - Telnet.
• 25 - yarjejeniya domin aikawa e-mail saƙonni.
• 80 - HTTP zirga-zirga watsa. Used Web sabobin.
• 110 - POP3 (Post Office layinhantsaki ne wani).

Wadannan dabi'u an kiyayeshi da kuma amfani da tsarin. Mutane da yawa daga cikin sauran tashoshin jiragen ruwa za su iya amfani da a da hankali.

Yadda za a duba bude tashoshin jiragen ruwa a kan Linux

Don yin wannan, akwai gina-in kayan aikin. Sun nuna wanda tashoshin jiragen ruwa ne bude a kan Linux. Na farkon su - netstat.

Misali na yin amfani: sudo netstat -ntulp

Next ga tawagar da kanta ne a sa na keys ƙarin sigogi:

• -L. Yana nufin cewa kana bukatar nuna kawai ne ga waɗanda tashoshin jiragen ruwa da ake a halin yanzu ana fita ba.
• -p. More cikakken bayani game da tunani na aikace-aikace da suke amfani da tashar jiragen ruwa. A musamman, zai nuna maka sunan kuma aiwatar ID.
• -t. Add to da jerin TCP mashigai.
• -u. A wannan, kawai tare da UDP.
• -n. Yana nufin cewa IP adiresoshin suna nuna kamar lambobi.

Yadda za a bude wani tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa Linux

Wannan hanya za a iya bukatar a ci gaba da wani web aikace-aikace cewa Magana da wani waje uwar garke. Kafin ka bude wani tashar jiragen ruwa, dole ne ka farko duba ko yana da riga bude. Wannan zai taimaka wa hanya gabatar a sama.

Don buɗe ta amfani da iptables kayan aiki. Don duba idan yana samuwa a duk in da tsarin, kana bukatar ka shigar da wadannan umurnin a wasan bidiyo: iptables --list

A sakamakon haka, da fitarwa aka nuna shi, ya ce cewa mai amfani aiki da shi ne ba a cikin tsarin. Yanzu dole mu bude tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa Linux. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da umurnin:

iptables -A shigar -p TCP -m TCP --dport 53 -J AR

A key nan ne cewa kana bukatar ka ƙara wani sabon mulkin zuwa data kasance sarkar. Input nuna cewa an bude tashar jiragen ruwa za a hada da. A -p ce kara nuna irin yarjejeniya, a cikin wannan yanayin TCP. Dport nufin manufa tashar jiragen ruwa a nan - 53. To, kuma AR - kyale sadarwa.

A gaskiya, da mabuɗan da iptables ne yafi cewa yayi babbar dama ga m-kunna da kuma yadda za a bude wani tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa Linux.