Saint Sophia Cathedral a Kiev - Ukraine ta al'adu

A cikin zuciya na Kiev ya zaunar da gagarumin shiri na Kievan Rus - St. Sophia Cathedral, ba abin mamaki da ya samu a cikin UNESCO jerin. Wannan shi ne da gaske ban sha'awa da kuma musamman Haikalin, wani yanki na tarihi da al'adu na Ukrainian mutane. Shekara na yi na babban coci ne ba a sani ba: wasu masu bincike suna karkata zuwa zaton cewa shi aka gina Yaroslav Mudry, yayin da wasu nace cewa yi ya fara karkashin Prince Vladimir. Duk abin da ya, amma, duk da ya da shekaru, kusan shekaru 1,000, da Haikalin dostoyal wa yau.

An sani cewa St. Sophia Cathedral a Kiev da aka gina a game da wannan lokaci tare da Hagia Sophia na Konstantinoful. Ukrainian coci da aka gina, kamar wani babban coci da Our Lady Oranta cewa shi ne a Konstantinoful. A yi na St. Sophia Cathedral a Kyiv aka ƙare nasara a kan Pechenegs na Kiev, a shafin na wani hukunci yaki da kuma gina Haikali. Its gine ne reminiscent na Byzantine style, fãce ga wasu nuances, don haka ne a zaci cewa domin ta yi aka gayyace sana'a daga Konstantinoful.

Saint Sophia Cathedral a Kiev, ba sau daya ne a kan gab da mutuwa. A karo na farko a cikin Haikali ya kai hari da Andrew Bogolyubskii a 1169, sa'an nan babban coci kusan ƙone a kasa a lokacin da wata wuta a 1180. Taro na Batu Khan a 1240 ma yana da mummunan tasiri a kan jihar na coci, da yawa sauran kaya a lokacin da aka sata, ko hallaka. A cikin XV karni St. Sophia Cathedral a Kiev da aka sata ta Crimean Tatars. Sa'an nan ya zo a lokacin da ƙi. A Tarurrukan na coci dauki up Ivan Mazepa a XVII karni.

A ciki na babban coci da aka har yanzu dadi da kuma kusan bai sha wahala daga rushewa da kuma lokaci. A ganuwar har yanzu kiyaye yawa frescoes, mosaics kuma rubutu a bango. Akwai zanen sanya ta wani Byzantine artists a cikin XI karni, cewa shi ne, a lokacin da ainihin da kuma haikalin da aka gina. A mafi kyau-tsare mosaic aiki, su palette sosai arziki da kuma hada har zuwa 170 launuka. A frescoes sun tsira, ba duka, da kuma da yawa daga cikinsu an sabunta a cikin XVII karni. Wasu daga cikin su a cikin XIX karni aka tsabtace su da asali tsari da kuma rufe da man fetur a kan lalace fresco zanen Masters yi azãbar.

Saint Sophia Cathedral a Kiev kuma suka zama wuri inda ragowar shugabannin Kievan Rus. Yana samu da sarcophagus Yaroslava Mudrogo, dansa Vsevolod, da jikoki - Vladimir Monomakh da Rostislav Vsevolodovich. The coci kiyaye kayayyakin tarihi kamar "Cap na Monomakh", cewa Vladimir ya ba da Byzantine sarki, kazalika da crucifix, kawo daga Konstantinoful, sarauniya Olga.

Da zuwan na Soviet gwamnati a karni na ashirin St. Sophia Cathedral a Kiev da aka barazana tare da halaka. Duk da yake mutane da yawa Monuments na Kirista al'adun da aka kawai rurrushe, amma coci ya tsaya ga Faransa, bayan matar Sarki Henry na, Anna, 'yar Yaroslava Mudrogo, wanda ya kafa babban coci. A 1934 aka yanke shawarar kirkiro gidan kayan gargajiya-ajiye a nan.

Sophia Cathedral da kuma a yau ne gidan kayan gargajiya, saboda wannan dalilin, ba ya kamãta da kõwa daga addini kungiya shi ne. Bauta da aka gudanar kawai sau daya a shekara - a Rãnar Independence na Ukraine, Agusta 24, sa'an nan tattaro wakilan daban-daban addinai su yi addu'a domin jindadin kasar.