Siyasa adadi Heydar Aliyev: biography, siffofi da ayyuka da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Aliev Geydar Alireza oglu (haife 05/10/23 a Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan - 12.12.03 mutu a Cleveland, USA) - Azerbaijani dattaku, wanda shekaru 30 ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi m 'yan siyasa na kasar a matsayin mataimakin kuma shugaban Republican KGB, Republican Sakataren jam'iyyar kwaminis da kuma haramta shi, kuma amincewa da shugaban kasar na m Azerbaijan.

Man fetur da kuma Nagorno Karabakh-

Heydar Aliyev, wanda biography aka kammala a shekara shekaru 80, ya kasance da shugaban Azerbaijan tun 1969 (tare da wani gajeren hutu) har sai Oktoba 2003, kuma an sake daga wani shugaban jam'iyyar Brezhnev zamanin a cikin m zuwa Yammacin statesmen. A zamanin mulkinsa aka tuna da abubuwa biyu: sayar da Caspian man fetur (tare da "kwangila na Century, a gidan yari) da kuma rikici da Armenia kan jayayya yankin Nagorno Karabakh-- wani marasa cigaban tattalin arziki a cikin Azerbaijan da rinjaye Armenian yawan jama'a.

A matsayin shugaban zaman kanta a jihar Aliyev horar da siffar mai kyautatãwa. Mutane da yawa, duk da haka, zai tuna da shi a matsayin mutum wanda ya jagoranci kasar ba ta girmama hakkin dan Adam, inda tartsatsi cin hanci da rashawa ya fara saka hukuma.

Heydar Aliyev: biography

Dan Kasa - Azerbaijani. Ɗan wani jirgin ma'aikacin Aliyev aka haife shi a Nakhichevan, da Azerbaijani exclave a Armenia. Ya sauke karatu daga tarihi baiwa na Baku Jami'ar Jihar sa'an nan Masana'antu Cibiyar. A lokacin tsakanin 1941 da kuma 1944. Aliyev tsiwirwirinsu siyasa damƙarSa ce, a post na wani babban jami'in functionary na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis a garinsu. Early a cikin aiki, ya tsallaka rijiya fitar daga ta bayan zargin fyade da wani gefe na daya kawai zaben.

Sunansa da kuma matsayin da Aliyev aikata da KGB, tanã fita ta cikin sahu na Azerbaijan SSS for biyu shekarun da suka gabata, kafin ya zama mataimakin shugaban kungiyar a shekarar 1964 da kuma jagoranci ta bayan shekaru uku.

A shekarar 1969, Heydar Aliyev aka nada na farko sakataren jam'iyyar kwaminis ta Azerbaijan. Biography of shugaban jamhuriyar a 1982, wadãtar da taron na kiwon matsayin cikakken memba na Politburo na CPSU kwamitin tsakiya. Aliyev ya quite hankali tafiyad da ya zama majiɓinci, kuma ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi kusa majiɓinta. Don Brezhnev ya kai ziyara a Baku, a 1982, ga misali, ya gina fāda sirri amfani da Sakatare Janar. A Soviet shugaban yana can ga dare biyu, bayan da fada da aka rufe.

wulãkanci

Da nada Mikhail Gorbachev kamar yadda Soviet shugaba a shekarar 1985, alama mai kaifi canji cikin harkokin siyasa rabo daga Aliyev. Ƙi jinin mutane a shafukan da buga sashin jiki na kwamitin tsakiya na CPSU, "Pravda" ga cin hanci da rashawa a lokacin da sake fasalin kudin ya zama daya daga cikin na farko wadanda - tsohuwar tsare. A shekarar 1987, Gorbachev aka tube wa wurin zama a cikin Politburo, da kuma tilasta yin murabus daga mukaminsa a matsayin shugaban Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Azerbaijan. Yana da jũna da cewa aiki ya kan. Gab da mata ta mutu Geydara Alieva.

