Tsari na taurari a kafada madauri. Major kafada madauri, kyaftin, general

Hanya madauri - wani muhimmanci sifa wani soja ko jami'an tilasta bin dokoki, a mafi yawan kasashen duniya. Nawa suka bayyana a Rasha? Yadda za a rarrabe tsakanin su dangane da daraja? ko soja-style epaulettes daban-daban daga wadanda suke sawa jami'an tilasta bin dokoki? Ashe, akwai wani kasa nagartacce cewa gwada bayyanar insignia a cikin soja da kuma a tilasta doka? A wannan labarin, za mu yi kokarin amsa duk wadannan tambayoyi lokaci guda bincika look daga cikin da aka ambata halayen samar da junior da kuma manyan jami'an, a Vol. H. The kafada madauri, kuma manyan. Hotuna ma za a gabatar.

A tarihin soja insignia

A yawan masana tarihi sun yarda da cewa kafin bayyana a Rasha sojojin, wanda aiki akai-akai waje bambanci jami'an sojan da sosai kadan sharudda. Senior da junior darajõji daga daban-daban sai dai cewa rufe da tufafi da kuma irin makami. Wasu zamani ya faru a lokacin Peter Mai girma. Jami'an fara saka gorgets (badges kamar wuya, halartar wakilan jihar heraldry). A farkon da XIX karni, kayan da aka gabatar a Rasha sojojin, da zane kusa da na zamani ( "frachnyh"). Akwai huluna, Highlights da bambanci a sahu. A hankali ya zama gaye epaulettes. Ga jami'an da suka dace da launi daga cikin siffar, da kuma generals sun zinariya tabarau. Wasu epaulettes samfurori yale mu mu bambanta, ce, ober da kuma ma'aikatan sanda. Duk da haka, wannan bambanci bata ce kome ba game da soja da darajõji.

A 20-ies na XIX karni a cikin uniform na Rasha sojoji bayyana alama. Daya nufi da cewa soja yana da daraja na ensign, biyu - manyan, uku - Laftanar Kanar, hudu - kyaftin. Colonels, duk da haka, sa epaulets, a kan wanda babu star a duk. A cikin 1840s, wadanda ba izini jami'an sayi decals a cikin nau'i na mai gangara ratsi, wani abu irin wannan ya ratsi a cikin Soviet Army saja.

Hanya madauri, kuma star a fiye ko žasa da ba form fito a Rasha a tsakiyar XIX karni. Su bayyanar da wasu masana tarihi shirki da gabatarwar sabon tufafi na samfurin - a sansanin uniform. Hanya madauri, wanda suka sewn amarya da taurari (shi ne lura da cewa duk sanda, ciki har da manyan jami'an, su size ne guda), gyarawa a kan kafadu na kayan.

Bayan juyin juya halin na 1917 taurari da kuma madauri, kamar yadda daya daga cikin alamu na tsarist gwamnatin, aka soke. Amma a kan lokaci, da Tarayyar Soviet soja jagorancin fara komawa zuwa tarihi insignia. Da farko akwai ratsi a kan hannayen riga, da kuma a 1943 - kafada madauri. Hotuna da kuma bidiyo daga waɗanda shekara damar zuwa karatu a cikin daki-daki, su halaye.

The bi a Soviet Army

A Janairu 1943, an soma da umurnin Koli Soviet na Tarayyar Soviet a kan gabatarwar sama domin Red Army. Tun da insignia dole ba a kan tufafi na Soviet sojoji, sa'an nan Rasha. Wasu masu tarihi sun yarda da cewa bayyanar da zobe a cikin Tarayyar Soviet za a iya dauke da wani abin mamaki a cikin gwada da kwanan nan - kamar yadda ya ko lokaci - tarihi hangen zaman gaba, wannan kashi na soja tufafi bayyane raina da Bolsheviks kamar yadda karfi da dangantaka da tsarist gwamnati. A Red Army akwai iri biyu na sama (as kyau kamar yadda a cikin mallaka, ta hanyar): za a sawa a cikin filin da yau da kullum. A farko daban-daban da sake kamanni launuka ( "hacks"), trimmed da launin piping.

A kan kafada madauri, tsara don yau da kullum da lalacewa, da alama da aka sanya, m ga mai irin makamai, kazalika da tagulla mashiga. Insignia farjõjinsu wani lokaci ana dauke da adadin da soja naúrar. Daya daga cikin muhimman hakkokin bambance-bambance, a cewar wani yawan soja masana tarihi, tsakanin tsarist kuma Soviet insignia - a cikin girma da Stars. A Tarayyar Soviet, sun kasance ya fi girma.

