The history, ci gaba da kuma yanayi na Tatarstan

Jamhuriyar, da aka sani a yau a karkashin sunan Tatarstan, yana mai arziki tarihi. A farko shaidar mutum yarjejeniya a kan wannan ƙasa kwanan baya zuwa Paleolithic zamanin. Ko sa'an nan, akwai na farko Monuments cewa suna cikin daban-daban al'adu ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi.

Tarihi na Jamhuriyar Tatarstan

Tare da ci gaban crafts da kuma canza epochs canza da kuma sakamakon adam aiki. A lokacin mika mulki daga Bronze da Iron Age ya haifar da ci gaba ananyino al'adu, da halitta na wanda aka zaunar da su a Volga-Kame. Akwai shaida da cewa a cikin tsawon daga Sabunta zuwa VII karni BC a kan wannan ƙasa bayyana Sarmatian kabilu da kuma Gorodets al'adu.

Tarihi na Tatarstan nuna cewa miƙa mulki ga sabon zamanin akwai al'adu Monuments a karkashin sunan "pyanoborskaya". Su sun mayar da hankali a Lower Kama. A lokacin III-IV karni a kan wannan duniya ta fara shiga cikin Turkic da Ugric kabilan Siberia, wanda baya gudanar ya kau da 'yan asalin yawan daga bankunan na Kama River. Wannan ne ya bãyar da shaida da Turayevo mounds, shi ne mai tarihi abin tunawa. Sai suka iske binne shi tare warriors makami. A lokacin IV kuma VII ƙarni na babban yankin na zamani Jamhuriyar Tatarstan Rayuwa mutane Imenkov al'adu.

ci gaba na Tatarstan

Duk da cewa da al'adu da kuma tattalin arzikin jihar sun quite rarrabe, to top V - Sabunta ƙarni Kama jin iko da tasiri na kasashe masu tasowa gunii Volga yankin da kuma Yammacin Turkic da Khazar Khanate.

Tarihi na Tatarstan ambaci wanzuwar Volga Bulgaria a lokacin Sabunta - XIII ƙarni.

Rubuta bayanai, tsaresu daga waɗanda sau, ba ba da gaskiya da kuma fadada bayani game da wannan jiha. Duk da haka, shi ne a zaci cewa a nan shi ne wani ɓangare na ƙasa na Arewa Volga yankin: Zakamye, Predkame, da Pre. Wasu masana tarihi sun yarda da cewa arewacin kan iyakar na Volga Bulgaria zarce dama banki na Kama da yammacinta - tare Sviyagi. A gabas na kogin skirted Shischmu da kuma kudu ya kusa Samara Bend. A halin yanzu, wasu masu bincike suna karkata zuwa wani daban-daban view, bayar da shawara cewa Bulgaria iyakokin sun yawa fadi.

A na gaba lokaci a cikin tarihi na Jamhuriyar Tatarstan - samuwar da Kazan Khanate. Its kafa ne Kazan Khan - Ulu Muhammad. Kama Kazan a 1438 da kuma hambararren da Bulgarian yarima, ya ayyana da khanate da kuma kafa daular. A sakamakon haka shi da wani jihar ya zama doka magaji na Bulgaria. Ba da da ewa, a 1552, Kazan aka kama da Tsar Ivan IV of, da kuma nasara da yankuna shiga cikin Moscow State. Daga wannan lokacin, da aiki cin gaban Tatarstan.

Don kwanan wata, babban birnin kasar na Jamhuriyar Tatarstan ne daya daga cikin manyan al'adu, siyasa da kuma kimiyya cibiyoyin na Rasha.

