Asalin rayuwa a duniya: da jarrabawa da kuma shakka

A mafi kyau zukatan tsufa da kuma wayewar sun kasance kuma ta ci gaba da jayayya game da yadda daya daga cikin mutane da yawa taurari a sararin samaniya da aka sanya yiwu fitowan da nazarin halittu tãlikai. A gaskiya wannan batun - mai raɗaɗi, evidenced da yawa camfin da Legends, a poetic form kwatanta da asalin rayuwa a duniya. Hakika, tun lokacin da na zamanin d Misira da kuma Babila ya kama mutane da yawa ƙarni, mutane tara gagarumin kaya na kimiyya da ilmi ba, amma abin tambaya shi ne har yanzu a bude. Kuma da shawara a kan wannan batu da za'ayi har yanzu irreconcilable.

Duk da yawa daban-daban shiriritar, dukansu za a iya harhada cikin uku manyan mahanga da asalin rayuwa: creationism, ka'idar juyin halitta da ka'idar panspermia. Hakika, wannan ne mai matukar al'ada rabo a cikin kowane daga cikin matsalolin akwai yalwa da ƙungiyoyi, wanda ya saba da juna. Har ila yau, ka tuna cewa magoya bayan wata jarrabawa iya yarda da m gaskiya na sauran Concepts. A 'yan tsaya daga cikin jarrabawa kwatsam abubuwa masu rai daga matattun yanayi, kazalika da manufar biochemical juyin halitta, da aka bayyana a cikin 20-ies na XX karni Rasha masanin kimiyya A.I.Oparinym.

A takaice dai look at wadannan ka'idojin. Creationism - ba tare da wata shakka, mafi tsoho na su. Ya ga asalin rayuwa a duniya kamar yadda Allah ya halitta tsari. The tsarki texts na addinan duniya ce cewa halittu masu rai, duk da haka, a matsayin kayan duniya, da aka halitta da Allah ko alloli. A cikin shakka daga muhimman hakkokin creationism bai gane juyin halitta da kuma zabin yanayi, imani da cewa duk wanda yake da aka halitta kawai da zarar kuma a cikin nau'i a cikin abin da ya bayyana a yau. Amma mafi yawan mabiya da ka'idar da asalin rayuwa a matsayin wani aiki na Allah zai partially gane da ka'idar juyin halitta na jinsin.

A lokacin, Charles Darwin halitta mai hargowar daga Sahaban ta bayar da shawara cewa ci gaban mutum da dukkan zamani jinsunan shuke-shuke da dabbobi da yawa sun shũɗe aiwatar da zabin yanayi. A kwayoyin aka tilasta daidaita canza muhalli da yanayi da kuma halittu farfadowa. Saboda haka, asalin rayuwa a duniya su bi hanyar raya kasa daga sauki kwayoyin to mafi hadaddun su. Idan ka ci gaba da tare da wannan ka'idar "zurfin", dole ne mu dauka kasancewar a "magabata" ga dukan abubuwa masu rai.

Panspermia ka'idar ya wadãtu da asalin rayuwa a duniya a sakamakon shigar daga sarari a cikin yanayi na duniya tamu protozoa. A cikin jarrabawa ta dogara ne a kan kaddarorin wasu daga cikin sauki na sel nasarar shawo kan wannan damning domin karin ci-gaba kwayoyin yanayi kamar yadda kusa da cikakkar sifili zazzabi, da cikakken injin da kuma radiation. A wannan ganewa, akwai kuma wani wuri na koyon cewa halittu aka gangan bar a duniya da baki, da kuma cewa rayuwa ya tashi a lokaci guda tare da Big Bang - farkon talikai.

Hakika, duk shiriritar game da asalin rayuwa a duniya da su "karfi" da "rauni" wurare. Gaba daya kawai, an karyata rukunan samozarozhdayuschihsya Adam (misali, kafin da aka zaci cewa da kwari suna "haife" rududdugaggu nama, da ƙwarƙwata samozarozhdayutsya datti gashi). Gwaje-gwaje da Lui Pastera karyata wannan ka'idar. Saboda haka nisa ya bada wani sakamako na gwaje-gwaje da karatu qaddamar da Oparin, da Haldane ci gaba da British Masanin. Wadannan masana kimiyya sun bayar da hujjar cewa mafi sauki cell iya sun taso ta hanyar juyin halitta da hadaddun carbon mahadi.