Wasu masana tarihi sun nuna fitar da wadannan al'amari: tun da gabatarwar da zobe a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a yakin da ta zama sannu-sannu koma manta kalmar "jami'in" da aka yi amfani da baje karkashin tsarist tsarin mulki. Karkashin Soviet mulki, wannan category aka kira da soja umurninSa, kuma kula da ma'aikatan. Wani lokaci yana amfani da magana "kwamandan na Red Army."

Shar'ance, da kalmar "jami'in" da aka ba yake kunshe a cikin tarayyar Soviet. Da farko an yi amfani da informally a fi'ili tattaunawa. Amma a kan lokaci, sai ya tafi da sojoji da kuma daftarin aiki management a kan gaba daya hukuma akai. Duk da haka, kamar yadda masana tarihi lura, a cikin wasu umarni ko da a shekarar 1942 da kalmar "jami'in" shi ne har yanzu ba.

A taurari a kafada madauri

A cikin sojojin Rasha Empire, Soviet sojojin (tun 1943) da kuma na zamani sojojin na Rasha Federation matsayin daya daga cikin manyan abubuwa a kan kafada madauri ne taurari. A daban-daban lokaci na lokaci, da siffar da launi su iya bambanta. Yana kuwa zinariya taurari a epaulets, azurfa, karfe. A lokacin amincewa a 1943, sun kasance lebur, da kuma kawai a tsawon shekaru samu wani uku-girma siffar - Karfe Ribbed, tare da abubuwa na corrugations. A diamita na manyan abubuwa - 20 mm, kananan - 13 mm. A farko, da Soviet sojojin da aka kawota tare da tagulla taurari, daga baya - aluminum. Har da farkon '80s, sun kasance azurfa, sa'an nan - zinariya (sai dai ga filin na taurari da bi - su kasance duhu kore da kuma vyponyalis karfe).

Wadannan siffofin na sojojin taurari da aka kafa a cikin Soviet lokaci har yanzu suna dacewa ga zamani sojojin Rasha. Canje-canje, idan akwai, shi ne kananan. Wani lokaci Rasha sojojin hadu da star Khaki kore ko al'ada. Ko da a cikin sassa sanya daga karfe, shi ne a yanzu, a mafi yawan lokuta m fuska. Daga cikin sauran sananne sababbin abubuwa - da "falshpogony" a cikin abin da daban-daban abubuwa, ciki har da taurari, fentin da fenti. Su yi amfani da an kusan ko da yaushe iyakance zuwa ga tsari filin. A cewar wasu masana soja, "falshpogony" sojoji suka zo su liking saboda saukaka - al'ada karfe taurari iya jingina zuwa jakunkunan ratayawa a baya, jackets, yi walƙiya a rana da kuma samar da game da shi, sojojin abokan gaba.

Ainihin tsaren soja epaulettes a Rasha

Bayyanar distillates zamani Rasha jami'an da umurnin da shugaban kasar da aka farko amince a shekarar 1994 da kuma guda doka yi a 2010 (da ta biyo baya bugu). Symbolism, halayyar da Soviet lokaci (da guduma da lauje, Soviet gashi na makamai), aka maye gurbinsu da Rasha. Bisa ga matsayin soma a mafi jihar matakin, da madauri ya zama rectangular (babba baki - a cikin wani nau'i na trapezoid) da launi - matching da zinariya ko uniform sautunan. A kan kafada madauri na daban-daban sassan yanzu gefen wani launi. Har ila yau, a kan wadannan halaye, akwai wani button siffar.

A Airborne, da Army Air Force RF Space Forces kafada madauri sanye take da blue edging. A FSB, da sabis na musamman abubuwa da Tarayya Guard Service na kashi a kafada madauri ne ba a duk ko shi cornflower blue.

Rarrabe ne epaulets Marshal na Rasha Federation - a kan su a tsaye axis layi ne mai star, da kuma baki - ja.

Stars a kan insignia Rasha sojoji na wani zamani sojojin da kuma shirya a daidai da nagartacce. Epaulettes Army Janar bambanta daya star, wanda shi ne ya fi girma fiye da shugabannin ƙananan daraja, da take dauke da kalmar "general". Launi baki dogara a kan irin sojojin. A irin wannan format da epaulettes Navy admirals. A su - daya star, babban a size fiye da waɗanda aka located a kan insignia daga mataimakin kuma Rear Admirals.