A picturesque jamhuriyar Rasha

Tatarstan Nature gudummawar da cewa wannan yankin ya ci gaba da yada harkokin yawon shakatawa. A wannan lokaci, shi Yanã shigar da biyu mafi girma a kõguna - da Volga da Kama. A gaban wani m temperate nahiyar sauyin yanayi ya sa ya yiwu don ci gaba ski mura, da ba su da analogues a cikin kasar. Nature na Jamhuriyar Tatarstan fascinates tare da kyau. Panorama view of Kogin Kama, tana kuma da indescribable kyakkyawa da dutsen-filayen bewitches, tilasta yawon bude ido ya je ya dawo nan kuma da sake. Ko da mazauni ba zai iya dakatar admiring yanayin da ƙasar haihuwarmu. Tatarstan ba ya bar kowa sha'aninsu dabam. A sarari rana weather a kan sararin sama ƙawata kararrawa hasumiyoyin Kirista majami'u, kazalika da minaret na Musulmi masallatai Elaburgi. Kyalkyali gado na kogin da yawa tabkuna, wanda ba mai haske gleam, kuma sanannen Grand Bohr ba ta gushe ba a faranta gaskiya magoya na halitta wuri mai faɗi.

National kiwon lafiya mafaka

Nature Tatarstan sanshi magani Properties. Hade steppe iska, curative microclimate gauraye gandun daji, da cikakken magani abubuwa - fitontsidami, da kuma ma'adinai ruwa kafofin duk taimakawa wajen m dawo da na jiki. A wannan batun, yana da shekaru da yawa sanatoria da kuma kiwon lafiya mura na Tatarstan ne rayayye climatotherapy.

kare yankunan

Nature na Tatarstan ne sanannen Emerald babban Bohr, wanda aka sani ga dukkan zane-zane ta hanyar Rasha artists Shishkin "Morning a wani Pine gandun daji." A cikin jamhuriyar shi ne mafi bambancin da kuma arziki Woodland. Wannan ya hada da irin wannan ban sha'awa rajistan ayyukan kamar yadda kananan Erhov, Rasberi, arziki, mai girma. Wadannan halitta abubuwa suna ba tukuna shafi da aiki adam aiki. A nan muna boye bicentennial Refayawa: kyakkyawa-fir, Pine, Linden. A arewacin boron aka located wani m line na kananan tabkuna, wanda zurfin jeri daga rabi zuwa bakwai mita. Irin wannan kududdufai ne na babban amfani a cikin kimiyya. A cikin unguwa girma rare jinsunan da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi na Tatarstan. A cikin ruwan da tabkuna da kuma su bankunan iya saduwa da wadannan wakilan na dabba duniya kamar yadda muskrat, ma, lizard, tsarkakewa da kuma waterfowl, muz da barewa. Kuma shi ne kawai karamin sashi daga cikin jinsunan halittu masu rai, wanda shi ne mai arziki a cikin yanayi Tatarstan. Photo na kyanta samar da wani unusually m da kuma tunawa.

Domin kiyaye da na halitta al'adunmu na Jamhuriyar Tatarstan, da hukumomin kafa a shekarar 1960, da Volga-Kama Reserve. An located a West Predkamja, shiga nan Raifa da Saralovsky yankunan. A total yanki ne fiye da dubu takwas kadada, da yawa daga wanda aka rufe da gandun daji.

Wasan kwaikwayo na halitta yanki

Raif ware ƙasar, located in Zelenodolsk gundumar kawai ashirin da biyar kilomita daga babban birnin kasar na jamhuriyar - Kazan. Yafi mamaye lebur ƙasa, amma akwai gagarumin bambanci a cikin altitudes jere daga hamsin zuwa xari da arba'in mita. Na da babban amfani ne Raifa lake kuma arboretum, a cikin abin da tsire-tsire girma daga kusan dukkan nahiyoyi na duniya. Yana gida hamsin da biyar jinsunan, kusan ɗari biyu jinsunan tsuntsaye da kuma fiye da talatin da iri karkashin ruwa mazaunan. A fannin m ~ ar ruwan suna located ne wuce yarda da m spawning filaye.

albarkatun kasa

Resources, wanda shi ne mai arziki a cikin yanayi Tatarstan jamhuriyar ya yi yaƙi domin biyu wuri tsakanin Rasha batutuwa a kan man fetur. Jihar balance rike records na hannun jari na daya ɗari da arba'in da biyar filayen, wanda aka kiyasta a 1,734 kai tan biliyan. Cewar na farko kimomi, da m reserves na albarkatun an kiyasta a 2.7 ya kai tan biliyan. A total hanya tushe, wanda ya hada da ɗari biyu da hamsin filayen, wakilta goma sha takwas iri raw kayan. Wannan ya hada da Montan, gini da agromineralny jinsunan. Mafi muhimmanci da suke bentonite, kumbura lãka, yashi cakuda. Su samar da wani gagarumin rabo daga cikin bukatun da jamhuriyar da kuma kasar baki daya.

