Socialization - a ...

Bisa ga al'ada definition dukkan, socialization - wani tsari na familiarizing da mutum zuwa ga al'ummar da ya wanzu, ta yarda na norms da kuma al'amurran da al'umma. A ra'ayi na socialization aka gani a yankunan da yawa na ilmi, duk da haka, daban-daban tarbiyya suna karatu daban-daban al'amurran da wannan tsari. Psychologists sha'awar a cikin sunadaran da cewa taimaka wa mutum daidaita da wa jama'a, watau, assimilate ta dokoki. Sociologists karatu yadda kuma abin da rawar da mutum san da kuma hanyar da hali aka kafa a lokaci guda a cikin al'umma. Dangane da abin da ake yi karatu, kuma na iya samar da wani karin kunkuntar ma'anar da kalmar "socialization". Wannan jinsi, siyasa, addini da kuma sauran socialization.

periodization

Da yake jawabi na socialization, shi ne sau da yawa ya kasu kashi Firamare. Primary tallafi na dabi'u da ake kira yaron a cikin al'umma. Secondary socialization guda - wani karbuwa daga cikin dokoki na fara tasawa.

Yana yanke shawarar ware dama matakai na socialization :

1. Karbuwa. A wannan lokaci, da suka fara da haihuwa da kuma kawo karshen matsayin saurayi, ta hanyar kwaikwayo ne assimilation na zamantakewa da kwarewa ba tare da m kimantawa. The girma yaro san daidaita da wa duniya a kusa da su.

2. Identification. A wannan mataki, mutum yana kokarin gano su wuri a cikin al'umma, ko ta yaya gano tare da wasu rukunin.

3. Hadewa, watau cikakken haɗin kai a cikin rayuwar zamantakewa, wanda a wasu lokuta na iya ba su cin nasara.

4. Work mataki. A wannan mataki, mutum accumulates nasu aikin kwarewa da kuma aka hada a cikin daidai tsarin dangantakar, kazalika da rayayye da tasiri da yanayin da ake located.

5. Posletrudovaya mataki, wanda wasu masu bincike yi imani da mataki na maladjustment, da sauran - da balaga mataki, a lokacin da akwai yarda da kai, sake tunani da rayuwarsa da kuma shi ne lokaci don canja wurin da kwarewa ga wasu.

A lokacin socialization yawanci rarrabe Rasha mawallafa, shi ne magaji na "aikin" m. Ericsson yayi wani karin cikakken periodization kwatantawa da kuma yara shekaru, da kuma na gaba, saukarwa a cikin ci gaban da mutum a cikin al'umma. Sauran matakai da Freud socialization kasaftawa.

kungiyoyin

Socialization aiwatar auku a wani iri-iri na cibiyoyin, wato, waɗanda kungiyoyin a cikin abin da watsa norms da kuma dabi'u: shi ne, a sama da dukan, da iyali, makarantu, a kowane rukuni, aiki kungiyoyin. Domin cibiyoyin na socialization hada da ake kira unorganized yanayi da cewa shi ne na yau da kullum kungiyoyin da kafofin watsa labaru, wanda tasiri ba za a iya underestimated.

Socialization da kuma ilimi

Wajibi ne a rarrabe tsakanin Concepts na socialization da kuma ilimi da kuma horo. Idan horo ya shafi sosai directional effects, da socialization - mai yawa mafi fadi ra'ayi da ya hada da tallafi na sabon matsayin, da kuma karbuwa ga muhalli. Duk da haka, kamar yadda da ilimi, socialization ne Mai kusurwa biyu tsari. Wannan yana nufin cewa ba kawai rinjayar da al'ummar dan Adam. Ya ba kawai daidaita, ya rinjayar da riga kafa norms, ya canjãwa su, da kuma taka rawa a cikin wasu adaptations.

A bambanci ga koyarwa, da aiwatar da assimilation na zamantakewa norms da kuma samun su wuri a cikin al'umma ba za a iya kara. Za mu iya kawai gano dalilai da shafi aiwatar kamar socialization. Yana da wani nazarin halittu factor, da jiki da kuma zamantakewa yanayi, kazalika da mutum da kuma kungiyar kwarewa. Shi ne daban-daban m adam halaye ƙayyade da bambance-bambance tsakanin mutane da suka yi ya yi girma, shi zai ze, karkashin wannan yanayi.

Idan, duk da haka, janye hankali daga kimiyya sharuddan da sukayi fassara, zamu iya cewa da socialization da ya auku cikin rayuwarmu, dole ne ga dace samuwar tsarin dabi'u, dukkan kasashen wasu kuma kai-sani a matsayin mutane. Yana ake bukata domin al'ada horo, da kuma daga baya aiki, to cikakken gudanar da matsayin su da nauyi da kuma m canja wuri da ta zamantakewa da kuma sauran kwarewa na gaba tsara.