Hanya madauri, amince a Rasha Federation, da wani kashi kamar wani skylight. Su yawan dogara a kan wani soja daraja. Hanya madauri kanar a Rasha sojoji, da kuma dauke da biyu manyan lumen. Kyaftin, Lieutenant - daya.

Private ɓangare na Rasha sojojin

A kasan daraja, da Rasha Federation amince a cikin sojojin, - talakawa. Hukumance, shi aka tabbatar a shekarar 1946, kafin sojojin da aka kira da sojoji ko Red Army. Wani lokaci sauran kalmomi suna kara da cewa a lokacin da nufin soja. Alal misali, talakawa adalci (a cikin hali na Reserve Forces). A Navy analogue na talakawa daraja - a ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa. Sojoji da suka cimma wasu nasarorin a soja sabis zai iya samun kofur daraja (sojojin ruwa - Seaman). A babu mafi girma kwamandojin iya sarrafa talakawa mutanena su ka (seamen). Ta yaya domin sanin biyu da soja daraja a kafada madauri? Very sauki: talakawa zuwa da rana insignia raguwa, kuma akwai wani ƙarin abubuwa. Muna da wani kofur ta ratsi.

Next daraja zuwa ga daraja da farjõjinsu - Saje. Yawancin lokaci, shi ne shirya Kofur ga wata falalã agare ko mai kyau horo, wani lokacin - da sallama daga cikin sojojin a ajiye. A Navy daraja na junior saja yayi dace da daraja na saja biyu labarin. Wani soja zai iya tashi zuwa ga daraja da saja. Haka take iya samun yar jam'iyyar kadet. Higher daraja, a Army - da foreman. An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, da take da ainihin wannan kara a Navy - ba daya da kuma guda. A Army saja dauke biyu notches sama saja. Jirãge - daban-daban. Akwai foreman kira soja m daraja overland saja. Sama a cikin Army - Staff Saje. A Navy ya - Chief tausayin Jami'in jirgin. Next sojoji Rasha sojojin zai iya tashi zuwa ga daraja da ensign (sojojin ruwa - tushe jami'in), da kuma bayan - ya sami muƙamin na "m."

A kan kafada madauri na junior saja yana da raguwa BC da biyu ta ratsi. Saje - uku, da mazan - daya fadi Insignias. Foreman saka kafada madauri da daya fadi da kuma daya kunkuntar Insignias. Kuma tushe jami'an sa a kan su epaulettes biyu taurari, tare da daraja na babban jami'in - uku. Tsari na taurari a kan su epaulettes - a jere.

Junior jami'an

Karkashin junior jami'an gane jam'i soja darajõji jere daga qananan Laftanar (wanda aka dauke su girma ga daraja, fiye da Ensign) zuwa kyaftin (ƙananan daraja bisa Major). soja ma'aikata ne sau da yawa ba a cikin bataliya matakin, platoons da battalions, kuma ake magana a kai a matsayin junior sanda. Digiri na manyan makarantu na soja profile (ko karshe shekara dalibai daga wadannan cibiyoyin) zai iya samu da daraja na leftana. A wasu lokuta (misali, idan wani jami'in yin wani rukuni na ayyuka ne bai isa ba), wannan sa za a iya sanya wa talakawa jami'a digiri na biyu yakin. Duk da haka, da daraja na leftana iya samun daya kawai soja wanda ya yi aiki a rundunar soja. Hakazalika, soja ma'aikata sanya zuwa ga daraja da leftana. Domin junior sanda da sojoji a cikin sahu na kyaftin.

An ban sha'awa al'amari shi ne cewa shi ne tsari na taurari a kafada madauri, kuma ba da yawan rarrabe wakilai daga junior shugabannin sojoji daraja da kuma fayil. Ga 'yan misalai. Epaulets Lieutenant dauke da kawai biyu taurari, yayin da wani soja na ƙananan daraja - m tushe jami'in - uku. Duk da haka, jami'in da alama sanya gaba kofa da kuma fadin kafada madauri. A wancan lokaci, kamar ensign - a layi tare. A farko leftana - uku da taurari, suke located in alwatika, da nisa daga taurari a uniform - guda. A kyaftin, bi da bi, hudu taurari. Uku daga cikinsu - a cikin wani nau'i na alwatika, da kuma wani daga cikin wannan size kyaftin ta epaulets saukar a wani yanki da ke kusa da kwala kayan. Junior leftana yana da kafada madauri da daya star a tsakiyar kafada madauri (kadan kusa da gefen dangi da cibiyar).

manyan jami'an

Soja, da aka ciyar da su Manjo, za a iya kiran kansu manyan jami'an. An ban sha'awa Gaskiyar ita ce, da kalmomin magana da kara tare da tunani da soja na daraja, a ajiye, na iya daidaita da waɗanda aka yi amfani da lokacin da nufin jerin. A kyaftin na Army Navy Rasha yayi dace da lakabi na wannan sauti, amma ƙara da cewa, kalmar "na uku sa." Sama Major - Kanar (sojojin ruwa - Kyaftin na biyu rank), sa'an nan - Kanar (a cikin Sojan Ruwa - Kyaftin farko daraja).