yanayi Monuments

A jamhuriyar ne mai arziki ba kawai ma'adinai. Babba amfani yanayi ne da kuma Monuments na Tatarstan. Su ne na musamman da darajar. A wannan batun, daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci a raga na shiyya hukumomin - don ajiye jamhuriyar nazarin halittu da kuma wuri mai faɗi da bambancin, musamman ma'aunan kasa fasali da kuma wuraren da rare jinsunan shuke-shuke da dabbobi. Wannan ya shafi musamman ga wakilan da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi da miyagun.

Halitta Monuments na Jamhuriyar Tatarstan sun hada da kiyaye halitta hadaddun "Kyrykmas floodplain kogin." Kimiyya karatu gudanar a wannan yanki, sakamakon ya nuna: ruwan wannan kogin da ake samu ashirin da bakwai jinsunan kifaye. Wadannan sun hada da rafin kifi, minnow talakawa, Turai Grayling, Bullhead talakawa. Dukkan su suna da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi na Jamhuriyar Tatarstan. Bugu da kari, a kan bankunan na kogin armhole Kyrykmaks gani saba'in da biyar jinsunan tsuntsaye, goma sha bakwai na wanda - da "Red Littãfi." A karshen hada da Harrier filin, makiyaya harrier, fari-tailed mikiya da sauransu. A kan ƙasa da abin tunawa da kuma gida ga irin wannan rare jinsunan Flora da fauna kamar yadda anguis gaggautsa, kububuwa, wuta-bellied toads krasnobryuhaya.

Nature Tatarstan arziki da kuma ta haka ne adana kamar yadda Krasnoborsky ma'aunan kasa sashe. Da ya faru yana nufin glacial lokaci Dneprovskoe glacial epoch. Special doka matsayi na kare yankin ba su ci gaba da ƙasa na halitta abin tunawa na musamman ma'aunan kasa siffofin da suke da muhalli da kuma kimiyya darajar.

Taƙaitawa a cikin yanayi reserves

A cikin iyakoki na ma'aunan kasa sashe Krasnoborsky da kuma "floodplain Kyrykmas" an kafa haramta. Ba za ka iya tafiyar da harkokin kasuwanci da ayyukan da yuwuwar mummunan tasiri a kan Monuments yanayi da mazaunanta. Shigar da cikakken ban a kan wani bincike safiyo a Krasnoborsky ma'aunan kasa sashe, ci gaban ma'adinai adibas a cikin shi. A cikin iyakoki na halitta abin tunawa "Floodplain Kyrykmas kogin" shi ne zai yiwu wani motsi a cikin ruwa da kuma mota, ba za a yi izni plowing ƙasar, gina gine-gine da kuma Tsarin, kazalika da sadarwa da kuma kayayyakin more rayuwa. Har ila yau, akwai wata ban a kan ajiya na mai guba da sinadarai da kuma gudanar da duk wani ayyukan da za su iya taimaka wa da rushewa da na halitta tafiyar matakai.

Wanda ya mallaki halitta al'adunmu?

Halitta Monuments na Tatarstan ne ƙasashe da suke da aikin noma, ƙasar. Su ne mallakar gwamnati da kuma suna located in da wadannan yankuna: Krasnoborsk, Staroslyakovskoe, Devyaterninskoe yankunan karkara ƙauyuka Agryz birni gundumar.

Domin kiyaye wadannan halitta da tsarin akwai kare yankunan (kare yankunan). A cewar jihar cadastre, su total number ne 163.

Saboda haka, Jamhuriyar Tatarstan yana da wani arziki tarihi. Saboda m Gwargwadon wuri da kuma musamman na halitta shafukan, yankin a kowane lokaci ne na musamman darajar domin mutane da yawa. A halin yanzu akwai wani aiki ci gaban Tatarstan. A kowace shekara da inflow na yawon bude ido fata ga samun Masana yanayi reserves da Monuments na wannan kyau da kuma ban mamaki kasar.