Biography manufofin da aka sake alaka da Nakhichevan - shi ne a can, a ƙasarsa ta gari, da kuma Heydar dan lokaci janye. A shekarar 1990, tare da halayyar siyasa acumen Aliyev murabus daga jam'iyyar Kwaminis, da zato ga rashin amincewa da abubuwan da suka faru na Black Janairu, lokacin da Soviet tankuna birgima cikin Baku da yawa fararen hula da aka kashe.

'yancin kai

Komawa manufofin da aka kara da m nutsewa Azerbaijan, a Jihar ciki hargitsi tun samun 'yancin kai a shekarar 1991 da kuma gazawar a cimma wata sauri nasara a Nagorno-Karabakh. A shekarar 1992, Abulfaz Elchibey, shugaban na Popular Front, wanda ya jagoranci yunkurin neman 'yancin, ya zama na farko da zababbun shugabannin shugaban kasa, amma ya kasance mai rauni shugaban.

The domin ba za a iya mayar da, da kuma Heydar Aliyev aka gayyace su goyi bayan gwamnatin a Baku. Biography siyasa sanya wani kaifi nuna baya. A lokacin da a Yuni 1993 Elchibey aka tilasta musu gudu da babban birnin kasar, bayan da yunkurin juyin mulki, Aliev ya zama mukaddashin shugaban kasa. Ya ci gaba da magance juyin mulkin su hana wani yakin basasa, kuma an tabbatar a matsayin shugaban kasar ta hanyar zaben raba gardama da aka gudanar a watan Oktoba na wannan shekara.

Shugaban kasa

Yana girma a cikin wani kazamin lokaci a karkashin Aliyev Karabakh yaki. Lokacin da ya zo ga ikon, da Armenia sun karfafa matsayin su a cikin shagaltar da ƙasa na Azerbaijan, amma soja ayyuka da aka ba da za'ayi. A Disamba 1993, Aliyev sake fara gudanar da wani cikakken sikelin soja aiki, wanda ya dauki tsawon watanni 18. A lokacin da wannan lokaci da aka rasa mafi yawan 30,000 wadanda ke fama da yaki. A sakamakon rikicin 750,000 Azerbaijanis aka tilasta su bar gidajensu.

Aliyev ya m zuwa ga abokan hamayyar siyasa. Ya ƙarfafa ikon, ajiye, a key matsayi na abokansa daga Nakhichevan. Duk da girma damunsu da gwamnati, na ta maye samu zaunanniya warware Nagorno Karabakh matsala ko mu jimre wa da zamantakewa da tattalin arziki sakamakon da yaki, duk da akai cin hanci da rashawa na da jami'ai, Aliyev ya consistently kasance iya nesanta kansa daga jama'a damunsu. A watan Oktoba 1998, da manufofin da aka sake zabe da 76% na kuri'un da, yayin da kungiyoyin adawa da kuma kasashen duniya masu sa ido sun tambaye da amincewar da sakamakon.

geopolitics

Aliev wani trump katin a cikin nau'i na mai albarkatun na Caspian Sea, kazalika ya yi da ikon kewaya a wani hadadden geopolitical Maze Caucasus, shaida game da siyasa acumen. Hulda da Amurka da kuma yammacin Turai characterizes sanya hannu na 1997 kwangila tare da kasa da kasa Oil Consortium, wanda bayar yammacin kamfanonin mai babbar rabo a cikin Caspian Sea. Tana hada kai tare da kasashen waje man fetur Refayawa, galibi tare da "British Petroleum", Aliyev ma ya zama daya daga cikin tuki sojojin a cikin ci gaban da bututun Baku-Ceyhan bututun, wanda nufin safarar Caspian da man fetur zuwa kasashen yamma via Jojiya da kuma Turkey.

