Taqaitaccen Tarihin: Pol Verlen

A cikin marigayi 19th karni, Faransa na da yawa talented kasida, kowanne daga abin da mai kyau da kuma ban sha'awa biography. Pol Verlen yana daya daga cikin fice kasida. Ba abin mamaki ya aka yi shela, "Prince of Poets" da kuma furuci master na alama kwatance. Duk da haka, ba wani theoretician kuma wani shugaba, ya kasance ba.

Kerawa da kuma na sirri rayuwa na mawãƙi facts ake inextricably nasaba. Da yake m, kuma m yanayi (haka ya gaya mana ya biography), Pol Verlen kullum sarƙafewa a cikin saba wa juna halinsa da rabo, da kuma caved a karkashin nauyin tsanani rayuwa yanayi. Amma kamar yadda gaskiya da ya ce Anatole France: "Yana da unacceptable su yi amfani da wannan ma'auni ne da mawãƙi da kuma m mutane. Paul ne yawanci ba a nan daga gare mu, kamar yadda shi ne yafi hakan da kuma yawa ƙananan fiye a lokaci guda duk da mu. Ya sume da haka da kasancewa wani mawãƙi wanda aka haife sau daya a cikin wani karni. "

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma samartaka

Pol Verlen aka haife shi a Metz a 1844. Saboda mahaifinsa aiki (shi ya kasance wani soja m), da dukan iyalin koma kullum, har a 1851 aka ba zauna a Paris. Ga nan gaba mawãƙi ciyar da makaranta shekaru. A 1862 ya karbi digiri na farko a cikin wallafe-wallafe. Tuni a cikin matasa, a cikin filayen bayyana predilection ga wallafe-wallafen aiki. Ya karanta Littafin waqoqi C. Baudelaire, kazalika da kasida parnassians T. Gautier kuma T. de Bonneville. A karshen 1862 a nan gaba mawãƙi ke da Faculty of Law ya yi nazarin dokar, amma kudi matsaloli tilasta masa ya daina karatu da kuma samun aiki.

na farko bazawa

A 1866, Paul aka buga a mujallar "Modern Parnassus." Ya kuma wallafa nasa kudi tarin "Saturnian waka." A farko littafin na Verlaine nuna rinjayar marubucin-Parnassian kasida suka ƙaryata da "bayanan shayari" da kuma romantic "tafasar motsin zuciyarmu." A cewar su, da babban rarrabẽwa na kyakkyawa - shi ne kamalar form, "jituwa tsakanin kayadadden da haƙiƙa." Farkon waqe na Paul Verlaine sosai a fili gani wannan manufa. Duk da haka, da mawãƙi bayyana asalin style, halin da melancholic sautin da ikon kai ga mai karatu da m ƙungiyoyi na rai, da "music".

sabon ayyukansu

A cikin marigayi 60s Paul na musanyar taimakekkeniya da dama wallafe-wallafen mujallu. Har ila yau, a nasu kudi, ya wallafa a 1869 da tarin "Fine holidays." Domin shayari aka halin da melancholy, m tsari, kyale conversational sautin. A mawãƙi yayi kokarin ba zai yiwu ba a wani gargajiya rhyme versification.

A wannan lokaci Verlaine gana da 16-shekara girl, Matilda. Da fashewa daga cikin so da kauna wahayi zuwa Paul rubuta wani sabon tarin "Good Song". A waqe kunshe a cikin littafin, da na kowa launi. Saboda haka Kalmar m da lyrical.

Bikin aure da kuma ganawa tare da Rimbaud

Summer 1870 tarin "Good Song" da aka buga, da kuma Verlaine da zarar ya auri Matilda. Sun shirya a Paris, amma da fashewa daga cikin Franco-Prussian War tilasta su su tsira da kewaye. Bayan 1871 da melancholy filayen qara. An ciyar a matsayin sirri rai bai yi aiki ba daga kazalika da asarar daga cikin Paris ƙungiya.

Iyali dangantaka ko da mafi wuya bayan ganawa Paul tare da wani Faransa mawãƙi ne. Wannan shi ne shahararren Artyur Rembo. Anarchism da nihilism m - wadannan su ne biyu akida matsayi, wanda aka halin kerawa Arthur da biography. Pol Verlen, tura matasa baiwa, yanke shawarar karya tare da poetic hadisin. Ya tsanani tunani game da abun ciki na da waqe.

Tun farkon 1872, Pol Verlen da Artyur Rembo ciyar dukan lokaci tare. Sun yi tafiya mai yawa ga Ingila da kuma Belgium. Rambo ya bayyana cewa Paul ya nemi sababbin hanyoyin wakoki. Sau da yawa suka yi yãƙi, kuma ku yi sulhu, har da koli ya faru a tsakiyar wani abin kunya a 1873. Paul Arthur harbe da kuma raunuka da shi a kafada. A wannan Verlaine sa a shekaru biyu a gidan yari. A da shi za a sake a Janairu 1875.

Romance ba tare da Words

Duk da waqe-waqe da Paul Verlaine kyau, amma kunshe a cikin tarin "Romance ba tare da Words" ne ya fi kyau poetic nasara. The tarin aka buga a 1874, a lokacin da marubucin ya a kurkuku. A ayoyi da sauti melancholy rubutu na bakin ciki da kuma taƙaitaccen abu wulakantacce. Wasu daga cikin ayyukansa kama Impressionist shimfidar wurare, an rufe shi da launin toka hazo, ko narkar da a cikin hazo. A wannan yanayin, a fili gano yin amfani da gani da harshen siffofin da hali ya kira pictorial da fi'ili hasashe.

"Poetic Art" da "tsine wa kasida"

A 1882, Paul buga waka "Poetic Art", wadda ta zama ga matasa symbolist kasida a cikin wannan manifesto. Ko da yake Paul kansa bai shawara mabiyansa su shiga a cikin m kwaikwayo. Yana da kyau don ƙirƙirar your own asali style. A wannan shekara ya zo da sake zagayowar of "tsine wa kasida", inda marubucin ya yi magana game da latest makaranta Symbolist kasida da kuma yabo T. Korber, Rimbaud, Mallarmé S. et al. Nasarar da wannan jerin Ya yarda Paul zuwa buga more da suke aikatawa da kuma samun biya bashin kyau kudi. Za mu iya cewa a cikin kudi sharuddan, wannan shi ne lokaci mafi kyau a cikin rãyuwar mawãƙi ne. Wannan ƙare ya biography. Pol Verlen mutu a 1896 daga ciwon huhu.