Idan kwatanta insignia for junior shugabanni da daraja da kuma fayil na sojojin abun da ke ciki na taka muhimmiyar rawa matsayi na taurari a kafada madauri, sa'an nan da m category na jami'an hukunci muhimmanci shi ne girman wadannan abubuwa. Ga 'yan misalai. Junior leftana ne a kan kafada madauri guda star. Mafificin shi a dama, saukarwa a cikin sahu Major ma yana daya star. Amma da suka sãɓã wa jũna a cikin size. Major kafada madauri ake yi wa ado da wani ya fi girma star. Haka kuma labarta insignia leftana da kuma Laftanar Kanar. Dukansu - biyu taurari. Amma suna da yawa fiye da babban jami'i mai.

Hakazalika, a wannan tushen za a iya gane kanar insignia na Rasha sojojin da kuma irin wannan bambanci a leftana. Dukansu - uku da taurari. Junior jami'in ne wadanda da suke da yawa karami a size. A nesa na taurari a wannan uniform. Af, kyaftin insignia ne musamman a cikin irin. Kawai suna hudu taurari. Fi ko wannan adadin ba daya daga cikin jami'an. Amma ga kwatanta soja epaulettes na daban-daban da darajõji a Navy, akwai daidai da wannan dokoki.

Higher jami'an

A saman matsayi na darajõji a Rasha sojojin - mafi girma sanda. A mataki na farko daukan Manjo-Janar (a cikin Navy ya gana Rear Admiral). Wannan jami'an umartarku da rarrabuwa, da yawan wanda ya wuce 150 da dubu. Sojoji. Wannan ne bi da Lieutenant General (kuma wannan duk da cewa da zama ƙarƙashin shugabanni na babbar muhimmanci fiye da Lieutenant). Tarihi, cewa Lieutenant-Janar dauki mafi girma matakin-ayyuka (misali, wani ɓangare na waɗanda ke lura da Janar na Army). A wasu lokuta, wani wakilin daga cikin mafi girma da jami'an na Rasha sojojin za a iya nada Gaba Staff da kuma ma'aikatar tsaro ta. Matsayin mai mulkin, wannan category na soja ma'aikata sa da daraja na Kanar Janar. A Navy, suka dace da darajõji. The jami'in a cikin mafi girma ga daraja matakin a cikin dakarun na Rasha Federation - ne Janar na Army, da Navy - Admiral na rundunar motoci.

Don yadda ya kamata rarrabe tsakanin title na manyan jami'an daga ƙarami da kuma m shekaru, za ka bukatar ka yi la'akari mai yawa nuances: wurin da taurari a kan su epaulettes, su size, kuma ko da launi. Akwai zabin yin kuskure a lokacin da wuya, misali, idan kafada madauri ne kanar. Yadda yawa taurari a epaulets daga gare shi, mun riga muka gani a sama - uku. A wannan adadin, kuma a babban jami'in leftana, amma su size ne karami. Duka soja, suke located alwatika - more wannan tsari, ba kowa. Akwai wani babban yiwuwa za a kuskure a gane madauri Major General. Su daya star. Major kafada madauri ma dauke da guda daya star. A wannan halin da ake ciki, kuma da halayen kayan junior leftana. Unmistakably gano manyan jami'an iya zama da rashi na da epaulets wasu abubuwa (tube). Wani misali - Lieutenant-Janar. Soja kafada madauri a wannan matsayi da biyu taurari, tare. A wannan hanya a matsayin cewa daga cikin ensign. Amma da star ne mafi a mafi girma jami'in. A irin wannan misali - Kanar-Janar. Hanya madauri saukar ta uku da taurari - kamar manyan tushe jami'in. Bambanci - duk da wannan size.

Rasha da 'yan sanda bi

Ranking na lakabi da amfani da matsayin insignia na distillates amfani ba kawai a cikin Rasha sojojin, amma kuma a tilasta doka da Tsarin, ciki har da 'yan sanda. Saboda da kama wasu ayyuka - soja da dokar tilasta yin aiki, da ka'idodin da tsari na taurari da kuma sauran abubuwa a kan kafada madauri ga 'yan sanda a general, kamar irin waɗanda suke halayyar da Rasha sojojin.