Wannan bututun aikin ya ƙarfafa riga ƙunci dangantakar da Moscow, amma shugaban Azerbaijan gudanar don kauce wa wani cikakken hutu. Dangantaka tsakanin kasashen biyu kasance, a wata low matakin a lokacin shugabancin Borisa Eltsina, amma a lokacin da ikon a Rasha ya zo a digiri na biyu daga cikin KGB, Vladimir Putin, Heydar Aliyev, wanda biography aka kuma hade da wannan shiri ya iya kafa dangantaka. The siyasa ma mayar da hankali a kan samar da karfi dangantaka da Turkey. Hulda da Iran, wanda shi ne gida don game da miliyan 14. Kabilanci Azerbaijanis bayyane tallafawa Armenia, a lokacin mulkinsa, a hankali zo da kõme ba.

daular

Aliev bai shiga cikin zaben a watan Oktoba 2003, ambatawa matalauta kiwon lafiya. Ya na farko dynastic maye a cikin tsohon Tarayyar Soviet, a lokacin da shugaban kasar da na ɗansa Ilham. OSCE ce cewa zaben bai sadu da} asashen duniya, bi da tarzoma.

Duk da yake Aliyev da ake magana a kai a jihar na kiwon lafiya, babu wani abu da ya nuna a tabarbarewar ya shafi tunanin mutum da ikon tunani. Ya kasance da zuwa karshen kaifi da kuma basira adadi.

12.12.03 mutu shugaban na Azerbaijani mutane Aliev Geydar Alievich. Biography manufofin da aka katse a Cleveland Clinic a Amurka. Heydar binne shi a lungu na Tsarki ya tabbata a Baku.

Heydar Aliyev: biography, iyali

A shekara ta 1948, nan gaba siyasa aure Zarifa Aziz. Oktoba 12, 1955 suna da wani ya Sevil, kuma Disamba 24, 1961, ɗan Ilham. Yara tsira ubansu. Matarsa, sanannen ophthalmologist, farfesa, Academician na Academy of Sciences na Azerbaijan, mutu da ciwon daji a shekarar 1985.

The pro-Western fir'auna

Gaskiyar cewa tsohon KGB jami'in zama sosai pro-Birtaniya da aka kafa, shi ya fi mayar saboda da muhimmiyar rawa da cewa tsiwirwirinsu a Azerbaijan kamfanin "British Petroleum". Da begen juya babbar reserves na man fetur da kuma iskar gas a kasar ta ci gaba da kudi ne sun fi mayar dogara a kan bututun mai ta Jojiya da kuma Turkey, da wanda Rasha ji ba babbar sha'awa.

Daya shekara ɗari da suka wuce, Baku ya man babban birnin kasar na duniya, da kuma wasu daga cikin rasa daukaka mayar yau. Bude sabon da ya fi girma reserves yarda Aliyev cimma, akalla zuwa babban birnin kasar, a wasu mataki na ci gaba, suka bi ta hanyar m dakile siyasa amincewarsa. Kuma dansa goyon wannan lokacinta na ci gaban tattalin arziki.

La'akari da abin da wani matsanancin adadi na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet makaranta aka Aliev Geydar Alireza, ya biography, dauke da shi a kalla rabin abin da ya sani, ya zai yi wani gagarumin taimako ga fahimtar zamanin, wanda alama nisa.

karrama

Aliyev aka bayar da dama lambobin yabo da lambar yabo, duniya awards, zabe m likita na manyan cibiyoyin ilmi, a kasashen da dama.

Shi ne sau biyar girmama tare da Order of Lenin, da Order of Red Star ta samu, da dama lambar yabo, da kuma lambar yabo da} asashen waje. Ya aka sau biyu sãka musu da take Hero of Socialist Labor.

A 1997, Aliyev aka bayar da mafi Ukrainian Order Yaroslava Mudrogo a 1999 ya karbi Turkish Ataturk Peace Prize da lakabi na cibiyar Farfesa na Moscow Jami'ar Jihar.

A shekarar 2003, an zabe Aliyev farfesa kuma cikakken memba na Academy of Tsaro, da Defence, da kuma shari'a norms na Rasha Federation al'amurran da suka shafi. Ya aka bayar da Order of Andropov da Andreya Pervozvannogo.

A shekarar 2004, an halitta ta Geydara Alieva Foundation. Biography dattaku, ta shirya da Cibiyar Tarihin na Academy of Sciences na Azerbaijan, da aka buga a 2013.