Waya lalata: na asali iri, sa alama da kuma yin amfani da

dole ne mu mai da injiniyan Harry Brearli zuwan bakin karfe. Ƙara wani karfe sinadari kira chromium, ya yi kokarin cimma karuwa da narkewa zafin jiki. Wannan ake bukata don inganta aikin manyan bindigogi ganga. A lokacin da wadannan gwaje-gwajen an gano cewa, sakamakon gami yana da bambance-bambance a matsayin idan aka kwatanta da sauran. Sun kunshi a sunadarai juriya. Wannan na faruwa saboda da samuwar a farfajiya na fim na chromium oxide.

Bakin karfe bincike ya fara a 1871, da kuma na farko patent aka rajista kawai a 1913. A zamani kwatankwacin bakin karfe cewa hadu da dukan bukatun domin ƙarfi da kuma sinadaran Properties, da aka samu a 1924, masana kimiyya a Hartfield iyali.

Babban ra'ayin na bakin karfe

A adabi nassoshi ko wasu lalata-resistant karfe yana da wadannan tsarin rubutu: "aji karfe 08H18N10". Wannan na nufin da abun ciki, a cikinta daga wadannan abubuwa:

• carbon - ba fiye da 0.8%.
• chromium - 18%.
• nickel - 10%.

Wannan asali da sinadaran abubuwa, amma kuma ba a cikin gami da sauran impurities, su kashi ciki ba fiye da 1%.

Babban bakin karfe kayayyakin

Ya sanya daga bakin karfe high quality-kayayyakin, irin su:

• bakin karfe waya.
• karfe takardar .
• bututu daban-daban bango thicknesses da ciki diamita.
• siffa articles.

Har ila yau da yawa iyali wukake da kuma abinci sarrafawa nodes an sanya daga wannan musamman kayan.

Bakin Karfe Waya

Kamar kowane sauran samfurin karfe waya samar bisa ga halin yanzu Rasha nagartacce.

Yana shirya samar da irin wannan al'amari kamar yadda bakin waya, Gost 18143-72. A cewar wannan takarda, yana mai kauri daga daga 0.3 zuwa 6 millimeters.

Irin wannan waya za a iya amfani matsayin karshe samfurin da za a iya kara sarrafa da gyare-gyaren. Sa'an nan daga gare shi, tuntuɓi:

• sarkar links tare da daban-daban size,
• Grid tare da wani daban-daban mataki na cell,
• spring.

Cross-sashe na waya, yawanci zagaye, amma za ka iya saduwa da m ko square views. Cylindrical sashe ne da amfani sosai lokacin amfani da kayan kan aiwatar da waldi daga cikin wannan bakin karfe.

Bakin waya yana da wadannan babban abũbuwan amfãni:

• high matakan da lalata da juriya ga danshi, m masana'antu yanayin da sandaro.
• waya tare da babban abun ciki na molybdenum, chromium, nickel, jan, silicon, vanadium yana high zafi juriya, AMINCI da karko.

A amfani da bakin karfe waya

Saboda dogon rayuwa, da juriya ga acidic da alkaline kafofin watsa labarai, waya na bakin karfe da aka yi amfani da ko'ina a cikin hanyoyi biyu:

• saka a cikin igiyoyi.
• waldi.
• Knitted raga tace.

Waya lalata, farashin wanda dabam daga 120 zuwa 350 rubles da kilogram, dangane da kauri da kuma halaye, ya samu tartsatsi amfani a masana'antu, irin su:

• aikin injiniya.
• da wutar lantarki;
• mai.
• sinadaran.
• abinci.

waldi waya

Wide sinadaran masana'antu ci gaban da ake bukata cikin halittar metallurgical karfe iya rike high inji Properties a lalatattu yanayin. Bugu da kari ya jure daban-daban sinadaran abubuwa da ake bukata a wasu masana'antu da kuma ko da kaddarorin a cikin abin da karfe jure musamman high yanayin zafi. Bakin karfe solves da yawa daga cikin ayyuka. Haka kuma, amfani a cikin masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci ba zai iya zama mai daban-daban abu.

A zamani matakin na aiki daga karfe kayayyakin sa, don samar da hadaddun kayayyakin, amma duk wannan ba zai iya yi ba tare da welded gidajen abinci. Bakin karfe waya da ake amfani da waldi kayayyakin a hadaddun majalisai cewa da ake gittar da m yanayin.

Babban amfani mallaki by bakin waldi waya, shi ne cewa a lokacin amfani da welded kabu ma da tsarki, ba tare da wani cutarwa slags da inclusions parasitics. By ta amfani da bakin karfe abu kanta kabu ba fallasa zuwa hadawan abu da iskar shaka. Biya na wadannan abũbuwan amfãni ne cewa waldi tsari a cikin wannan hali ne da wahala, da kuma kayayyaki - hanya.

Bakin karfe waya da ake amfani da kawai a atomatik waldi. Ta ta ~ a wani atomatik Feeder, domin shi ne gudanar da.

The baka zone shiga wani m gas wanda displaces da oxidizers ta hanyar wannan akwai cikakken kabu prosekanie da kuma dangane da duk aka gyara.

Waldi waya ne rauni a wani karfe drum to a ci gaba da tsayin 50 mita. A matsakaita diamita na drum ne 50 millimeters. Hay tare da dogara sanda juyawa auku waya biasing biyu coils. A tsakiyar yanka QFontDatabase GROOVES, tare da abin da akwai tabbata riko a waya da kuma ciyar da shi zuwa ga waldi gun. Kafin ta bakin waya rauni sosai tsabtace na datti da kuma kasashen waje al'amarin.

Sa alama na waldi waya

Waya ne kerarre da sanyi mirgina da zafi aiki. Akwai iri biyu na daidaici - al'ada da kuma high. A karshen harka, bayan addu'a bai daya akan cikin baka, da wasika P.

Waya lalata biyu main markings - cikin gida da kuma waje.

Rasha lakabtawa yana da wani alphanumeric view - 10X17H13M2T. A na gaba domin na haruffa da lambobi nufin ta ciki da tsari da kuma sinadaran da abun da ke ciki. Figures m kaso na wasu kashi, da wasika - da rabi kanta. The sama raguwa da aka fassara kamar haka:

• 0.1% carbon.
• chromium - 17%.
• nickel - 13%
• manganese - 2%
• harafi T nuna cewa da waya aka samar da zafi magani.

A Turai misali ne quite hadaddun kuma yana da babu uniform lakabtawa na nagartacce. Kowane maƙerin karfe jadadda mallaka abun da ke ciki.