Rank kuma fayil 'yan sanda ba shi da wani abubuwa a kan kafada madauri. Togiya - da insignia ga dalibai, wanda shi ne yanzu harafin "K". Sama da daraja da kuma fayil a 'yan rahoton katunan matsayi - junior umartarku da sandarsa, wakilta sergeants, tausayin shugabanni da sammacin sanda. A key kashi a cikin ãyõyin da bambance-bambance a hade da wadannan lakabobi -'s ratsi da taurari. Saje, ko da kuwa da matakin, babu taurari. Matasa - biyu na bakin ciki ta ratsi, Saje - uku, da mazan - daya m.

Foreman na 'yan sanda na da kafada madauri da wani m tsaye stripe. bambance-bambance Ensign ãyõyi halin gaban taurari: talakawa biyu daga gare su, da mazan - uku. Suna located a jere. A talakawan abun da ke ciki an wakilta mai mulkin junior sahu na 'yan sanda leftana zuwa kyaftin. Wadannan madauri an halin gaban "lumen" - ja band mikawa tsakiya. Akwai Stars: ƙaramin daya leftana, a cikin saba - biyu, da mazan - uku. 'Yan sanda kyaftin ta epaulets dauke da hudu taurari. Next a sahu - m umartarku da sandarka. Epaulettes bincika 'yan sanda da biyu "lumen". Ranks bambanta a cikin yawan taurari. A kan kafada madauri na Major - daya. Laftanar Kanar - biyu. Kanar kafada madauri da uku da taurari. Koli m 'yan sanda - shi ne generals. Sun sa tufafin ba tare da "gibba" tare da taurãri fi girma fiye da na da talakawan abun da ke ciki na jami'an. A manyan-janar - daya star. A ma'aikata na mafi girma ga daraja, 'yan sanda mafi girma: Lieutenant-Janar na da kafada madauri da biyu taurari, Kanar-Janar - uku.

A mafi girma ga daraja, a cikin Rasha Federation

A mafi girma ga daraja, a kasar mu - a Marshal na Rasha Federation. Yana da aka legally kafa a shekara ta 1993 da kuma maye gurbin da lakabi na Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet. A zamani tarihi na Rasha, shi da aka bai sau ɗaya kawai. An samu Rasha ministan tsaron kasar Igor Sergeyev a 1997. Marshal na Rasha Federation yana da kafada madauri, wanda shi ne babban star, da kuma biyu-gangarawa mikiya - daya daga cikin alamu na Rasha da kuma babban abubuwa na Jihar alama na kasar.

Igor Sergeyev aka haife shi a Ukraine a 1938. Bauta a cikin Armed Forces da Tarayyar Soviet a shekarar 1955. A shekarar 1960, ya mayar da su cikin harsashi Forces, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban Division ga post na Kwamandan a Chief. A 1973 ya sauke karatu daga Soja Academy. Dzerzhinsky, a 1980 - da Soja Academy of Gaba Staff da Tarayyar Soviet. Bayan rushewar tarayyar Soviet sun ci gaba da hidima a Rasha sojojin. A lokacin daga shekarar 1992 zuwa 1997 ya yi umarni da makami mai linzami sojojin kasar. Inganta da matakin na fama horo, samar da fasaha da kayan aiki. Ya shugabantar a kan gabatarwar rundunar sabon makami mai linzami tsarin. A May 1997 aka nada Ministan Tsaro na Rasha Federation. Ya kasance memba na kwamitin sulhu zuwa Presidium na Rasha gwamnatin. A watan Nuwamba, Igoryu Sergeevu aka bayar da lakabi na Marshal na Rasha Federation. Ya zuwa yanzu, fiye da daya daga cikin Rasha soja ba ya won. A 2001, Igor Sergeyev, yayi murabus, kuma ya kasance mai taimako ga shugaban kasar a kan al'amurran da suka shafi dabarun zaman lafiyar. Ya yi aiki a cikin shawarwari tsari a kan makami mai linzami tsaron tsarin, dabarun da makamai, ba yaduwa na makaman nukiliya. Ya rike matsayin har Maris 2004. Bayan wani dogon rashin lafiya, ta shige Nuwamba 10, 2006. A cikin Donetsk yankin (Ukraine) ya tunawa plaque sadaukar Igoryu Sergeevu.