Tarayya jihar - menene wannan?

A tarayya jihar - wani hadadden siyasa-administrative mahaluži, wanda yana a cikin abun da ke ciki na yankin abokai. A karshen da isasshe m doka dalĩli har da ikon mallaka, kusa da jihar.

Mafi na kowa bayyanar cututtuka na wani tarayya a jihar :

1. Geographically, hukumar ne zuwa kashi raba abokai: jihohi, cantons, ƙasar, jumhuriya, da sauransu.
2. Federated abokai da hakkin yin nasu dokokin, da tsarin mulki, za a iya samun nasu majalisu, shari'a da kuma zartarwa jikinsu.
3. Duk da haka, babban majalisu, shari'a da kuma zartarwa ikon dangane da dukan ƙasar har yanzu nasa ne da tarayya hukumomi. Iyawa tsakanin hukumar batutuwa da cibiyar a kowane hali delimited ta Tarayya kundin tsarin mulki.
4. Mai tarayya jihohin da matsayin na kowa Union dan kasa da kuma dan kasa na tarayya batutuwa.
5. Babban kasashen waje da manufofin kawai kasar jam'iyya gawarwakin iya zama cewa hukumance wakiltar kasar a matakin kasa da kasa.
6. A tarayya Jihar doka, kamar yadda mai mulkin, yana da wani bicameral majalisar dokokin kasar. Daya daga cikin Houses na majalisar harhada daga wakilan da yankuna na kasar.

Iri na wani tarayya jihar

Akwai da dama bambance-bambancen karatu da irin wannan siyasa da administrative abokai. Alal misali, tare da girmamawa ga tsarin mulki da kuma tsarin shari'a, akwai tsakaitã da asymmetrical Tarayya. Tsakaitã tarayya jihar - a jihar da dukan yankin abokai da wannan tsarin mulki da kuma shari'a status. Alal misali, {asar Amirka, inda dukkan jihohin a cikin wannan ma'ana ne daidai. Conversely, batutuwa asymmetric Tarayya na iya bambanta a ikonsu. Wannan Jihar harkokin cikin Brazil da kuma Indiya.

Daga cikin abubuwan, da Tarayya da farko za a iya kaga domin dalilai daban-daban. Kuma dangane da wadannan tarihi yanayi da ake kafa na wadannan iri:

• Yankin tarayya jihar. Waɗannan su ne jiha, tushen da administrative rabo daga abin da saka zalla yanayin akai. Irin wannan, alal misali, Amurka da kuma Jamus.
• National tarayyar - ne da kanta cikin hanyar rabuwar kasar cikin administrative abokai ta'allaka ne a Multi-kabilanci. Kuma a sa'an nan ta rarraba ƙasa dole ne ya yi la'akari da mutanen 'm factor. A gaskiya, wannan manufa da yake a cikin tarayya tsarin Rasha.
• Gauraye.

A matsayin hanya ga kafa shi za a iya shawarce da tsarin mulki. Idan kwangila tashi daga wani karamin, a baya 'yantattun kasashe su warware kowa matsaloli: kariya, tasiri da tattalin arziki aiki, da sauransu, tsarin mulkin tarayya jihar - shi ne sau da yawa tsohon unitary jihar, a wani tarihi mataki, tuba a cikin ta administrative da kuma yankin division.